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Characterization of a von Hippel Lindau Pathway Involved in
Characterization of a von Hippel Lindau Pathway Involved in

... different cell lines were harvested by trypsinization. Cell concentration and viability were determined by trypan blue staining, and 107 cells resuspended in sterile PBS were injected s.c. into both flanks of 6- to 8-week-old CD1 nude (nu/nu) mice (Charles River Laboratories, Wilmington, MA). Nine t ...
chromosomes
chromosomes

... Concept 9.3: The eukaryotic cell cycle is regulated by a molecular control system  The frequency of cell division varies with the type of cell  These differences result from regulation at the molecular level  Cancer cells manage to escape the usual controls on the cell cycle ...
AP Biology - Macomb Intermediate School District
AP Biology - Macomb Intermediate School District

... with other schools to a website at our intermediate school district. This was also done in conjunction with the We Are Here Foundation. The ethics of biotechnology also addresses both environmental and social concerns. As we study genetic engineering, cloning and new biotechnologies, students must r ...
Cytoskeletal Elements in Bacteria
Cytoskeletal Elements in Bacteria

... (green and gray) are composed of identical subunits. ...
Shield formation at the onset of zebrafish gastrulation
Shield formation at the onset of zebrafish gastrulation

... endodermal progenitor cells within the forming epiblast and hypoblast at the onset of gastrulation (60% epiboly), we determined the expression domains of marker genes delineating those different progenitor populations. Within dorsal/axial regions of the germ ring that give rise to the embryonic orga ...
Shield formation at the onset of zebrafish gastrulation - MPI
Shield formation at the onset of zebrafish gastrulation - MPI

... endodermal progenitor cells within the forming epiblast and hypoblast at the onset of gastrulation (60% epiboly), we determined the expression domains of marker genes delineating those different progenitor populations. Within dorsal/axial regions of the germ ring that give rise to the embryonic orga ...
Phosphatidylserine, a death knell
Phosphatidylserine, a death knell

... acts on the extracytosolic, external face of the plasma membrane to regulate intercellular interactions. Appreciation of this new role for phospholipids was galvanized by the demonstration that phosphatidylserine (PS) appears on the surface of apoptotic lymphocytes and contributes to their phagocyto ...
as a PDF
as a PDF

... harmonin. The scaffold protein harmonin can bind directly to F-actin via its PST domain [5], a site present in harmonin b splice variants. Harmonin can also bind to actin indirectly via its PDZ1 domain by interaction with actin associated proteins (e.g., the molecular motor myosin VIIa) [13]. Since ...
i WHAT MAKES DEVILS HOLE PUPFISH SPECIAL? MOSQUITO
i WHAT MAKES DEVILS HOLE PUPFISH SPECIAL? MOSQUITO

... power the conversion of carbon dioxide into sugars for consumption by their tubeworm hosts. The environment inhabited by these symbiotic creatures is also incredibly dynamic, with mixing between the icy ocean waters and scalding deep-sea geysers causing sulphide levels to vary from almost zero to se ...
Equine I - Internal Organs
Equine I - Internal Organs

... • Major organs include: • Male reproductive organs which lie toward the back and at the base of the pelvic cavity; OR, • Female reproductive organs extending from the back of the cavity to near the abdominal cavity. ...
Gastrulation in the sea anemone Nematostella
Gastrulation in the sea anemone Nematostella

Antiproliferative and apoptotic effects of O
Antiproliferative and apoptotic effects of O

... (i) Fe citrate or ZnCl2 was added simultaneously with TRX or DFO at equimolar concentrations for 2 or 3 days; (ii) Fe citrate (12 µM) or ZnCl2 (12 µM) was added to the culture medium in the absence of DFO or TRX (50 µM) after 2 days depletion by these chelators. As a positive control for apoptosis a ...
Natural Sound Statistics and Divisive Normalization in the Auditory
Natural Sound Statistics and Divisive Normalization in the Auditory

... We have developed a weighted divisive normalization model for early auditory processing. Both the form and parameters of the model are determined from natural sound statistics. We have shown that the model can account for some prominent nonlinearities occurring at the level of the auditory nerve. A ...
Lineage-specific proteins essential for endocytosis in trypanosomes
Lineage-specific proteins essential for endocytosis in trypanosomes

... system and acquisition of the mitochondrion (Martin et al., 2015). Following emergence of a true eukaryotic cell, the lineage rapidly diversified into multiple kingdoms or supergroups, represented for example by plants, animals, fungi, amoeba and many protist lineages. The ~1.5 billion year period s ...
the fine structure of the mid-body of the rat
the fine structure of the mid-body of the rat

