The iso-response method: measuring neuronal stimulus integration
... respectively, as long as the cells’ firing thresholds, saturation levels, and input sensitivities are such that behaviorally important signal ranges can be encoded. Moreover, this simple example demonstrates that measuring a cell’s input-output relation by changing the total input strength—as often ...
... respectively, as long as the cells’ firing thresholds, saturation levels, and input sensitivities are such that behaviorally important signal ranges can be encoded. Moreover, this simple example demonstrates that measuring a cell’s input-output relation by changing the total input strength—as often ...
Guard cell photosynthesis and stomatal function
... with changing climatic conditions. Knowledge of stomatal function is critical to determine plant responses to environmental stresses, particularly reduced water availability, and is necessary to identify plants with decreased water use that are capable of high yields in more extreme environments (Mo ...
... with changing climatic conditions. Knowledge of stomatal function is critical to determine plant responses to environmental stresses, particularly reduced water availability, and is necessary to identify plants with decreased water use that are capable of high yields in more extreme environments (Mo ...
7th Grade Science Curriculum Regular and Pre
... Teachers will have to adjust time allotments to allow for lost teaching days due to testing or special campus activities. The order of topics may be rearranged or integrated within a grading period, but topics shouldn’t flow into the next grading period. ...
... Teachers will have to adjust time allotments to allow for lost teaching days due to testing or special campus activities. The order of topics may be rearranged or integrated within a grading period, but topics shouldn’t flow into the next grading period. ...
Primary Sinus surgery
... recommended. The frontal recess is the most anterosuperior aspect of the anterior ethmoid sinus that forms the connection with the frontal sinus. The boundaries of the frontal recess are the lamina papyracea laterally, the middle turbinate medially, the posterosuperior wall of the agger nasi cell (w ...
... recommended. The frontal recess is the most anterosuperior aspect of the anterior ethmoid sinus that forms the connection with the frontal sinus. The boundaries of the frontal recess are the lamina papyracea laterally, the middle turbinate medially, the posterosuperior wall of the agger nasi cell (w ...
7th Grade Reg. / PreAP Curriculum
... Teachers will have to adjust time allotments to allow for lost teaching days due to testing or special campus activities. The order of topics may be rearranged or integrated within a grading period, but topics shouldn’t flow into the next grading period. ...
... Teachers will have to adjust time allotments to allow for lost teaching days due to testing or special campus activities. The order of topics may be rearranged or integrated within a grading period, but topics shouldn’t flow into the next grading period. ...
Active Hair Bundle Movements and the Cochlear Amplifier
... imparted by sound (Fig. 1). Measurements from primary afferent neurons demonstrate that the cochlea can be described as a series of highly tuned sensors. Each sensory cell responds with high selectivity and sensitivity to a particular frequency of sound, its characteristic frequency. The organ of Co ...
... imparted by sound (Fig. 1). Measurements from primary afferent neurons demonstrate that the cochlea can be described as a series of highly tuned sensors. Each sensory cell responds with high selectivity and sensitivity to a particular frequency of sound, its characteristic frequency. The organ of Co ...
Vacuolar Sorting Receptor-Mediated Trafficking of Soluble Vacuolar
... Of these multiple routes, the most prominent employs multiple intermediate organelles, i.e., the Golgi apparatus, trans-Golgi network (TGN), and prevacuolar compartment (PVC) [3–9]. In this route, the process of protein trafficking from the ER to the vacuole comprises many distinct steps, each of wh ...
... Of these multiple routes, the most prominent employs multiple intermediate organelles, i.e., the Golgi apparatus, trans-Golgi network (TGN), and prevacuolar compartment (PVC) [3–9]. In this route, the process of protein trafficking from the ER to the vacuole comprises many distinct steps, each of wh ...
Probing for Binding Regions of the FtsZ Protein Surface through Site
... FtsZ with mVenus inserted in the loop at G55-Q56 is fully functional. To identify sites on FtsZ where an FP might be inserted to give a fully functional construct, we first identified sites on a multiple-sequence alignment where FtsZ proteins of some species showed insertion or deletion of 1 or more a ...
... FtsZ with mVenus inserted in the loop at G55-Q56 is fully functional. To identify sites on FtsZ where an FP might be inserted to give a fully functional construct, we first identified sites on a multiple-sequence alignment where FtsZ proteins of some species showed insertion or deletion of 1 or more a ...
Lab Packet - Austin Community College
... Taxonomy and Classification Learn the process of naming and classifying living organisms Learn how to observe and describe sometimes minute details to be able to distinguish between different species Learn to judge whether particular traits are important or unimportant in distinguishing between spec ...
