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Terminal Cytokinesis Events Uncovered after an RNAi Screen
Terminal Cytokinesis Events Uncovered after an RNAi Screen

... Although it narrows the waist of the cell, contraction of an internal acto-myosin ring is not sufficient to allow fusion of the opposing cellular membranes, a step required for the topological separation of daughter cells. Rather, as first described by Flemming in 1891 (see [7]), a persistent interc ...
Our Human Body Classroom Activities
Our Human Body Classroom Activities

... information about the role that it performs to keep humans alive. The teacher will need to communicate with students about the amount of time dedicated to this part of the activity. Part 3: Trace the outline of one person from each group onto a large piece of poster page. Alternatively use an A3 cop ...
Mycology is the study of fungi. The disease caused by fungi is called
Mycology is the study of fungi. The disease caused by fungi is called

... 1. In humans, fungi cause skin infections such as ringworm and athlete's foot. 2. They also cause several deadly diseases which can be hard to treat. 3. Most patients with deadly fungal diseases do not have a fully functional immune system. – Leukaemia – AIDS ...
Characteristics of Living Things
Characteristics of Living Things

... • As I said before, a cell is the smallest living system in your body. • Each cell is like a little body that has its own organs and does stuff that living organisms do. • What makes something living (biotic) or non-living (abiotic)? What stuff do living organisms do? ...
Protozoa as Model System for Studies of
Protozoa as Model System for Studies of

... potentials eliciting ciliary reversal appear within the milliseconds period in most protozoan ciliates (Eckert 1972, Machemer and Eckert 1973). The delayed action potentials in Blepharisma and Stentor seem to reflect a intracellular signal processing that finally culminates in photoreceptor potentia ...
Dissection: The Earthworm - f
Dissection: The Earthworm - f

... should note the lack of organs for respiration. The earthworm relies on diffusion across the skin for gas exchange. Given the relative size and diameter of these organisms, how effective do you think this method of respiration is in the earthworm relative to the other organisms you have/ will study? ...
Wing Venation and Flight
Wing Venation and Flight

... longitudinal veins. Extra cross-veins may be designated by number (for example, first radial and second radial) if they are not too numerous, or they may have special names based on their location (for example the antenodal cross veins in the Odonata) or they may be unnamed. Extra longitudinal veins ...
Regulation of Microtubule Stability and Mitotic
Regulation of Microtubule Stability and Mitotic

... Contributed equally to this work. ...
Part 1 - ISpatula
Part 1 - ISpatula

... is expected to segregate into the core of the micelles, while the hydrophilic component forms the corona or outer shell. The hydrophobic micelle core serves as a microenvironment for incorporation of various therapeutic compounds, while the corona can act as a stabilizing interface between the hydro ...
NEW Biology Part II CPR
NEW Biology Part II CPR

... Start day: 1 Meetings: 180 days Course Description The Biology course is designed to provide students with a detailed understanding of living systems. Emphasis continues to be placed on the skills necessary to examine alternative scientific explanations, actively conduct controlled experiments, anal ...
Antibody-Drug Conjugates
Antibody-Drug Conjugates

... biologic-based and small-molecule manufacturing. “One of the biggest challenges in manufacturing ADCs is controlling all the components that go into the final conjugation step,” says Boldt. “Namely, the three main components that make up an ADC (e.g., antibody, linker, and payload) are all manufactu ...
Direct Visualization by Cryo-EM of the Mycobacterial Capsular
Direct Visualization by Cryo-EM of the Mycobacterial Capsular

... close to native-state by the plunge freezing method [18] for direct visualization by EM (Figure 1). This method does not rely on the use of cryoprotectants and allows intact cells to be frozen in their medium of culture. The Gram-negative bacterium S. flexneri was used as a control (Figure 1A). When ...
body fluids and circulation chapter 18
body fluids and circulation chapter 18

... pressure causing the closure of tricuspid and bicuspid valves due to attempted backflow of blood into the atria. As the ventricular pressure increases further, the semilunar valves guarding the pulmonary artery (right side) and the aorta (left side) are forced open, allowing the blood in the ventric ...
Research Focus - MOTP Atlantic Canada
Research Focus - MOTP Atlantic Canada

... can be de-fatted prior to transplant, to improve their viability. They’re working with Dalhousie lipid scientist, Dr. Neale Ridgway, to see if their experimental system for metabolizing the fat before transplant enables the liver to function well in its new owner. Even healthy organs are subject to ...
Extracellular ATP: a Potential Molecule Regulating the Defence
Extracellular ATP: a Potential Molecule Regulating the Defence

... animal, plant, and microbial cells can secrete ATP from the cytosol into the extracellular matrix. In plant cells, extracellular ATP (eATP) is found to play important roles in regulating several physiological processes, such as cell growth, development, and death. Interestingly, recent studies sugge ...
Science as a way of learning
Science as a way of learning

