Effects of Ammonia and Lactate on Hybridoma Growth, Metabolism
... metabolic deamination of glutamine to glutamate and by the conversion of glutamate to a-ketoglutarate. Concentration of ammonia in cell culture is influenced by the mode of reactor operation, cell and glutamine concentrations, and cellular activities. Although ammonia concentrations of 2-5 mM are ty ...
... metabolic deamination of glutamine to glutamate and by the conversion of glutamate to a-ketoglutarate. Concentration of ammonia in cell culture is influenced by the mode of reactor operation, cell and glutamine concentrations, and cellular activities. Although ammonia concentrations of 2-5 mM are ty ...
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... differentiate. We found that cells divide when their signaling levels have increased by around 60%. This simple mechanism quantitatively explains the proliferation and differentiation waves in wild type and mutants. Furthermore, this mechanism may be a common feature of different growth factors, bec ...
... differentiate. We found that cells divide when their signaling levels have increased by around 60%. This simple mechanism quantitatively explains the proliferation and differentiation waves in wild type and mutants. Furthermore, this mechanism may be a common feature of different growth factors, bec ...
Extracellular ATP in Plants. Visualization
... Extracellular ATP (eATP) in animals is well documented and known to play an important role in cellular signaling (e.g. at the nerve synapse). The existence of eATP has been postulated in plants; however, there is no definitive experimental evidence for its presence or an explanation as to how such a ...
... Extracellular ATP (eATP) in animals is well documented and known to play an important role in cellular signaling (e.g. at the nerve synapse). The existence of eATP has been postulated in plants; however, there is no definitive experimental evidence for its presence or an explanation as to how such a ...
Choosing the Best Kinase Assay to Meet Your Research Needs
... and other kinases. Based on sequence analysis, the human genome encodes approximately 518 protein kinases, and approximately one-third of the proteins in a typical mammalian cell are phosphorylated (1). Protein kinases function primarily as components of signaling pathways in which signals perceived ...
... and other kinases. Based on sequence analysis, the human genome encodes approximately 518 protein kinases, and approximately one-third of the proteins in a typical mammalian cell are phosphorylated (1). Protein kinases function primarily as components of signaling pathways in which signals perceived ...
Contribution of microtubule growth polarity and flux to spindle
... or perpendicular to the spindle axis (xt-plot, Fig. 3A), from the time-lapse measurements (xyt). Visual inspection of movies and these constructed kymographs revealed that metaphase plant chromosomes (seen as a negative stain) maintained their positions without appreciable movements in x or y direct ...
... or perpendicular to the spindle axis (xt-plot, Fig. 3A), from the time-lapse measurements (xyt). Visual inspection of movies and these constructed kymographs revealed that metaphase plant chromosomes (seen as a negative stain) maintained their positions without appreciable movements in x or y direct ...
Notch and the Awesome Power of Genetics
... interactions during development, identified the core components of the signaling system, and elucidated the mechanism of signal transduction. However, I also found myself developing three other themes, which I will return to at the end in Concluding Remarks. One theme is the remarkable synergy that o ...
... interactions during development, identified the core components of the signaling system, and elucidated the mechanism of signal transduction. However, I also found myself developing three other themes, which I will return to at the end in Concluding Remarks. One theme is the remarkable synergy that o ...
The regulation and plasticity of root hair patterning
... thus emerged for evaluating processes that cannot be studied in Arabidopsis. We also, therefore, integrate knowledge derived from other root hair models in comparison with and in addition to what has been learned from Arabidopsis. An overview of root hair development and patterning ...
... thus emerged for evaluating processes that cannot be studied in Arabidopsis. We also, therefore, integrate knowledge derived from other root hair models in comparison with and in addition to what has been learned from Arabidopsis. An overview of root hair development and patterning ...
Apical ectodermal ridge morphogenesis in limb development is
... stratification and AER morphology, but the contribution of active migration, cell intercalation, differential adhesion or cell sorting to this process is not clear (Tickle and Altabef, 1999). The ARID family of transcriptional regulators is an evolutionary conserved group of genes that perform essen ...
... stratification and AER morphology, but the contribution of active migration, cell intercalation, differential adhesion or cell sorting to this process is not clear (Tickle and Altabef, 1999). The ARID family of transcriptional regulators is an evolutionary conserved group of genes that perform essen ...