... bridge. Later, this material becomes amorphous and assumes the form of a dense ring closely applied to a ridge in the plasma membrane encircling the middle of the bridge. Although the mid-body ibrms in association with the spindle fibers, it is a structurally distinct part, and the changes which it ...
Keeping our muscles and our systems healthy you need to exercise
Keeping our muscles and our systems healthy you need to exercise

... but not as wide as a vein. The lumen creates higher pressure so it gets blood around the body quicker. Capillaries are blood vessels that transfer waste, nutrients and oxygen between the blood and cells. Capillaries are really small but they don’t have 3 layers. The capillaries have a layer made of ...
Chapter 1 - Napa Valley College
Chapter 1 - Napa Valley College

... provides protection for reproductive, digestive, and excretory organs bears the most weight in the vertebral column articulates with the pectoral girdle is composed of vertebrae that are completely fused by puberty all of the above ...
The Pool of Fluid Balance
The Pool of Fluid Balance

... • A Stress state causes the body to adapt to reach homeostasis • Fluid regulatory hormones and neurotransmitters are released to aid in adaptation of fluid balance from stress response (Remember slides 35-38) • ADH reabsorbs water in kidney tubules due to circulating volume decrease • Stress respons ...
1. Onion Root tip a This is an onion root tip. What process is
1. Onion Root tip a This is an onion root tip. What process is

... a. This is the ovary of a female Ascaris . What is happening to the cells in this preparation? Meiosis b. What are the small x-shaped structures indicated by “2b”. Chromosome c. What cells go through this process? Sex cells, germ cells ...
Making Membranes in Artificial Chemistries
Making Membranes in Artificial Chemistries

... Structurally, these membranes differ from natural membranes in that they readily form three-way junctions. This means that membranes tend to be shared between neighbouring protocells, and the protocells do not appear as separate entities. The membranes do have the properties of selfassembly and self ...
7-2 cell parts
7-2 cell parts

... In animal cells, structures known as Centrioles are located near the nucleus and help to organize chromosomes during cell division. Look like “stars”. Each cell has two centrioles. ...
Positioning the Flagellum at the Center of a Dividing Cell To
Positioning the Flagellum at the Center of a Dividing Cell To

... observed division scenario, we formulated a mathematical model (Fig. 4). In general, cellular polarity is established and inherited via intracellular protein gradients (5, 6, 25). Due to their small cell size, gradients in bacterial cells are typically gradients of the active form of a protein rathe ...
Inductive asymmetric cell division
Inductive asymmetric cell division

... transcription factor POP-1, a homolog of the TCF (T-cell absence of Src-signaling. These findings suggested that these two factor) transcription factor.1,8,9 POP-1/TCF can function as a asymmetries are regulated independently. Recent work indicates that the cortical asymmetry of WRM-1 transcriptiona ...
Photon Mapping on Programmable Graphics Hardware
Photon Mapping on Programmable Graphics Hardware

... Photon Mapping Overview • Global illumination model • Every surface will have an extra texture associated with it, called a photon map • Photon mapping is a two stage process – Simulating the movement of photons and recording their interactions with each surface – During rendering, using the photon ...
Elevated IL-17 produced by TH17 cells promotes
Elevated IL-17 produced by TH17 cells promotes

... Figure 1. Increased frequency of TH17 cells in freshly isolated mononuclear cells in myeloma. (A) Mononuclear cells were isolated from multiple myeloma (MM) patients (blood, N ⫽ 11, bone marrow [BM], N ⫽ 4) and from healthy donors (HDs; blood, N ⫽ 12; BM, N ⫽ 3) and stimulated for 6 hours with PMA a ...
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Organ-on-a-chip

An organ-on-a-chip (OC) is a multi-channel 3-D microfluidic cell culture chip that simulates the activities, mechanics and physiological response of entire organs and organ systems. It constitutes the subject matter of significant biomedical engineering research, more precisely in bio-MEMS. The convergence of labs-on-chips (LOCs) and cell biology has permitted the study of human physiology in an organ-specific context, introducing a novel model of in vitro multicellular human organisms. One day, they will perhaps abolish the need for animals in drug development and toxin testing.Although multiple publications claim to have translated organ functions onto this interface, the movement towards this microfluidic application is still in its infancy. Organs-on-chips will vary in design and approach between different researchers. As such, validation and optimization of these systems will likely be a long process. Organs that have been simulated by microfluidic devices include the heart, the lung, kidney, artery, bone, cartilage, skin and more.Nevertheless, building valid artificial organs requires not only a precise cellular manipulation, but a detailed understanding of the human body’s fundamental intricate response to any event. A common concern with organs-on-chips lies in the isolation of organs during testing. ""If you don’t use as close to the total physiological system that you can, you’re likely to run into troubles"" says William Haseltine, founder of Rockville, Maryland. Microfabrication, microelectronics and microfluidics offer the prospect of modeling sophisticated in vitro physiological responses under accurately simulated conditions.
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