Left–right asymmetry: cilia stir up new surprises in the node
... Cilia are microtubule-based hair-like organelles that project from the surface of most eukaryotic cells. They play critical roles in cellular motility, fluid transport and a variety of signal transduction pathways. While we have a good appreciation of the mechanisms of ciliary biogenesis and the det ...
... Cilia are microtubule-based hair-like organelles that project from the surface of most eukaryotic cells. They play critical roles in cellular motility, fluid transport and a variety of signal transduction pathways. While we have a good appreciation of the mechanisms of ciliary biogenesis and the det ...
Fighting Viral Infections and Virus
... to the above-described differentiation lineages is not an irreversible program in CD4+ T cell development. Indeed, recent evidence indicates that some CD4+ T cells maintain a certain degree of plasticity, which allows the acquisition of characteristics of alternative lineages upon antigen restimulat ...
... to the above-described differentiation lineages is not an irreversible program in CD4+ T cell development. Indeed, recent evidence indicates that some CD4+ T cells maintain a certain degree of plasticity, which allows the acquisition of characteristics of alternative lineages upon antigen restimulat ...
Morphine: CYP2D6 Modulation Human White Blood Cells Synthesize
... purchased from BD Biosciences Clontech. The medium containing the PMN was then separated after and before precursor exposure at varying concentrations for 1 h. Cells were washed and the endogenous morphine content was determined. ...
... purchased from BD Biosciences Clontech. The medium containing the PMN was then separated after and before precursor exposure at varying concentrations for 1 h. Cells were washed and the endogenous morphine content was determined. ...
Understanding complex host-microbe interactions in hydra
... mammalian intestinal tract is essentially a tube16 with the epithelium, here termed the mucosa, being responsible for the processing and absorption of nutrients. The intestinal epithelium renews every 5 d and is fueled by proliferative stem cells that differentiate into absorptive enterocytes and th ...
... mammalian intestinal tract is essentially a tube16 with the epithelium, here termed the mucosa, being responsible for the processing and absorption of nutrients. The intestinal epithelium renews every 5 d and is fueled by proliferative stem cells that differentiate into absorptive enterocytes and th ...
BIO3420.2010.8 Circulatory Systems 25 and
... particularly in the ascending aorta, laminar flow can be disrupted and become turbulent. When this occurs, blood does not flow linearly and smoothly in adjacent layers, but instead the flow can be described as being chaotic. Turbulent flow also occurs in large arteries at branch points, in diseased ...
... particularly in the ascending aorta, laminar flow can be disrupted and become turbulent. When this occurs, blood does not flow linearly and smoothly in adjacent layers, but instead the flow can be described as being chaotic. Turbulent flow also occurs in large arteries at branch points, in diseased ...
Functions of the Cdc14-Family Phosphatase Clp1p in the Cell Cycle
... CDK inactivation is degradation of the mitotic cyclin; expression of non- degradable cyclins prevents mitotic exit and cytokinesis in a variety of organisms (Surana et aI., 1993; Wheatley et aI. , 1997; Yamano et aI. , 1996). The mitotic cyclin is ubiquitinated ...
... CDK inactivation is degradation of the mitotic cyclin; expression of non- degradable cyclins prevents mitotic exit and cytokinesis in a variety of organisms (Surana et aI., 1993; Wheatley et aI. , 1997; Yamano et aI. , 1996). The mitotic cyclin is ubiquitinated ...
Regulators of Lysosome Function and Dynamics in Caenorhabditis
... only the clh-6 cross gave F1 worms with the cup-12 mutant bright coelomocyte GFP defect. Indeed, a clh-6(gk248753); Pmyo-3::ssGFP strain showed the same Cup phenotype as cup12; Pmyo-3::ssGFP. Furthermore, RNAi of clh-6, but not of Y108G3AL.3 or gcy-14, yielded the cup-12 mutant bright-coelomocyte de ...
... only the clh-6 cross gave F1 worms with the cup-12 mutant bright coelomocyte GFP defect. Indeed, a clh-6(gk248753); Pmyo-3::ssGFP strain showed the same Cup phenotype as cup12; Pmyo-3::ssGFP. Furthermore, RNAi of clh-6, but not of Y108G3AL.3 or gcy-14, yielded the cup-12 mutant bright-coelomocyte de ...
- University of East Anglia
... In vertebrate embryos, segmentation of the paraxial mesoderm generates paired somites on either side of the neural tube. Initially, the somite consists of columnar epithelial cells with a central cavity (the somitocoel) and is surrounded by extracellular matrix that forms a basement membrane. Upon d ...
... In vertebrate embryos, segmentation of the paraxial mesoderm generates paired somites on either side of the neural tube. Initially, the somite consists of columnar epithelial cells with a central cavity (the somitocoel) and is surrounded by extracellular matrix that forms a basement membrane. Upon d ...