Involvement of Calcium Ion in the Stimulated Shoot Elongation of
... Center for Research on Wild Plants, Utsunomiya University, 350 Mine-machi, Utsunomiya, 321-8505 Japan ...
... Center for Research on Wild Plants, Utsunomiya University, 350 Mine-machi, Utsunomiya, 321-8505 Japan ...
Introduction to Biology Pacing Guide
... Conduct a scientific investigation demonstrating safe procedures and proper care of laboratory equipment. (DOK 2) Safety rules and symbols Proper use and care of the compound light microscope, slides, chemicals, etc. Accuracy and precision in using graduated cylinders, balances, beakers, therm ...
... Conduct a scientific investigation demonstrating safe procedures and proper care of laboratory equipment. (DOK 2) Safety rules and symbols Proper use and care of the compound light microscope, slides, chemicals, etc. Accuracy and precision in using graduated cylinders, balances, beakers, therm ...
Full-Text PDF
... n-hexane extract on silica gel (Silica Gel G) TLC plates using the optimized solvent system toluen/ethyl acetate (3:1; v/v). Both isolated compounds belong to the group of sterols and have a lipophilic character. It is surprising that they were isolated from the ethanol extract, typical of polypheno ...
... n-hexane extract on silica gel (Silica Gel G) TLC plates using the optimized solvent system toluen/ethyl acetate (3:1; v/v). Both isolated compounds belong to the group of sterols and have a lipophilic character. It is surprising that they were isolated from the ethanol extract, typical of polypheno ...
alters cell wall construction
... Cadmium (Cd), one of the most toxic heavy metals, inhibits many cellular and physiological processes in plants. Here, the involvement of cytoplasmic Ca2+ gradient and actin filaments (AFs) in vesicular trafficking, cell wall deposition and tip growth was investigated during root (hair) development of ...
... Cadmium (Cd), one of the most toxic heavy metals, inhibits many cellular and physiological processes in plants. Here, the involvement of cytoplasmic Ca2+ gradient and actin filaments (AFs) in vesicular trafficking, cell wall deposition and tip growth was investigated during root (hair) development of ...
Title Soybean extracts increase cell surface ZIP4 abundance and
... increase ZIP4 could potentially enhance zinc absorption by the intestine. In this study, we used mouse Hepa cells, which regulate mouse Zip4 (mZip4) in a manner indistinguishable from that in intestinal enterocytes, to screen for suitable food components able to increase the abundance of ZIP4. Using ...
... increase ZIP4 could potentially enhance zinc absorption by the intestine. In this study, we used mouse Hepa cells, which regulate mouse Zip4 (mZip4) in a manner indistinguishable from that in intestinal enterocytes, to screen for suitable food components able to increase the abundance of ZIP4. Using ...
pdf, 1.5 MB - The Nebenführ Lab
... export sites to the Golgi and from the Golgi to the plasma membrane or vacuole. However, it is unclear whether this traffic is directed, as is the case in animal cells, or whether it occurs by passive diffusion or cytoplasmic streaming (Williamson, 1993). Cytoplasmic streaming is a process found in ...
... export sites to the Golgi and from the Golgi to the plasma membrane or vacuole. However, it is unclear whether this traffic is directed, as is the case in animal cells, or whether it occurs by passive diffusion or cytoplasmic streaming (Williamson, 1993). Cytoplasmic streaming is a process found in ...
Multiple mechanisms determine the order of APC/C substrate
... whereas securin and cyclin B are degraded in metaphase (den Elzen and Pines, 2001; Geley et al., 2001; Hames et al., 2001; Hagting et al., 2002). Ordered degradation is equally prevalent among APC/CCdh1 substrates in anaphase and G1 (Pines, 2006; Sullivan and Morgan, 2007). It is not clear how the s ...
... whereas securin and cyclin B are degraded in metaphase (den Elzen and Pines, 2001; Geley et al., 2001; Hames et al., 2001; Hagting et al., 2002). Ordered degradation is equally prevalent among APC/CCdh1 substrates in anaphase and G1 (Pines, 2006; Sullivan and Morgan, 2007). It is not clear how the s ...
Drac1 and Crumbs in amnioserosa morphogenesis
... Fig. 1. Dorsal views of the amnioserosa showing morphogenesis of this tissue during dorsal closure. Anterior is to the left in this and subsequent figures. Dashed yellow lines demarcate clusters of apically constricted cells. (A,C,E,G) Embryos at progressively later stages of dorsal closure stained ...
