Xyloglucan, galactomannan, glucuronoxylan, and
... xyloglucan-specific c(XXT1 and XXT2) have short and thick root hairs that often bulge at their tips (Zabotina et al. 2012), indicating that xyloglucan is required for normal expansion in tip-growing root hairs. A b-GalA-containing xyloglucan was reported to be exclusively present in Arabidopsis thal ...
... xyloglucan-specific c(XXT1 and XXT2) have short and thick root hairs that often bulge at their tips (Zabotina et al. 2012), indicating that xyloglucan is required for normal expansion in tip-growing root hairs. A b-GalA-containing xyloglucan was reported to be exclusively present in Arabidopsis thal ...
Insights into the Role of Specific Lipids in the
... and signal transduction (Simons and Ikonen, 1997; Brown and London, 1998; Keller and Simons, 1998; Simons and Toomre, 2000; Simons and Vaz, 2004; Hancock, 2006). Similar microdomains in the PM of yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) cells, enriched in ergosterol, have also been reported (Bagnat et al., ...
... and signal transduction (Simons and Ikonen, 1997; Brown and London, 1998; Keller and Simons, 1998; Simons and Toomre, 2000; Simons and Vaz, 2004; Hancock, 2006). Similar microdomains in the PM of yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) cells, enriched in ergosterol, have also been reported (Bagnat et al., ...
Protein kinase Ca activation by RET: evidence for a negative
... and GFRa4) gives different ligands the specificity of binding to RET-GFRa complex. The GFRa receptors are linked to the cell membrane via glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchors. This signaling complex is essential for the development of the kidney and some structures of central and peripheral ne ...
... and GFRa4) gives different ligands the specificity of binding to RET-GFRa complex. The GFRa receptors are linked to the cell membrane via glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchors. This signaling complex is essential for the development of the kidney and some structures of central and peripheral ne ...
Full-Text PDF
... The vertebrate hhs were discovered in the early 1990s [44], and SHH rapidly became the centre of attention due to its potential role as a morphogen, a patterning factor that is released from tissues with polarising activity (‘organiser’ regions) and that is able to induce multiple cell fates in a do ...
... The vertebrate hhs were discovered in the early 1990s [44], and SHH rapidly became the centre of attention due to its potential role as a morphogen, a patterning factor that is released from tissues with polarising activity (‘organiser’ regions) and that is able to induce multiple cell fates in a do ...
The maxillary recess of the sphenoid sinus
... bone and thus, it assumes the respective topography. The differential diagnosis with a Haller cell is relevant – the surgical procedures that approach a Haller cell could lead to a misdiagnosed maxillary recess of the sphenoid sinus into the middle nasal meatus. This aspect determined us to consider ...
... bone and thus, it assumes the respective topography. The differential diagnosis with a Haller cell is relevant – the surgical procedures that approach a Haller cell could lead to a misdiagnosed maxillary recess of the sphenoid sinus into the middle nasal meatus. This aspect determined us to consider ...
Page 1 of 12 Learning Modules
... splanchnic nerves: the greater, lesser, least thoracic splanchnic nerves and the lumbar splanchnic nerves. Sacral splanchnic nerves, predominantly postsynaptic, enter pelvic autonomic plexi to reach pelvic viscera. You will encounter the words "splanchnic" or "visceral" in many contexts. "Splanch"is ...
... splanchnic nerves: the greater, lesser, least thoracic splanchnic nerves and the lumbar splanchnic nerves. Sacral splanchnic nerves, predominantly postsynaptic, enter pelvic autonomic plexi to reach pelvic viscera. You will encounter the words "splanchnic" or "visceral" in many contexts. "Splanch"is ...
Granulocyte-Colony Stimulating Factor Therapy to Induce
... Formand for bedømmelsesudvalget: Professor, overlæge, dr.med. Niels Borregaard ...
... Formand for bedømmelsesudvalget: Professor, overlæge, dr.med. Niels Borregaard ...
Differential Subnuclear Localization of RNA Strands of Opposite
... 1984). The circular ()-strand RNA is used as the initial template to synthesize multimeric and linear ( )-strand RNA. The latter then is used as a template to synthesize numerous copies of the multimeric linear ()-strand RNA. These RNAs then are processed into unit-length monomers and circularize ...
... 1984). The circular ()-strand RNA is used as the initial template to synthesize multimeric and linear ( )-strand RNA. The latter then is used as a template to synthesize numerous copies of the multimeric linear ()-strand RNA. These RNAs then are processed into unit-length monomers and circularize ...