Transduction Cascade In Myeloid Cells: A Novel Cytokine Signal
... Reagents and DNA vectors Purified recombinant human cytokines were purchased from BioSource International (Camarillo, CA). Protein kinase inhibitors H-7 and HA1004 were purchased from Biomol (Plymouth Meeting, PA). The PKC inhibitor bisindolylmaleimide I was purchased from two sources. The bisindoly ...
... Reagents and DNA vectors Purified recombinant human cytokines were purchased from BioSource International (Camarillo, CA). Protein kinase inhibitors H-7 and HA1004 were purchased from Biomol (Plymouth Meeting, PA). The PKC inhibitor bisindolylmaleimide I was purchased from two sources. The bisindoly ...
Powerpoint
... Oxidation of lipoproteins plays a pivotal role in the development of atherosclerotic lesions. Levels of IsoPs in oxidized LDL correlate with other markers of lipid peroxidation. Risk factors for atherosclerosis are associated with increased levels of IsoPs in vivo in humans. ...
... Oxidation of lipoproteins plays a pivotal role in the development of atherosclerotic lesions. Levels of IsoPs in oxidized LDL correlate with other markers of lipid peroxidation. Risk factors for atherosclerosis are associated with increased levels of IsoPs in vivo in humans. ...
Erythropoietin critically regulates the terminal
... mature over developmental time (Figure 5A and B). The persistence of some Epor-null primitive erythroblasts allowed us to analyze their maturational status, compared to wild-type littermate controls. After excluding cells with apoptotic morphology, we observed that Epor-null primitive erythroblasts ...
... mature over developmental time (Figure 5A and B). The persistence of some Epor-null primitive erythroblasts allowed us to analyze their maturational status, compared to wild-type littermate controls. After excluding cells with apoptotic morphology, we observed that Epor-null primitive erythroblasts ...
alters cell wall construction
... secretory vesicles that accumulate beneath the plasma membrane and undergo fusion with the plasma membrane in fast -growing cells (Ovecka et al., 2005; Bove et al., 2008). Many cellular elements are considered crucial molecular players in triggering these fusion events, such as the Ca2+ gradient, ac ...
... secretory vesicles that accumulate beneath the plasma membrane and undergo fusion with the plasma membrane in fast -growing cells (Ovecka et al., 2005; Bove et al., 2008). Many cellular elements are considered crucial molecular players in triggering these fusion events, such as the Ca2+ gradient, ac ...
effects of light on photosynthesis, grazing, and population dynamics
... over 3 days to light intensities of 0, 50, 100, 200, and 400 mol photonsm2s1 on a 12:12-h LD cycle. On the fourth day each culture was diluted with FASW and fed with R. sp. to reach an initial concentration of 8000 PfiestmL1 and 60,000 RhodmL1 in a 50-mL volume. Controls consisted of tripli ...
... over 3 days to light intensities of 0, 50, 100, 200, and 400 mol photonsm2s1 on a 12:12-h LD cycle. On the fourth day each culture was diluted with FASW and fed with R. sp. to reach an initial concentration of 8000 PfiestmL1 and 60,000 RhodmL1 in a 50-mL volume. Controls consisted of tripli ...
Echinoderm enteric nervous system
... in asteroids and crinoids and is absent from the other groups. However, this simplified division of the echinoderm nervous system does not allow for numerous reports that have appeared during the last decade showing unexpected nervous system components that do not correspond clearly with the three d ...
... in asteroids and crinoids and is absent from the other groups. However, this simplified division of the echinoderm nervous system does not allow for numerous reports that have appeared during the last decade showing unexpected nervous system components that do not correspond clearly with the three d ...
Short-Lived and Phosphorylated Proteins
... 20 mm Mes and adjusted to pH 5.7 by KOH. In the experiments designed for exploring the effects of increasing pHe, Mes concentration in the buffer was lowered to 1 mm (low-Mes uptake buffer). Exponential phase cells from a 100-mL stock suspension were filtered, resuspended in the same volume of uptak ...
... 20 mm Mes and adjusted to pH 5.7 by KOH. In the experiments designed for exploring the effects of increasing pHe, Mes concentration in the buffer was lowered to 1 mm (low-Mes uptake buffer). Exponential phase cells from a 100-mL stock suspension were filtered, resuspended in the same volume of uptak ...
Novel Regulators of Vascular Development in Arabidopsis
... Scheres et al., 1995). As described previously, the cytokinin signal is transduced via phosphotransfer from AHKs to ARABIDOPSIS HISTIDINE PHOSPHOTRANSFER PROTEIN (AHP). The quintuple AHP mutant ahp1 ahp2 ahp3 ahp4 ahp5 exhibits the extra protoxylem phenotype similar to that of ahk. (Hutchison et al. ...
