![Mechanisms of plant spindle formation](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/012818934_1-ee8788efe0e23d67df29018c38812e14-300x300.png)
Isolated Osteoclasts Resorb the Organic and Inorganic Components
... electron microscopy, these cells were seen to have the abundant mitochondria and the extensive membrane ruffling characteristic of osteoclasts (Fig. 2). Binding of osteoclast-specific antibody confirmed that the cells were osteoclasts (Fig. 3). Isolated osteoclasts, incubated with 45Ca o r L-[5-aH]p ...
... electron microscopy, these cells were seen to have the abundant mitochondria and the extensive membrane ruffling characteristic of osteoclasts (Fig. 2). Binding of osteoclast-specific antibody confirmed that the cells were osteoclasts (Fig. 3). Isolated osteoclasts, incubated with 45Ca o r L-[5-aH]p ...
TMBP200, a Microtubule Bundling Polypeptide Isolated from
... et al. 1999), whereas TMBP200 formed three-dimensional bundles. In an earlier electron microscopical study of phragmoplasts, microtubule clusters with a hexagonal arrangement were observed in a transverse section of a developing cell plate (Hepler and Jackson 1968). The hexagonal arrangement is very ...
... et al. 1999), whereas TMBP200 formed three-dimensional bundles. In an earlier electron microscopical study of phragmoplasts, microtubule clusters with a hexagonal arrangement were observed in a transverse section of a developing cell plate (Hepler and Jackson 1968). The hexagonal arrangement is very ...
ZOO-302CR:(1.4)CELL DIVISION AND CELL CYCLE
... Cells grown in culture will rapidly divide until a single layer of cells is spread over the area of the petri dish, after which they will stop dividing If cells are removed, those bordering the open space will begin dividing again and continue to do so until the gap is filled - this is known as cont ...
... Cells grown in culture will rapidly divide until a single layer of cells is spread over the area of the petri dish, after which they will stop dividing If cells are removed, those bordering the open space will begin dividing again and continue to do so until the gap is filled - this is known as cont ...
Development - Columbia University Medical Center
... examination of when and how these profiles of gene expression are established in the telencephalon may reveal how telencephalic cells acquire their early dorsal, intermediate and ventral characters. The diverse and interdependent functions of patterning signals of the HH, WNT, BMP, FGF and retinoid ...
... examination of when and how these profiles of gene expression are established in the telencephalon may reveal how telencephalic cells acquire their early dorsal, intermediate and ventral characters. The diverse and interdependent functions of patterning signals of the HH, WNT, BMP, FGF and retinoid ...
Ion-channel blocker sensitivity of voltage-gated
... Fig. 3. Effect of VGCC blockers on Cch1 activity. Exponentially growing CCH1ox MID1ox cells grown in SD.Ca100 medium at 30 6C were incubated for 2 h with 100 mM 45CaCl2 (185 kBq ml”1; 1.81 kBq nmol”1) and an appropriate blocker, and Ca2+ accumulation was determined as described in Methods. The mean ...
... Fig. 3. Effect of VGCC blockers on Cch1 activity. Exponentially growing CCH1ox MID1ox cells grown in SD.Ca100 medium at 30 6C were incubated for 2 h with 100 mM 45CaCl2 (185 kBq ml”1; 1.81 kBq nmol”1) and an appropriate blocker, and Ca2+ accumulation was determined as described in Methods. The mean ...
From DEPARTMENT OF MEDICAL
... The degeneration of midbrain dopaminergic (mDA) neurons accounts for some of the main motor symptoms of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Efforts during the last decades have focused on understanding how mDA neurons are generated and maintained with the hope of developing novel stem cell-based replacement t ...
... The degeneration of midbrain dopaminergic (mDA) neurons accounts for some of the main motor symptoms of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Efforts during the last decades have focused on understanding how mDA neurons are generated and maintained with the hope of developing novel stem cell-based replacement t ...
Pathway in Gliomas Cannabinoids Inhibit the Vascular Endothelial
... their antiangiogenic action is still unknown. Because the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathway plays a critical role in tumor angiogenesis, here we studied whether cannabinoids affect it. As a first approach, cDNA array analysis showed that cannabinoid administration to mice bearing s.c ...
... their antiangiogenic action is still unknown. Because the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathway plays a critical role in tumor angiogenesis, here we studied whether cannabinoids affect it. As a first approach, cDNA array analysis showed that cannabinoid administration to mice bearing s.c ...
Virus-induced hepatocellular carcinomas cause antigen
... T cell surveillance is often effective against virus-associated tumors because of their high immunogenicity. It is not clear why surveillance occasionally fails, particularly against hepatitis B virus– or hepatitis C virus–associated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We established a transgenic murine ...
... T cell surveillance is often effective against virus-associated tumors because of their high immunogenicity. It is not clear why surveillance occasionally fails, particularly against hepatitis B virus– or hepatitis C virus–associated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We established a transgenic murine ...