Auxin and other signals on the move in plants Auxins are a class of
... (or growing tip) diffuses downwards and inhibits the development of ulterior lateral bud growth, which would otherwise compete with the apical tip for light and nutrients. Removing the apical tip and its suppressive hormone allows the lower dormant lateral buds to develop, and the buds between the l ...
... (or growing tip) diffuses downwards and inhibits the development of ulterior lateral bud growth, which would otherwise compete with the apical tip for light and nutrients. Removing the apical tip and its suppressive hormone allows the lower dormant lateral buds to develop, and the buds between the l ...
Convergent evolution of neural systems in ctenophores
... Ctenophora. Chordates, nematodes, molluscs and arthropods have well-defined CNSs, whereas in other bilaterians (e.g. phoronids, brachipods, Xenoturbellida, Nemertodermatida) the gross anatomical organization of their nervous systems can be similar or even simpler than those in selected cnidarians an ...
... Ctenophora. Chordates, nematodes, molluscs and arthropods have well-defined CNSs, whereas in other bilaterians (e.g. phoronids, brachipods, Xenoturbellida, Nemertodermatida) the gross anatomical organization of their nervous systems can be similar or even simpler than those in selected cnidarians an ...
Organ-Level Quorum Sensing Directs Regeneration in Hair Stem
... injury, while meeting stronger injury with full-scale cooperative activation of stem cells. INTRODUCTION The effective coordination of organ behavior, either under physiological conditions or as a response to injury, is essential for survival. Integration at the level of large-scale organ systems ha ...
... injury, while meeting stronger injury with full-scale cooperative activation of stem cells. INTRODUCTION The effective coordination of organ behavior, either under physiological conditions or as a response to injury, is essential for survival. Integration at the level of large-scale organ systems ha ...
Effects of the regulatory proteins MITF and TFEB on
... target of rapamycin (mTOR) protein kinase complex is often thought of as the main regulator of autophagy (Settembre et al. 2012). This complex comes in two forms, mTORC1 and mTORC2 and both are important in promoting cell growth and proliferation and sensing nutrition availability in the cell. The s ...
... target of rapamycin (mTOR) protein kinase complex is often thought of as the main regulator of autophagy (Settembre et al. 2012). This complex comes in two forms, mTORC1 and mTORC2 and both are important in promoting cell growth and proliferation and sensing nutrition availability in the cell. The s ...
Identification of a cold receptor reveals a general role for TRP
... revealed significantly higher permeability P for calcium ions (PCa/ PNa = 3.2; PK/PNa = 1.1; PCs/PK = 1.2; n = 6) (Fig. 1d). We found these biophysical properties particularly interesting because they are reminiscent of VR1 and other TRP channels26. Room-temperature menthol evoked responses in a dos ...
... revealed significantly higher permeability P for calcium ions (PCa/ PNa = 3.2; PK/PNa = 1.1; PCs/PK = 1.2; n = 6) (Fig. 1d). We found these biophysical properties particularly interesting because they are reminiscent of VR1 and other TRP channels26. Room-temperature menthol evoked responses in a dos ...
AP Biology Unit 3 Introductory PP
... • Protobionts are aggregates of abiotically produced molecules surrounded by a membrane or membrane-like structure • Experiments demonstrate that protobionts could have formed spontaneously from abiotically produced organic compounds • For example, small membrane-bounded droplets called liposomes ca ...
... • Protobionts are aggregates of abiotically produced molecules surrounded by a membrane or membrane-like structure • Experiments demonstrate that protobionts could have formed spontaneously from abiotically produced organic compounds • For example, small membrane-bounded droplets called liposomes ca ...
Biomechanics 2012
... transport system can be illustrated by the fact that unconsciousness will set in already 30-40 seconds after the heart stops to beat and there is a risk of permanent damage in the brain tissues if the heart beat is stopped for more than about 3-4 minutes. But, the circulation of blood to the brain h ...
... transport system can be illustrated by the fact that unconsciousness will set in already 30-40 seconds after the heart stops to beat and there is a risk of permanent damage in the brain tissues if the heart beat is stopped for more than about 3-4 minutes. But, the circulation of blood to the brain h ...
Complement-dependent immune complex-induced - AJP-Lung
... responses in the airway are caused by multiple insults and are the hallmark symptom in asthma. In an acute lung injury model in mice, IgG immune complex deposition elicited severe airway hyperreactivity that peaked by 1 h, was maintained at 4 h, and was resolved by 24 h. The depletion of complement ...
... responses in the airway are caused by multiple insults and are the hallmark symptom in asthma. In an acute lung injury model in mice, IgG immune complex deposition elicited severe airway hyperreactivity that peaked by 1 h, was maintained at 4 h, and was resolved by 24 h. The depletion of complement ...