... Taxonomy and Classification Learn the process of naming and classifying living organisms Learn how to observe and describe sometimes minute details to be able to distinguish between different species Learn to judge whether particular traits are important or unimportant in distinguishing between spec ...
biological membranes and membrane transport
... polarized. For example, the intracellular face has negative potential of ~60 mV. 8. Membrane potentials play a key role in transport, energy conversion, and ...
... polarized. For example, the intracellular face has negative potential of ~60 mV. 8. Membrane potentials play a key role in transport, energy conversion, and ...
CASK (LIN2) interacts with Cx43 in wounded skin and their
... immunoprecipitated the most CASK, whereas IF1, an antibody that shows more preference for phosphorylated isoforms, precipitated 84% less (n55, a representative example is shown). Similar results (albeit with fewer repetitions) were obtained with MDCK cells expressing Cx43 (see supplementary material ...
... immunoprecipitated the most CASK, whereas IF1, an antibody that shows more preference for phosphorylated isoforms, precipitated 84% less (n55, a representative example is shown). Similar results (albeit with fewer repetitions) were obtained with MDCK cells expressing Cx43 (see supplementary material ...
1 Expression of Ion Channels in Xenopus Oocytes
... structure with electrophysiological function of a specific channel. The two basic approaches have been to construct defined mutations whose effects are determined by expression in oocytes, and to construct chimeric molecules between two closely related channels or receptors followed by expression in ...
... structure with electrophysiological function of a specific channel. The two basic approaches have been to construct defined mutations whose effects are determined by expression in oocytes, and to construct chimeric molecules between two closely related channels or receptors followed by expression in ...
Bone
... Bone is the hard supporting tissue that is used to make the very many bones of the skeleton: small, large; long, short; flat, rounded Bones come together and are held at joints ...
... Bone is the hard supporting tissue that is used to make the very many bones of the skeleton: small, large; long, short; flat, rounded Bones come together and are held at joints ...
Dendritic amplification of inhibitory postsynaptic potentials in a
... all models, unless otherwise stated. Note that the PC model had only 1% of the number of excitatory synapses impinging on a real PC. Thus, delivering 10 spikes ⁄ s to each AMPA receptor yielded a mean depolarizing postsynaptic current equivalent to a total excitatory input delivered by 147 400 paral ...
... all models, unless otherwise stated. Note that the PC model had only 1% of the number of excitatory synapses impinging on a real PC. Thus, delivering 10 spikes ⁄ s to each AMPA receptor yielded a mean depolarizing postsynaptic current equivalent to a total excitatory input delivered by 147 400 paral ...
MolCellNeuroCBl
... number of agonists, it has been argued that the two processes are closely linked (Alvarez et al., 2002). The case of MD is of particular interest, because it is an alkaloid that induces dependence, but also readily triggers MOR endocytosis. However, the degree of desensitization induced by MD is und ...
... number of agonists, it has been argued that the two processes are closely linked (Alvarez et al., 2002). The case of MD is of particular interest, because it is an alkaloid that induces dependence, but also readily triggers MOR endocytosis. However, the degree of desensitization induced by MD is und ...
Protists - s3.amazonaws.com
... • Protists are eukaryotic organisms that can’t be classified as fungi, plants, or animals • Multicellularity found in some prokaryotes allow cells to specialize, which, in turn, allows for the development of tissues, organs, and organ systems ...
... • Protists are eukaryotic organisms that can’t be classified as fungi, plants, or animals • Multicellularity found in some prokaryotes allow cells to specialize, which, in turn, allows for the development of tissues, organs, and organ systems ...
PDF - SAGE Journals
... The CNS under normal conditions does not contain triacylglycerides (TAG) or apoB-containing lipoproteins (Adams and Bayliss 1968; Pitas et al. 1987; Agranoff et al. 1999; Dreissig et al. 2009). These differences between the brain and the periphery would, therefore, somewhat restrict the classic func ...
... The CNS under normal conditions does not contain triacylglycerides (TAG) or apoB-containing lipoproteins (Adams and Bayliss 1968; Pitas et al. 1987; Agranoff et al. 1999; Dreissig et al. 2009). These differences between the brain and the periphery would, therefore, somewhat restrict the classic func ...
Regulators of Lysosome Function and Dynamics in Caenorhabditis
... worms (Fares and Greenwald 2001a). Our analysis indicates that we indeed identified several additional viable mutations in cup-5 (Table 1); these are hypomorphic mutations since null alleles in cup-5 result in embryonic lethality (Hersh et al. 2002; Schaheen et al. 2006). In addition to cup-5, we ide ...
