Inhibition of Golgi function causes plastid starch accumulation
... were required to remove the Golgi apparatus completely. Further treatment led to continued growth of starch granules which were significantly larger after 3 h of incubation in BFA (Fig. 1D). Small isodiametric cells tended to show larger starch granules (Fig. 1E, F) than larger elongated cells (Fig. ...
... were required to remove the Golgi apparatus completely. Further treatment led to continued growth of starch granules which were significantly larger after 3 h of incubation in BFA (Fig. 1D). Small isodiametric cells tended to show larger starch granules (Fig. 1E, F) than larger elongated cells (Fig. ...
pepsin derived soluble bovine collagen
... + Sterile filtered solution in 0.01 N HCI pH2 At pH7 the collagen forms a gel, making it ideal to create 3D scaffolds for culturing or coating plates to increase cell adhesion. ...
... + Sterile filtered solution in 0.01 N HCI pH2 At pH7 the collagen forms a gel, making it ideal to create 3D scaffolds for culturing or coating plates to increase cell adhesion. ...
Interpretation of bafilomycin, pH neutralizing or protease inhibitor
... re-use. By now it has become widely accepted that analyzing the number of autophagy-related structures alone is an inadequate measure of autophagic degradation activity (flux), as increased autophagosome numbers can reflect both their accelerated generation or decreased clearence. Similarly, the num ...
... re-use. By now it has become widely accepted that analyzing the number of autophagy-related structures alone is an inadequate measure of autophagic degradation activity (flux), as increased autophagosome numbers can reflect both their accelerated generation or decreased clearence. Similarly, the num ...
r-Gir - Microbiology
... although we can infer that the polarized distribution of actin is likely to be significant in the polarized growth process it is still not clear what enables actin to become polymerized at one end of a cell or how specific cytos keletal-binding proteins become inserted in the membrane at a distinct ...
... although we can infer that the polarized distribution of actin is likely to be significant in the polarized growth process it is still not clear what enables actin to become polymerized at one end of a cell or how specific cytos keletal-binding proteins become inserted in the membrane at a distinct ...
Chapter 9 Muscle
... The T-tubules are in intimate contact 親密的接觸 with the lateral sacs of the SR, connected by structures known as junctional feet 連接足 or “foot proteins” 足蛋白 ...
... The T-tubules are in intimate contact 親密的接觸 with the lateral sacs of the SR, connected by structures known as junctional feet 連接足 or “foot proteins” 足蛋白 ...
Membrane Systems of Crab Fibers Departments of Biochemistry and
... do not know, although we suggest a mechanical function. There is not space to bring out all the relationships between these results and morphological results on other arthropod muscles. Since the disagreements may be more important for consideration than the agreements, perhaps some of these might b ...
... do not know, although we suggest a mechanical function. There is not space to bring out all the relationships between these results and morphological results on other arthropod muscles. Since the disagreements may be more important for consideration than the agreements, perhaps some of these might b ...
Materials - HAL
... (PTK) and protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) activities (for a review, see Neel and Tonks, 1997). Since any misregulation can lead to severe disease, these activities must be tightly regulated (Hunter, 1997; Zhang, 2001). Relatively little is known about the function and regulation of PTPs. Like for ...
... (PTK) and protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) activities (for a review, see Neel and Tonks, 1997). Since any misregulation can lead to severe disease, these activities must be tightly regulated (Hunter, 1997; Zhang, 2001). Relatively little is known about the function and regulation of PTPs. Like for ...
Surface Infrared Spectroscopic Study of ATP Synthesis in Mitochondria
... Mitochondria play key roles in cell metabolism [1] and programmed cell death [2]. The essential function of mitochondria is the synthesis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) from adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and phosphate (Pi) through the oxidative phosphorylation (Fig. 1a). Recently, evaluation of drug- ...
... Mitochondria play key roles in cell metabolism [1] and programmed cell death [2]. The essential function of mitochondria is the synthesis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) from adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and phosphate (Pi) through the oxidative phosphorylation (Fig. 1a). Recently, evaluation of drug- ...
Bacterial toxins modifying the actin cytoskeleton
... which is closely related to ToxB (88% amino acid sequence identity and immunological cross reactions between the two toxins) and a hemorrhagic toxin (HT). C. novyi is an etiological agent of gangrene with major edema. The main toxin produced is the alpha toxin. The large clostridial toxins have a co ...
... which is closely related to ToxB (88% amino acid sequence identity and immunological cross reactions between the two toxins) and a hemorrhagic toxin (HT). C. novyi is an etiological agent of gangrene with major edema. The main toxin produced is the alpha toxin. The large clostridial toxins have a co ...
Lectures 1 and 2
... interchangeably. Includes monosaccharides, oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, and derivatives of these compounds. Carbohydrates consist of “hydrated carbon”, [CH2O]n ...
... interchangeably. Includes monosaccharides, oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, and derivatives of these compounds. Carbohydrates consist of “hydrated carbon”, [CH2O]n ...