... This book is designed to help you improve your note-taking skills and help you to focus your studying. The notes are divided into each testing section or unit. Each section begins with outlines for each lecture topic which also provides a great way to review the material before your test. If you can ...
Switching the Cell Cycle. Kip-Related Proteins in Plant Cell
Switching the Cell Cycle. Kip-Related Proteins in Plant Cell

... CDK-cyclin complex, respectively. In contrast, inhibitors of the Kip/Cip family (p21Cip1, p27Kip1, and p57Kip2) bind and inhibit a broader range of CDKs and function in dimeric as well as heterotrimeric complexes with CDKs and cyclins; all share a conserved inhibitory domain at their N terminus. Kip ...
Syndecan-1 regulates αvß5 integrin activity in B82L fibroblasts
Syndecan-1 regulates αvß5 integrin activity in B82L fibroblasts

... The activity of other integrins, such as the ␣5␤1 or ␣v␤1 integrins, is not affected by these treatments. Moreover, the siRNA blockade of endogenous human Sdc1 activity can be reversed by expression of a glycosylphosphatidylinositollinked mouse Sdc1 ectodomain (mS1ED), albeit the ectodomain must ret ...
Posttranscriptional Gene Silencing-2015
Posttranscriptional Gene Silencing-2015

... OncomiRs are incorporated into exosomes which are taken up by normal cells ...
Aphidicolin-Induced Nuclear Elongation in Tobacco BY
Aphidicolin-Induced Nuclear Elongation in Tobacco BY

... BY-2 cells were cultured for 48 h in the presence of 5 mg l1 aphidicolin and 1 mM latrunculin B (LatB) or 6 mM propyzamide. As shown in Fig. 6C and D, neither 1 mM LatB nor 6 mM propyzamide affected the cell elongation during the 48 h culture in the presence of aphidicolin. However, both 1 mM LatB ...
1 1 2 3 4 5 Wnt proteins can direct planar cell polarity in
1 1 2 3 4 5 Wnt proteins can direct planar cell polarity in

... To find out whether the observed effect on PCP is specific to Wnt5a or can be mediated by other ...
TEC-FAMILY KINASES: REGULATORS OF T-HELPER
TEC-FAMILY KINASES: REGULATORS OF T-HELPER

... Potential roles for TEC in T cells • TEC seems to have distinct localization and signaling attributes compared with other TEC kinases. • Overexpression of TEC induces activation of NFAT and AP1 reporter genes and inositol phosphatases, SHIP1 and SHIP2. • Although these data indicate that TEC might ...
Automatically Extracting Structured Information from Biomedical Text University of Texas at Austin
Automatically Extracting Structured Information from Biomedical Text University of Texas at Austin

... (SPF) as well as a candidate proto-oncogene. Other recent studies have identified human cyclin D1 (PRAD1) as a putative G1 cyclin and candidate proto-oncogene. However, the specific enzymatic activities and, hence, the precise biochemical mechanisms through which cyclins function to govern cell cycl ...
between TLRs and FcRs Polyfunctional Th Cells by Cross
between TLRs and FcRs Polyfunctional Th Cells by Cross

... cell responses. Interestingly, GM-CSF–producing Th cells were synergistically evoked as well, which suggests the onset of polyfunctional Th17 cells. Synergistic cytokine release was dependent on activation via MyD88 and ITAM signaling pathways through TLRs and FcRs, respectively. Cytokine regulation ...
TCR After Rapid Identification of Pathogenic Vaccines Autoimmune
TCR After Rapid Identification of Pathogenic Vaccines Autoimmune

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Organ-on-a-chip

An organ-on-a-chip (OC) is a multi-channel 3-D microfluidic cell culture chip that simulates the activities, mechanics and physiological response of entire organs and organ systems. It constitutes the subject matter of significant biomedical engineering research, more precisely in bio-MEMS. The convergence of labs-on-chips (LOCs) and cell biology has permitted the study of human physiology in an organ-specific context, introducing a novel model of in vitro multicellular human organisms. One day, they will perhaps abolish the need for animals in drug development and toxin testing.Although multiple publications claim to have translated organ functions onto this interface, the movement towards this microfluidic application is still in its infancy. Organs-on-chips will vary in design and approach between different researchers. As such, validation and optimization of these systems will likely be a long process. Organs that have been simulated by microfluidic devices include the heart, the lung, kidney, artery, bone, cartilage, skin and more.Nevertheless, building valid artificial organs requires not only a precise cellular manipulation, but a detailed understanding of the human body’s fundamental intricate response to any event. A common concern with organs-on-chips lies in the isolation of organs during testing. ""If you don’t use as close to the total physiological system that you can, you’re likely to run into troubles"" says William Haseltine, founder of Rockville, Maryland. Microfabrication, microelectronics and microfluidics offer the prospect of modeling sophisticated in vitro physiological responses under accurately simulated conditions.
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