... worms (Fares and Greenwald 2001a). Our analysis indicates that we indeed identified several additional viable mutations in cup-5 (Table 1); these are hypomorphic mutations since null alleles in cup-5 result in embryonic lethality (Hersh et al. 2002; Schaheen et al. 2006). In addition to cup-5, we ide ...
Temporal Firing Patterns of Purkinje Cells in the Cerebellar Ventral
... Temporal firing patterns of Purkinje cells in cerebellar ventral paraflocculus during ocular following responses in monkeys. II. Complex spikes. J. Neurophysiol. 80: 832–848, 1998. Many theories of cerebellar motor learning propose that complex spikes (CS) provide essential error signals for learnin ...
... Temporal firing patterns of Purkinje cells in cerebellar ventral paraflocculus during ocular following responses in monkeys. II. Complex spikes. J. Neurophysiol. 80: 832–848, 1998. Many theories of cerebellar motor learning propose that complex spikes (CS) provide essential error signals for learnin ...
A central role for the notochord in vertebral patterning
... that cells from one half-sclerotome can contribute to two consecutive vertebrae, rather than only to one vertebra as predicted by resegmentation (Morin-Kensicki et al., 2002). This has been termed ‘leaky’ resegmentation, and is consistent with a similar finding made in a previous study using the chi ...
... that cells from one half-sclerotome can contribute to two consecutive vertebrae, rather than only to one vertebra as predicted by resegmentation (Morin-Kensicki et al., 2002). This has been termed ‘leaky’ resegmentation, and is consistent with a similar finding made in a previous study using the chi ...
Co-Expression of Arabidopsis thaliana Phytochelatin Synthase and Treponema denticola
... extreme toxicity, the US Environmental Protection Agency reduced the maximum contaminant level for arsenic in drinking water from 50 to 10 ppb in 2006 (U.S.EPA, 2001). Arsenic occurs in several oxidation states. Among them As(III) is generally considered to be more mobile and more toxic than As(V) ( ...
... extreme toxicity, the US Environmental Protection Agency reduced the maximum contaminant level for arsenic in drinking water from 50 to 10 ppb in 2006 (U.S.EPA, 2001). Arsenic occurs in several oxidation states. Among them As(III) is generally considered to be more mobile and more toxic than As(V) ( ...
Get PDF - Wiley Online Library
... 2000). Although convergence is occurring during epiboly, the mechanistic relationships between the two processes are not understood. However, these movements must be somewhat interdependent, as epiboly is slowed in frogs by treatments that block convergence (Hikasa et al., 2002). Here, we document t ...
... 2000). Although convergence is occurring during epiboly, the mechanistic relationships between the two processes are not understood. However, these movements must be somewhat interdependent, as epiboly is slowed in frogs by treatments that block convergence (Hikasa et al., 2002). Here, we document t ...
Origin and evolution of endoderm and mesoderm
... Consequently, the major division between Deuterostomia and Protostomia is not marked by their different and independent way to form the mouth, as postulated by Grobben’s concept (Grobben, 1908). Deuterostomy (i.e. the formation of the mouth by a secondary breakthrough of the archenteron) appears to ...
... Consequently, the major division between Deuterostomia and Protostomia is not marked by their different and independent way to form the mouth, as postulated by Grobben’s concept (Grobben, 1908). Deuterostomy (i.e. the formation of the mouth by a secondary breakthrough of the archenteron) appears to ...
Glucose-Regulated Anaplerosis and Cataplerosis in
... Malic enzyme (ME), another anaplerotic enzyme, is abundant in islets (14) and INS cells (15). 2) Approximately 40% of the glucose carbon entering the citric acid cycle is carboxylated in rat islets (16,17). This is a very high percentage for a nongluconeogenic tissue (12) and a cell synthesizing lip ...
... Malic enzyme (ME), another anaplerotic enzyme, is abundant in islets (14) and INS cells (15). 2) Approximately 40% of the glucose carbon entering the citric acid cycle is carboxylated in rat islets (16,17). This is a very high percentage for a nongluconeogenic tissue (12) and a cell synthesizing lip ...
Gene Deletion Screen for Cardiomyopathy in Adult Drosophila
... Rationale: Drosophila has been recognized as a model to study human cardiac diseases. Objective: Despite these findings, and the wealth of tools that are available to the fly community, forward genetic screens for adult heart phenotypes have been rarely performed because of the difficulty in accurat ...
... Rationale: Drosophila has been recognized as a model to study human cardiac diseases. Objective: Despite these findings, and the wealth of tools that are available to the fly community, forward genetic screens for adult heart phenotypes have been rarely performed because of the difficulty in accurat ...