Mitochondria as signaling organelles R E V I E W Open Access
... and adaptive immune responses, stem cell proliferation and differentiation, and hormone signaling [24-28]. A scientific colleague and friend once quipped, ‘If you don’t have a mechanism just say it is ROS’. There is some justification for this remark, since ROS have been linked to a wide variety of ...
... and adaptive immune responses, stem cell proliferation and differentiation, and hormone signaling [24-28]. A scientific colleague and friend once quipped, ‘If you don’t have a mechanism just say it is ROS’. There is some justification for this remark, since ROS have been linked to a wide variety of ...
NUCLEAR PROTEIN KINASE ACTIVITIES DURING THE CELL
... There is extensive experimental evidence that suggests a role for components of the non-histone chromosomal proteins in the regulation of eukaryotic gene expression [1--10]. Many of the non-histone chromosomal proteins are phosphoproteins and modifications in their phosphate metabolism have been ass ...
... There is extensive experimental evidence that suggests a role for components of the non-histone chromosomal proteins in the regulation of eukaryotic gene expression [1--10]. Many of the non-histone chromosomal proteins are phosphoproteins and modifications in their phosphate metabolism have been ass ...
Hormonal regulation of stem cell maintenance in roots
... The root structure of plants is formed by a balance between cell division and differentiation. There are groups of undifferentiated meristematic cells which have the potential to divide, and they are called initials or stem cells. The mitotically less active QC is surrounded by the initial cells, wh ...
... The root structure of plants is formed by a balance between cell division and differentiation. There are groups of undifferentiated meristematic cells which have the potential to divide, and they are called initials or stem cells. The mitotically less active QC is surrounded by the initial cells, wh ...
NuMA assembles into an extensive filamentous structure when
... Intracellular localization of expressed human NuMA in the hamster cell line BHK-21 was determined following procedures outlined by Compton et al. (1991). Cells growing on glass coverslips were extracted and fixed by immersing the coverslips in microtubule stabilizing buffer (MTSB: 4 M glycerol, 100 ...
... Intracellular localization of expressed human NuMA in the hamster cell line BHK-21 was determined following procedures outlined by Compton et al. (1991). Cells growing on glass coverslips were extracted and fixed by immersing the coverslips in microtubule stabilizing buffer (MTSB: 4 M glycerol, 100 ...
the Cell
... • For a reaction to occur, the appropriate reactants must collide with and bind to a particular enzyme • The frequency of such collisions is greatly increased by higher concentrations of enzymes and reactants • As cell size increases, the number of molecules increase proportionately with volume © 20 ...
... • For a reaction to occur, the appropriate reactants must collide with and bind to a particular enzyme • The frequency of such collisions is greatly increased by higher concentrations of enzymes and reactants • As cell size increases, the number of molecules increase proportionately with volume © 20 ...
Support Material
... The present syllabus reinforces the ideas introduced till the secondary classes. It provides the students with new concepts along with an extended exposure to contemporary areas of the subject. The syllabus also aims at emphasizing on the underlying principles that are common to both animals and pla ...
... The present syllabus reinforces the ideas introduced till the secondary classes. It provides the students with new concepts along with an extended exposure to contemporary areas of the subject. The syllabus also aims at emphasizing on the underlying principles that are common to both animals and pla ...
Wingless mutation in Drosophila melanogaster
... either as homozygote or in trans with the lethal alleles wg1–1 or wgl–6 indicated that there are two separate temperature sensitive lethal phases, one embryonic and another late larval/pupal. Further, for the embryonic development, temperatures upto 20°C were found to be permissive whereas 16°–18°C ...
... either as homozygote or in trans with the lethal alleles wg1–1 or wgl–6 indicated that there are two separate temperature sensitive lethal phases, one embryonic and another late larval/pupal. Further, for the embryonic development, temperatures upto 20°C were found to be permissive whereas 16°–18°C ...
Viruses
... important role in the clinical virology laboratory. Molecular techniques can be divided into two categories: Those that do not involve amplification, i.e., hybridisation with nucleic acid probes and those that involve amplification, e.g., PCR, LCR, NASBA, etc. Nucleic acid probes are segments of DNA ...
... important role in the clinical virology laboratory. Molecular techniques can be divided into two categories: Those that do not involve amplification, i.e., hybridisation with nucleic acid probes and those that involve amplification, e.g., PCR, LCR, NASBA, etc. Nucleic acid probes are segments of DNA ...
Inhibition of virulence factor expression and swarming differentiation
... The anti-swarming agent p-nitrophenylglycerol (PNPG) has long been used to aid the isolation of small numbers of many different pathogenic bacteria from specimens contaminated with swarming strains of Proteus spp. [15±18]. The conventional anti-swarming agents, such as sodium azide or bile salts, ar ...
