FETAL PIG DISSECTION A LABORATORY GUIDE
... gonads. Locate the diaphragm that separates the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities. Reflect the stomach and look beneath it for the glandular-looking pancreas. It is located close to the curve in the first part of the small intestine (duodenum) and extends to the left toward the spleen. 4. The bea ...
... gonads. Locate the diaphragm that separates the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities. Reflect the stomach and look beneath it for the glandular-looking pancreas. It is located close to the curve in the first part of the small intestine (duodenum) and extends to the left toward the spleen. 4. The bea ...
A novel genetic strategy reveals unexpected roles of the Swi
... (Fig. 2 A, column 1). The immature thymocytes are then resolved into two major subsets, namely DN3 (CD25+CD44⫺) and post-DN3 (CD25⫺CD44⫺; Fig. 2 A, column 2) before each population is analyzed for CD4/CD8 expression (columns 3–5). In WT mice, the DN3 cells are, by definition, CD4⫺CD8⫺ (Fig. 2 A, row ...
... (Fig. 2 A, column 1). The immature thymocytes are then resolved into two major subsets, namely DN3 (CD25+CD44⫺) and post-DN3 (CD25⫺CD44⫺; Fig. 2 A, column 2) before each population is analyzed for CD4/CD8 expression (columns 3–5). In WT mice, the DN3 cells are, by definition, CD4⫺CD8⫺ (Fig. 2 A, row ...
Nerve activates contraction
... • Sustained intense activity, such as long distance running or powered flight, is usually only feasible for animals with an endothermic way of life. ...
... • Sustained intense activity, such as long distance running or powered flight, is usually only feasible for animals with an endothermic way of life. ...
Cytochrome c Release and Apoptosis Induced by Mitochondrial
... RNA expressing (antisense) cells were treated with TPA (100 ng/ml) or MM11453 (10⫺6 M) for the indicated times. Both HM and cytosolic fractions were analyzed for cytochrome c (Cyt c) by immunoblotting (45). HM fractions were from cells treated for 3 hours. A nonspecific band at ⬃70 kD served as a co ...
... RNA expressing (antisense) cells were treated with TPA (100 ng/ml) or MM11453 (10⫺6 M) for the indicated times. Both HM and cytosolic fractions were analyzed for cytochrome c (Cyt c) by immunoblotting (45). HM fractions were from cells treated for 3 hours. A nonspecific band at ⬃70 kD served as a co ...
Pollen cytoskeleton during germination and tube growth
... was further suggested by several pharmacological evidences47. No doubts remain that actin filaments and myosin are the protein systems that promote the movement of organelles and vesicles. Treatment of pollen tubes with cytochalasins induced several alterations in the tube structure and in the distr ...
... was further suggested by several pharmacological evidences47. No doubts remain that actin filaments and myosin are the protein systems that promote the movement of organelles and vesicles. Treatment of pollen tubes with cytochalasins induced several alterations in the tube structure and in the distr ...
Blue Sky Border
... the muscles relax, the thoracic cavity becomes smaller so that air is “forced” out of lungs ...
... the muscles relax, the thoracic cavity becomes smaller so that air is “forced” out of lungs ...
Enzymes That Scavenge Reactive Oxygen
... almost no aleurone cells died when aleurone layers were incubated in 5 m ABA for up to 48 h (Fig. 1, A, C, and E). Treatment of aleurone layers with 5 m GA, on the other hand, brought about a decrease in the number of living cells (green fluorescence) and an increase in the number of dead cells (o ...
... almost no aleurone cells died when aleurone layers were incubated in 5 m ABA for up to 48 h (Fig. 1, A, C, and E). Treatment of aleurone layers with 5 m GA, on the other hand, brought about a decrease in the number of living cells (green fluorescence) and an increase in the number of dead cells (o ...
Robust methods for purification of histones from cultured
... (xi) Run equal volumes of all samples (input, washes and elution) in a 12.5% or 15% SDS–PAGE and detect the protein bands with a method of choice. Note 1: A note of caution is warranted here. Urea in solution undergoes slow spontaneous rearrangement to ammonium cyanate (NH4CN) that may react with am ...
... (xi) Run equal volumes of all samples (input, washes and elution) in a 12.5% or 15% SDS–PAGE and detect the protein bands with a method of choice. Note 1: A note of caution is warranted here. Urea in solution undergoes slow spontaneous rearrangement to ammonium cyanate (NH4CN) that may react with am ...
Activation of Hedgehog signaling by loss of GNAS causes
... Here we demonstrate that Gas restricts bone formation to the skeleton by inhibiting Hedgehog signaling in mesenchymal progenitor cells. In progressive osseous heteroplasia, a human disease caused by null mutations in GNAS, which encodes Gas, Hedgehog signaling is upregulated in ectopic osteoblasts a ...