... Scheres et al., 1995). As described previously, the cytokinin signal is transduced via phosphotransfer from AHKs to ARABIDOPSIS HISTIDINE PHOSPHOTRANSFER PROTEIN (AHP). The quintuple AHP mutant ahp1 ahp2 ahp3 ahp4 ahp5 exhibits the extra protoxylem phenotype similar to that of ahk. (Hutchison et al. ...
View/Open - Queen Mary University of London
... specimen shows columnar metaplasia across the gastro-oesophageal junction (arrows) and a nodular OAC (arrowhead). The rectangular box indicates the longitudinal strip that was sampled. (B) H&E-stained cryostat section (left) of the longitudinal strip across the gastro-oesophageal junction reveals co ...
... specimen shows columnar metaplasia across the gastro-oesophageal junction (arrows) and a nodular OAC (arrowhead). The rectangular box indicates the longitudinal strip that was sampled. (B) H&E-stained cryostat section (left) of the longitudinal strip across the gastro-oesophageal junction reveals co ...
The Phylogenetic Position of Entoprocta
... by one cell, along the mantle edges; a short ventral side, as shown by the ontogeny (Nielsen, 1991); and two coelomic systems in the lophophore, a large brachial canal which is restricted to the base of the lophophore and a small brachial canal which sends a canal into each tentacle and which repres ...
... by one cell, along the mantle edges; a short ventral side, as shown by the ontogeny (Nielsen, 1991); and two coelomic systems in the lophophore, a large brachial canal which is restricted to the base of the lophophore and a small brachial canal which sends a canal into each tentacle and which repres ...
a PDF of this article. - Journal of Invasive Cardiology
... atrium. Once the entire disc is deployed, the delivery cable is then pushed toward the septum to approximate the two discs of the device to each other. The mechanism for deployment of the Helex device is outlined in Figures 3 and 4. Echocardiography and cine fluoroscopy should be used to document an ...
... atrium. Once the entire disc is deployed, the delivery cable is then pushed toward the septum to approximate the two discs of the device to each other. The mechanism for deployment of the Helex device is outlined in Figures 3 and 4. Echocardiography and cine fluoroscopy should be used to document an ...
PDF
... (Huillard et al., 2005) or mouse embryos (Kuribayashi et al., 2014) leads to a loss or increase in the number of Müller glia, respectively. However, these studies concluded that the effects of BMP were on the retinal progenitors rather than on Müller glia. We have therefore analyzed the time course ...
... (Huillard et al., 2005) or mouse embryos (Kuribayashi et al., 2014) leads to a loss or increase in the number of Müller glia, respectively. However, these studies concluded that the effects of BMP were on the retinal progenitors rather than on Müller glia. We have therefore analyzed the time course ...
Bacterial chromosome segregation
... defined time in the cell cycle and at the single, defined site on the chromosome, the replication origin oriC. The oriC region usually contains binding sites for the initiator protein DnaA (DnaA boxes) and repeats of an AT-rich sequence (13-mers) (reviewed by Thomas & Jagura-Burdzy, 1991). The chrom ...
... defined time in the cell cycle and at the single, defined site on the chromosome, the replication origin oriC. The oriC region usually contains binding sites for the initiator protein DnaA (DnaA boxes) and repeats of an AT-rich sequence (13-mers) (reviewed by Thomas & Jagura-Burdzy, 1991). The chrom ...
A Lipid Transfer–like Protein Is Necessary for Lily
... adhesive nature of the transmitting tract or its secretions until recently. This is probably due to the fact that chemical fixation can remove or disrupt the adhesive components, and the result is that pollen tubes appear to grow in a fluid matrix separated from the transmitting tract cells of hollo ...
... adhesive nature of the transmitting tract or its secretions until recently. This is probably due to the fact that chemical fixation can remove or disrupt the adhesive components, and the result is that pollen tubes appear to grow in a fluid matrix separated from the transmitting tract cells of hollo ...
Transforming growth factor–1 in supernatants from stored red blood
... Consistent with the possible increased risk of postoperative infections in transfusion patients, various studies suggest that transfusions can induce immunomodulatory effects, including transient reduction in the CD4/CD8 T-cell ratio, reduced natural killer function, impaired lymphocyte mitogenic re ...
... Consistent with the possible increased risk of postoperative infections in transfusion patients, various studies suggest that transfusions can induce immunomodulatory effects, including transient reduction in the CD4/CD8 T-cell ratio, reduced natural killer function, impaired lymphocyte mitogenic re ...
Transcriptional Regulation of the Human Toll
... flagellin from both Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms (9). The protein product of the TLR2 gene has been implicated in signal transduction events induced by several microbial products (e.g., peptidoglycans, lipopeptides, and lipoarabinomannans) (10 – 17). In contrast to other TLR proteins, T ...
... flagellin from both Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms (9). The protein product of the TLR2 gene has been implicated in signal transduction events induced by several microbial products (e.g., peptidoglycans, lipopeptides, and lipoarabinomannans) (10 – 17). In contrast to other TLR proteins, T ...