... The anti-swarming agent p-nitrophenylglycerol (PNPG) has long been used to aid the isolation of small numbers of many different pathogenic bacteria from specimens contaminated with swarming strains of Proteus spp. [15±18]. The conventional anti-swarming agents, such as sodium azide or bile salts, ar ...
Neurotoxin-induced degeneration of dopamine neurons
... of dopamine neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (1). Although rare genetic forms of PD have been identified (2, 3), the molecular determinants of dopamine neuron vulnerability and cell death in the majority of PD cases remain as yet ill defined. Current hypotheses involve environmental tox ...
... of dopamine neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (1). Although rare genetic forms of PD have been identified (2, 3), the molecular determinants of dopamine neuron vulnerability and cell death in the majority of PD cases remain as yet ill defined. Current hypotheses involve environmental tox ...
The biochemistry of differentiation of mouse
... allowed to swell and enlarge by overnight culture in White's medium (Knowland & Graham, 1972). Further development of blastocysts in vitro was effected by culture in Eagle's medium as modified by Vogt & Dulbecco (1963), made up with four times glass-distilled water and supplemented with 10% foetal c ...
... allowed to swell and enlarge by overnight culture in White's medium (Knowland & Graham, 1972). Further development of blastocysts in vitro was effected by culture in Eagle's medium as modified by Vogt & Dulbecco (1963), made up with four times glass-distilled water and supplemented with 10% foetal c ...
Macrophage- and dendritic cell–dependent
... the MZ express phenotypic markers typically associated with macrophages and have been referred to as myeloid DCs.9 In vitro–derived myeloid DCs initiate humoral immune responses in mice to TI antigens, expressed by the intact gram-positive extracellular bacteria Streptococcus pneumoniae.10 Recently, ...
... the MZ express phenotypic markers typically associated with macrophages and have been referred to as myeloid DCs.9 In vitro–derived myeloid DCs initiate humoral immune responses in mice to TI antigens, expressed by the intact gram-positive extracellular bacteria Streptococcus pneumoniae.10 Recently, ...
Innate response to human cytomegalovirus pathogenesis of atherosclerosis
... enterica-infection of MΦ it has been shown that IFN-γ promotes intracellular killing of the bacteria and that response is defective in MΦ from patients with IFN-γ receptor deficiency [23, 24]. Coxiella burnetii is an intracellular bacterium that causes the Q fever, an infective endocarditis. Patient ...
... enterica-infection of MΦ it has been shown that IFN-γ promotes intracellular killing of the bacteria and that response is defective in MΦ from patients with IFN-γ receptor deficiency [23, 24]. Coxiella burnetii is an intracellular bacterium that causes the Q fever, an infective endocarditis. Patient ...
Breakdown of Tolerance to a Neo
... APC activity of B cells transgenically expressing HEL Abs When expressing specific Ab on their surface, B cells become exceedingly efficient APCs for the corresponding Ag (18, 19). Therefore, we hypothesized that the breakdown of tolerance in Dbl-Tg mice is due to the APC activity of B cells of thes ...
... APC activity of B cells transgenically expressing HEL Abs When expressing specific Ab on their surface, B cells become exceedingly efficient APCs for the corresponding Ag (18, 19). Therefore, we hypothesized that the breakdown of tolerance in Dbl-Tg mice is due to the APC activity of B cells of thes ...
Gene Section PAWR (PRKC apoptosis WT1 regulator protein) in Oncology and Haematology
... required for apoptosis by Par-4/PAWR or the SAC domain. Par-4/PAWR has been shown to be involved in suppression of transformation by down-regulation of Ras. Overexpression of Par-4/PAWR results in apoptosis of cells expressing oncogenic Ras. Several partner proteins of Par-4/PAWR have been identifie ...
... required for apoptosis by Par-4/PAWR or the SAC domain. Par-4/PAWR has been shown to be involved in suppression of transformation by down-regulation of Ras. Overexpression of Par-4/PAWR results in apoptosis of cells expressing oncogenic Ras. Several partner proteins of Par-4/PAWR have been identifie ...
Cell culture
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Cell_Culture_in_a_tiny_Petri_dish.jpg?width=300)
Cell culture is the process by which cells are grown under controlled conditions, generally outside of their natural environment. In practice, the term ""cell culture"" now refers to the culturing of cells derived from multicellular eukaryotes, especially animal cells, in contrast with other types of culture that also grow cells, such as plant tissue culture, fungal culture, and microbiological culture (of microbes). The historical development and methods of cell culture are closely interrelated to those of tissue culture and organ culture. Viral culture is also related, with cells as hosts for the viruses. The laboratory technique of maintaining live cell lines (a population of cells descended from a single cell and containing the same genetic makeup) separated from their original tissue source became more robust in the middle 20th century.