... Here we demonstrate that Gas restricts bone formation to the skeleton by inhibiting Hedgehog signaling in mesenchymal progenitor cells. In progressive osseous heteroplasia, a human disease caused by null mutations in GNAS, which encodes Gas, Hedgehog signaling is upregulated in ectopic osteoblasts a ...
COWDRIA RUMINANTIUMIN PROTECTIVE ROLE OF LYT -2+ T CELLS J .
... a manner similar to that described in Exp. 1 and 2, except that the cell suspension was transferred to a Roux flask before counting the cells, in order to remove as many macrophages and histiocytes as possible. The non-adherent cells were used for the transfer and T cell depletion experiments. Since ...
... a manner similar to that described in Exp. 1 and 2, except that the cell suspension was transferred to a Roux flask before counting the cells, in order to remove as many macrophages and histiocytes as possible. The non-adherent cells were used for the transfer and T cell depletion experiments. Since ...
iv Molecular Mechanisms of Notochord Vacuole
... Figure 23. Notochord vacuoles are necessary for proper spine morphogenesis 77 Figure 24. Fragmented vacuoles leads to cells that are packed more densely, resulting in larvae that are shorter .......................................................................81 Figure 25. Proposed model o ...
... Figure 23. Notochord vacuoles are necessary for proper spine morphogenesis 77 Figure 24. Fragmented vacuoles leads to cells that are packed more densely, resulting in larvae that are shorter .......................................................................81 Figure 25. Proposed model o ...
Ion Changes in Legume Root Hairs Responding to Nod
... of sequestered dye could be a major source of confusion, since it will likely be in a compartment with excess Ca2⫹, e.g. the vacuole, and thus generate a saturating signal, shifting the dynamic range of detection of the camera to levels at which cytosolic signals are lost. It should also be noted th ...
... of sequestered dye could be a major source of confusion, since it will likely be in a compartment with excess Ca2⫹, e.g. the vacuole, and thus generate a saturating signal, shifting the dynamic range of detection of the camera to levels at which cytosolic signals are lost. It should also be noted th ...
Selective Coupling of T-Type Calcium Channels to SK Potassium
... spiking pattern analysis a burst detecting algorithm was programmed that compared all ISIs of a 5-min-long recording trace with its mean spiking rate and detected the coincidence of a short ISI (⬍0.5 ⫻ mean rate) with a long ISI (⬎1.25 ⫻ mean rate) within two to seven consecutive spikes and marked i ...
... spiking pattern analysis a burst detecting algorithm was programmed that compared all ISIs of a 5-min-long recording trace with its mean spiking rate and detected the coincidence of a short ISI (⬍0.5 ⫻ mean rate) with a long ISI (⬎1.25 ⫻ mean rate) within two to seven consecutive spikes and marked i ...
Modulatory effects of histamine on cat carotid body chemoreception
... The effects of 0.5–2000 g histamine hydrochloride on CB chemosensory discharges was assessed using in vitro perfused or superfused CB preparations, which allow the isolation of vascular effects. The superfused CB preparation has been used to study chemoreceptor function without the interference of ...
... The effects of 0.5–2000 g histamine hydrochloride on CB chemosensory discharges was assessed using in vitro perfused or superfused CB preparations, which allow the isolation of vascular effects. The superfused CB preparation has been used to study chemoreceptor function without the interference of ...
The nitrogen-metabolism of nitrogen-fixing bacteria
... assimilation of nitrogen. His conclusions were based on experiments Vifhere the nitrogen-fixing power of legiane bacteria fxas tested in solutions containing plants that had been cut up, some of which were sterilized v;^hile others viere merely cut up, the nodules furnish ing the inoculation. These ...
... assimilation of nitrogen. His conclusions were based on experiments Vifhere the nitrogen-fixing power of legiane bacteria fxas tested in solutions containing plants that had been cut up, some of which were sterilized v;^hile others viere merely cut up, the nodules furnish ing the inoculation. These ...
Axis-inducing activities and cell fates of the zebrafish organizer.
... suggested the possibility that anterior specification in zebrafish, similar to mouse, requires spatially distinct activities. The fact that the embryonic shield of another teleost fish, Perca, is capable of inducing complete secondary axis formation, however, suggests that part of the organizer’s ac ...
... suggested the possibility that anterior specification in zebrafish, similar to mouse, requires spatially distinct activities. The fact that the embryonic shield of another teleost fish, Perca, is capable of inducing complete secondary axis formation, however, suggests that part of the organizer’s ac ...
Chapter 3: Cells
... _________________________________________________________________ . (Outcome 3.8) 8. The nucleolus is composed of __________________________ . (Outcome 3.8) 9. The nucleolus is the site of ____________________________ . (Outcome 3.8) 10. Chromatin is ______________________________________ . III. Mov ...
... _________________________________________________________________ . (Outcome 3.8) 8. The nucleolus is composed of __________________________ . (Outcome 3.8) 9. The nucleolus is the site of ____________________________ . (Outcome 3.8) 10. Chromatin is ______________________________________ . III. Mov ...