Multiscale prediction of patient-specific platelet function under flow
... cultured 2 days before the calcium measurements. The cells were washed once using HEPES-buffered saline and incubated with the fluorescent Ca2⫹ indicator Fluo-4NW (Invitrogen) at room temperature for 30 minutes. Fluorescence using Molecular Devices Flex Station III after stimulation with U46619 was ...
... cultured 2 days before the calcium measurements. The cells were washed once using HEPES-buffered saline and incubated with the fluorescent Ca2⫹ indicator Fluo-4NW (Invitrogen) at room temperature for 30 minutes. Fluorescence using Molecular Devices Flex Station III after stimulation with U46619 was ...
Forrest
... The inside of a kidney is called the renal medulla and the outer part of the kidney is called the renal cortex. The work of a kidney takes place inside individual nephrons. The first step of filtering the blood is filtration. In filtration the blood flows into the glomerulus, which is inside the Bow ...
... The inside of a kidney is called the renal medulla and the outer part of the kidney is called the renal cortex. The work of a kidney takes place inside individual nephrons. The first step of filtering the blood is filtration. In filtration the blood flows into the glomerulus, which is inside the Bow ...
THE ROLE OF PHOSPHODIESTERASES IN CYCLIC NUCLEOTIDE COMPARTMENTATION ACROSS DIFFERENT
... synthesis as freely diffusible molecules activates other cellular targets. Often, multiple signalling pathways will exploit a single second messenger. How very different external stimuli, acting through a common signalling mechanism, are discriminated by the cell to create a unique response is a top ...
... synthesis as freely diffusible molecules activates other cellular targets. Often, multiple signalling pathways will exploit a single second messenger. How very different external stimuli, acting through a common signalling mechanism, are discriminated by the cell to create a unique response is a top ...
PDF
... SUMMARY Notch and Wnt are highly conserved signalling pathways that are used repeatedly throughout animal development to generate a diverse array of cell types. However, they often have opposing effects on cell-fate decisions with each pathway promoting an alternate outcome. Commonly, a cell receivi ...
... SUMMARY Notch and Wnt are highly conserved signalling pathways that are used repeatedly throughout animal development to generate a diverse array of cell types. However, they often have opposing effects on cell-fate decisions with each pathway promoting an alternate outcome. Commonly, a cell receivi ...
CDK5 is a major regulator of the tumor suppressor DLC1
... Figure 2. Mapping the DLC1 region required for CDK5 binding; four serines in DLC1 are CDK5 substrates. (A) Schematic representation of full-length WT DLC1 with the location of four serines phosphorylated by CDK5 (DLC1-WT), various DLC1 fragments, and DLC1-4A mutant with the four CDK5 serines mutate ...
... Figure 2. Mapping the DLC1 region required for CDK5 binding; four serines in DLC1 are CDK5 substrates. (A) Schematic representation of full-length WT DLC1 with the location of four serines phosphorylated by CDK5 (DLC1-WT), various DLC1 fragments, and DLC1-4A mutant with the four CDK5 serines mutate ...
Failsafe Mechanisms Coordinate Cell Division and the Initiation of
... protein FtsZ using a genetic approach. This work enhances our understanding of what is critical for FtsZ function in vivo and highlights the need to develop better assays for evaluating FtsZ assembly in ...
... protein FtsZ using a genetic approach. This work enhances our understanding of what is critical for FtsZ function in vivo and highlights the need to develop better assays for evaluating FtsZ assembly in ...
Multicellular Organisms
... Have large projections from each cell which increase the surface area for absorbing water National 4/5 Biology Course Unit 2 ...
... Have large projections from each cell which increase the surface area for absorbing water National 4/5 Biology Course Unit 2 ...
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... Subject Matter Expert for several continuing education organizations covering multiple basic medical sciences. He has also developed several continuing medical education courses covering various topics in clinical medicine. Recently, Dr. Jouria has been contracted by the University of Miami/Jackson ...
... Subject Matter Expert for several continuing education organizations covering multiple basic medical sciences. He has also developed several continuing medical education courses covering various topics in clinical medicine. Recently, Dr. Jouria has been contracted by the University of Miami/Jackson ...
Biofilm exopolysaccharides
... Biofilms probably comprise the normal environment for most microbial cells in many natural and artificial habitats, and as such are complex associations of cells, extracellular products and detritus either trapped within the biofilm or released from cells which have lysed as the biofilm ages (Christ ...
... Biofilms probably comprise the normal environment for most microbial cells in many natural and artificial habitats, and as such are complex associations of cells, extracellular products and detritus either trapped within the biofilm or released from cells which have lysed as the biofilm ages (Christ ...