... Fig. 1. Dorsal views of the amnioserosa showing morphogenesis of this tissue during dorsal closure. Anterior is to the left in this and subsequent figures. Dashed yellow lines demarcate clusters of apically constricted cells. (A,C,E,G) Embryos at progressively later stages of dorsal closure stained ...
Chapter 4 - A Tour of the Cell 08-09
... Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings ...
... Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings ...
Plasticity in Cell Division Patterns and Auxin
... d Plant Biotechnology Institute, National Research Council of Canada, Saskatoon S7N 0W9, Canada e Molecular and Developmental Genetics, Institute Biology Leiden, Leiden University, 2333 BE Leiden, The Netherlands b Université ...
... d Plant Biotechnology Institute, National Research Council of Canada, Saskatoon S7N 0W9, Canada e Molecular and Developmental Genetics, Institute Biology Leiden, Leiden University, 2333 BE Leiden, The Netherlands b Université ...
p53 Pathway in Renal Cell Carcinoma Is Repressed by a Dominant
... suppressor gene, suggesting that p53 signaling in this tumor type might be repressed by some other mechanism. In fact, all four RCC-derived cell lines we tested maintained wild-type p53 but were not capable of transactivating p53-responsive reporters and endogenous p53-responsive genes. p53 protein ...
... suppressor gene, suggesting that p53 signaling in this tumor type might be repressed by some other mechanism. In fact, all four RCC-derived cell lines we tested maintained wild-type p53 but were not capable of transactivating p53-responsive reporters and endogenous p53-responsive genes. p53 protein ...
2 - Liu Lab
... BET bromodomain inhibitors, which have shown efficacy in several models of cancer4–6, have not been evaluated in TNBC. These inhibitors displace BET bromodomain proteins such as BRD4 from chromatin by competing with their acetyl-lysine recognition modules, leading to inhibition of oncogenic transcri ...
... BET bromodomain inhibitors, which have shown efficacy in several models of cancer4–6, have not been evaluated in TNBC. These inhibitors displace BET bromodomain proteins such as BRD4 from chromatin by competing with their acetyl-lysine recognition modules, leading to inhibition of oncogenic transcri ...
THE ROLE OF PHOSPHODIESTERASES IN CYCLIC NUCLEOTIDE COMPARTMENTATION ACROSS DIFFERENT
... function. Despite this, each signalling molecule and receptor can achieve distinct subcellular effects. This has led to the theory of cyclic nucleotide compartmentation, which has been postulated to be mediated by phosphodiesterases (PDEs). Research in this field has focused on compartmentation usin ...
... function. Despite this, each signalling molecule and receptor can achieve distinct subcellular effects. This has led to the theory of cyclic nucleotide compartmentation, which has been postulated to be mediated by phosphodiesterases (PDEs). Research in this field has focused on compartmentation usin ...
Molecular mechanism of protrusion formation during Listeria Keith Ireton Luciano A. Rigano
... activating N-WASP and/or other effectors (?). (ii). InlC relieves Tuba-mediated inhibition of bacterial spread by blocking N-WASP binding to Tuba SH3-6. In addition, an unknown bacterial factor “X” promotes protrusion formation by reducing Cdc42 activity. (D) Model of tight junction perturbation by ...
... activating N-WASP and/or other effectors (?). (ii). InlC relieves Tuba-mediated inhibition of bacterial spread by blocking N-WASP binding to Tuba SH3-6. In addition, an unknown bacterial factor “X” promotes protrusion formation by reducing Cdc42 activity. (D) Model of tight junction perturbation by ...
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... the early born dI4 and dI5 populations in terrestrial vertebrates (Gross et al., 2002; Mizuguchi et al., 2006; Muller et al., 2002; Wildner et al., 2006). Although the majority of dorsal cell types differentiate as sensory interneurons and sensory-relay neurons, some appear to make cellular contribu ...
... the early born dI4 and dI5 populations in terrestrial vertebrates (Gross et al., 2002; Mizuguchi et al., 2006; Muller et al., 2002; Wildner et al., 2006). Although the majority of dorsal cell types differentiate as sensory interneurons and sensory-relay neurons, some appear to make cellular contribu ...