The first cell fate specification event in mouse development
... After ovulation, the mouse oocyte travels through the oviduct. Embryonic development starts when the oocyte is fertilized by a sperm cell. The male and female genomes merge and the zygote initiates ...
... After ovulation, the mouse oocyte travels through the oviduct. Embryonic development starts when the oocyte is fertilized by a sperm cell. The male and female genomes merge and the zygote initiates ...
EFFECTS OF NANO-SECOND PULSED ELECTRIC FIELDS (nsPEF) ON HUMAN PROSTATE CANCER
... manipulate structures inside cells is barely five years old, but it is fast-growing. Bioelectric processes control the ion transport processes across membranes, and are the basis for information transfer along the neurons. Applications of nanosecond high intensity pulsed electric fields (nsPEF) on u ...
... manipulate structures inside cells is barely five years old, but it is fast-growing. Bioelectric processes control the ion transport processes across membranes, and are the basis for information transfer along the neurons. Applications of nanosecond high intensity pulsed electric fields (nsPEF) on u ...
Regulated adhesion as a driving force of gastrulation movements
... often used to measure relative ‘adhesiveness’ between cells, because cells with higher affinity end up in the centre of reaggregates, surrounded by cells with lower affinity (Steinberg, 2007). Several variants of the assay exist, for instance, incubating cells in ‘hanging drops’ or re-transplanting ...
... often used to measure relative ‘adhesiveness’ between cells, because cells with higher affinity end up in the centre of reaggregates, surrounded by cells with lower affinity (Steinberg, 2007). Several variants of the assay exist, for instance, incubating cells in ‘hanging drops’ or re-transplanting ...
The Nucleolus under Stress
... et al., 2007; Sirri et al., 2008) (Figure 1B). The morphology and size of nucleoli are linked to nucleolar activity, which in turn depends on cell growth and metabolism. Reorganization of the Nucleolus under Stress The varied effects on ribosome subunit production and cell growth induced by differen ...
... et al., 2007; Sirri et al., 2008) (Figure 1B). The morphology and size of nucleoli are linked to nucleolar activity, which in turn depends on cell growth and metabolism. Reorganization of the Nucleolus under Stress The varied effects on ribosome subunit production and cell growth induced by differen ...
Review
... (A) The cytoplasmic Ca2+ level is low in resting cells. Cytoplasmic [Ca2+] is maintained at ?100 nM by extrusion via plasma membrane Ca2+ ATPase (PMCA) and smooth endoplasmic reticular Ca2+ ATPase (SERCA) transporters. The Na/Ca exchanger (NCX), a major secondary regulator of [Ca2+], is electrogenic ...
... (A) The cytoplasmic Ca2+ level is low in resting cells. Cytoplasmic [Ca2+] is maintained at ?100 nM by extrusion via plasma membrane Ca2+ ATPase (PMCA) and smooth endoplasmic reticular Ca2+ ATPase (SERCA) transporters. The Na/Ca exchanger (NCX), a major secondary regulator of [Ca2+], is electrogenic ...
Nitrogen deficiency inhibits leaf blade growth in Lolium
... The epidermis of grass leaf blade is a model system of choice for unravelling cellular processes underlying growth responses. This is because of the presence of a developmental gradient along the leaf axis that spatially separates cell proliferation from cell expansion and maturation, allowing thus ...
... The epidermis of grass leaf blade is a model system of choice for unravelling cellular processes underlying growth responses. This is because of the presence of a developmental gradient along the leaf axis that spatially separates cell proliferation from cell expansion and maturation, allowing thus ...
Calcium Signaling. Cell 131: 1047
... (A) The cytoplasmic Ca2+ level is low in resting cells. Cytoplasmic [Ca2+] is maintained at ?100 nM by extrusion via plasma membrane Ca2+ ATPase (PMCA) and smooth endoplasmic reticular Ca2+ ATPase (SERCA) transporters. The Na/Ca exchanger (NCX), a major secondary regulator of [Ca2+], is electrogenic ...
... (A) The cytoplasmic Ca2+ level is low in resting cells. Cytoplasmic [Ca2+] is maintained at ?100 nM by extrusion via plasma membrane Ca2+ ATPase (PMCA) and smooth endoplasmic reticular Ca2+ ATPase (SERCA) transporters. The Na/Ca exchanger (NCX), a major secondary regulator of [Ca2+], is electrogenic ...
Author`s personal copy
... (Newport and Kirschner, 1982a; Vastag et al., 2011). In Drosophila embryos it is thought that cell cycle lengthening during cycles 10–13 (prior to the MBT at cycle 14) is provoked by depletion of cyclins A and B which causes an initial slowing of DNA replication that in turn activates chk1/grapes to ...
... (Newport and Kirschner, 1982a; Vastag et al., 2011). In Drosophila embryos it is thought that cell cycle lengthening during cycles 10–13 (prior to the MBT at cycle 14) is provoked by depletion of cyclins A and B which causes an initial slowing of DNA replication that in turn activates chk1/grapes to ...