BMP4 regulation of sensory organ development in the chick inner ear
... Sensory organs are comprised of a population of several thousand hair cells arranged in a circular or oblong patch. However, there are examples of morphological specializations, such as the elongated auditory sensory epithelia found in some reptiles, and all birds and mammals (Eatock, Newsome. 1999) ...
... Sensory organs are comprised of a population of several thousand hair cells arranged in a circular or oblong patch. However, there are examples of morphological specializations, such as the elongated auditory sensory epithelia found in some reptiles, and all birds and mammals (Eatock, Newsome. 1999) ...
Ceman, S, O Donnell, WT, Reed, M, Patton, S, Pohl, J and Warren, ST: Phosphorylation regulates translation state of FMRP-associated polyribosomes. Human Molecular Genetics 12:3295-3305 (2003).
... observation was confirmed in a number of other cultured mammalian cell lines including Cos 7, NIH 3T3 and HeLa cells (data not shown). To identify which of the 47 serines in FMRP is phosphorylated, we used the mass spectrometry-based method of precursor ion scanning where tryptic peptides are ionize ...
... observation was confirmed in a number of other cultured mammalian cell lines including Cos 7, NIH 3T3 and HeLa cells (data not shown). To identify which of the 47 serines in FMRP is phosphorylated, we used the mass spectrometry-based method of precursor ion scanning where tryptic peptides are ionize ...
A three-stage model of Golgi structure and function
... differentiating between Golgi cisternae has been the polarized distribution of processing and biosynthetic enzymes. N-linked oligosaccharides are modified by a series of Golgi-resident glycosylation enzymes that reside at characteristic locations within the stack (Ruiz-May et al. 2012; Stanley 2011) ...
... differentiating between Golgi cisternae has been the polarized distribution of processing and biosynthetic enzymes. N-linked oligosaccharides are modified by a series of Golgi-resident glycosylation enzymes that reside at characteristic locations within the stack (Ruiz-May et al. 2012; Stanley 2011) ...
Effect of Internal Carotid Artery Stenting on Superior Thyroid Artery
... carotid artery stenting is an effective treatment for prevention of cerebrovascular events in patients with symptomatic and asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis. More recently, percutaneous carotid artery stenting has been tested as an alternative treatment and has been shown to be beneficial among ...
... carotid artery stenting is an effective treatment for prevention of cerebrovascular events in patients with symptomatic and asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis. More recently, percutaneous carotid artery stenting has been tested as an alternative treatment and has been shown to be beneficial among ...
Targeted wild-type and jerker espins reveal a novel, WH2
... fashion throughout a given section (Fig. 2B-D). Fig. 1. Formation of a centrosomal actin bundle (CAB) in neuronal cells transfected with GFP-espin (green). (A-C) Colocalization of GFP-espin (B) and F-actin labeled with Texas-Red-phalloidin (C, red) in a large perinuclear actin bundle in a transfecte ...
... fashion throughout a given section (Fig. 2B-D). Fig. 1. Formation of a centrosomal actin bundle (CAB) in neuronal cells transfected with GFP-espin (green). (A-C) Colocalization of GFP-espin (B) and F-actin labeled with Texas-Red-phalloidin (C, red) in a large perinuclear actin bundle in a transfecte ...
A Control Theoretic Approach to HIV/AIDS Drug Dosage Design and
... virus. Other therapies that reconstruct the immune system are also available. The issues of when best to initiate therapy have been studied in [2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12]. Some authors, for example, [2, 8, 10] believe that early therapy, when the CD4+ T cell count is still high, is best. Th ...
... virus. Other therapies that reconstruct the immune system are also available. The issues of when best to initiate therapy have been studied in [2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12]. Some authors, for example, [2, 8, 10] believe that early therapy, when the CD4+ T cell count is still high, is best. Th ...
Device, Method, and Algorithm to Assess Changes in
... Cardiac output, the volume of blood pumped by the heart over time, is a powerful clinical metric used by physicians to assess overall cardiac health and patient well-being. However, current cardiac output estimation methods are typically invasive, time-consuming, expensive, or some combination of al ...
... Cardiac output, the volume of blood pumped by the heart over time, is a powerful clinical metric used by physicians to assess overall cardiac health and patient well-being. However, current cardiac output estimation methods are typically invasive, time-consuming, expensive, or some combination of al ...
Dual role of autophagy in HIV-1 replication and pathogenesis Open Access
... and autophagosome formation. Notably, there are three mammalian isoforms of LC3: LC3A, LC3B, and LC3C. LC3B-II is the only protein known to specifically localize to the autophagosome [28]. Another tactic is to visualize and enumerate autophagosomes by electron microscopy (Figure 2). The extraordinar ...
... and autophagosome formation. Notably, there are three mammalian isoforms of LC3: LC3A, LC3B, and LC3C. LC3B-II is the only protein known to specifically localize to the autophagosome [28]. Another tactic is to visualize and enumerate autophagosomes by electron microscopy (Figure 2). The extraordinar ...