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Mast cells and basophils in acquired immunity
Mast cells and basophils in acquired immunity

... mature mast cells can be very long-lived and can retain their ability to proliferate under certain conditions7'14. Mast cells are found particularly around blood vessels, in close proximity to peripheral nerves, and beneath epithelial surfaces that are exposed to the external environment, such as th ...
Memristance can explain Spike-Time- Dependent
Memristance can explain Spike-Time- Dependent

... computations (as in brains). It has been shown to improve Hebbian ...
F. Lateral or Branch Roots
F. Lateral or Branch Roots

... 1. Thimble-shaped mass of parenchyma 2. Protects apical meristem that it covers a. Lubricates root as it moves through the soil b. Mucilage provides favorable habitat for beneficial bacteria; this external root region is called the rhizosphere 3. No equivalent structure in stems 4. Root cap cells be ...
Modification of the signal sequence cleavage site of
Modification of the signal sequence cleavage site of

... with polyclonal anti-LLO antibodies and quantified by ELISA with the anti-LLO mAb SE2 (kindly provided by Dr A. J. Ainsworth, Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, USA; Erdenlig et al., 1999). For Western blots, identical volumes of each concentrated culture supernatant were loaded per ...
Chemical approaches to study metabolic networks
Chemical approaches to study metabolic networks

... metabolic network consists of enzymes converting substrate metabolites to products (e.g., hexokinase converts glucose to glucose-6-phosphate), a series of enzymes may catalyze the conversion of one metabolite, through a series of interconversions, to form a penultimate product (e.g., glucose to pyru ...
Active gel physics
Active gel physics

... equations (1) and (2)). This term can be obtained by coarsegraining a microscopic description in which individual elements are represented by force dipoles9,10 . The resulting macroscopic active stress is the average force dipole density. In a system with nematic symmetry the anisotropic part of the ...
Skeletal System {Word Document}
Skeletal System {Word Document}

... in sutural joints between cranial bones) vary greatly in number from person to person. All bones consist of two main types of bone tissue, compact and spongy tissue. These two types of tissue are what provide the strength, mineral storage ability and blood producing ability of bones. Compact tissue ...
Chapter 21 - Coastal Bend College
Chapter 21 - Coastal Bend College

... – Osmosis ...
The political economy of the global stem cell therapy market
The political economy of the global stem cell therapy market

... responsive to news items about stem cell treatments, and closed online patient discussion groups for incurable conditions, Cohen and Cohen point out that the consumers who ‘acknowledge that they are “desperate” appear to be knowledgeable about the dearth of evidence supporting certain stem cell trea ...
CHAPTER 19: RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
CHAPTER 19: RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

... Sketch a diagram of the respiratory membrane and then describe its structure in terms of tissue components and thickness. Name the process that occurs through this membrane and explain this process in terms of what is being transported and how, using numerical values. ...
Guidance of mesoderm cell migration in the Xenopus
Guidance of mesoderm cell migration in the Xenopus

... construct (Ataliotis et al., 1995), were linearized with NheI and transcribed with T7 polymerase. pGHE2 containing the wild-type long form of Xenopus PDGFA (Mercola et al., 1988), lfPDGFA, was linearized with NheI and transcribed with T7 polymerase. A Cterminally truncated form of lfPDGFA lacking th ...
the Golgi Apparatus as the central station of the
the Golgi Apparatus as the central station of the

... The great routes of the intracellular traffic of membranes The intracellular traffic of membranes directs lipids and proteins to their destination. It has several pathways (Fig. 1): 1. The secretory, biosynthetic or exocytic pathway. This intracellular route is followed by the molecules synthesized ...
ADVANCES IN THE LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS OF
ADVANCES IN THE LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS OF

... chemotherapy and radiotherapy, accidental exposure to radiation or even worse is the exposure to certain toxic chemicals like fertilizers used everywhere for faming activities and to increase yield, chemical pesticides, and herbicides that may have hydrocarbons and benzene compounds. The occurrence ...
Receptor Cell Biology: Receptor-Mediated Endocytosis
Receptor Cell Biology: Receptor-Mediated Endocytosis

... The fundamental processes responsible for growth and development in man are exceedingly complex. The availability of cell nutrients as well as growth factors and hormones is essential for normal tissue differentiation. One of the major mechanisms responsible for delivery of these nutrient molecules/ ...
Blood and Marrow Stem Cell Transplantation
Blood and Marrow Stem Cell Transplantation

... high doses of chemotherapy with or without radiation that would otherwise be too toxic to tolerate because the marrow would be severely damaged. Such high doses of treatment can sometimes overcome resistance of the disease to standard doses of chemotherapy. Autologous transplantation requires that a ...
journal
journal

... Methods: The specific release of preformed IL-6 from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) after 20 minutes incubation with 0.15–0.5 μM of pure drugs was measured in two groups of drug-allergy suspected donors (159) and respective controls (48). IL-6, TNF-alpha, IL-2, IL-4, IFN-gamma have been m ...
Blood and Marrow Stem Cell Transplantation 2013
Blood and Marrow Stem Cell Transplantation 2013

... high doses of chemotherapy with or without radiation that would otherwise be too toxic to tolerate because the marrow would be severely damaged. Such high doses of treatment can sometimes overcome resistance of the disease to standard doses of chemotherapy. Autologous transplantation requires that a ...
Chapter 32 Integumentary, Skeletal, and Muscular Systems
Chapter 32 Integumentary, Skeletal, and Muscular Systems

... contain keratin and develop from epithelial cells. Hair cells grow out of narrow cavities in the der–mis called hair follicles. Cells at the base of a hair follicle divide and D push cells away from the follicle, causing hair to grow. Hair follicles usually have sebaceous or oil glands associated wi ...
The Analysis of Plant Growth - Plant Physiology and Development
The Analysis of Plant Growth - Plant Physiology and Development

... Cell division and cell expansion are independent processes that are often synchronized during development For multicellular plants, many aspects of growth relate to newly formed cells produced by meristematic tissues. Growth associated with these cells is neither uniform nor random. For example, new ...
Name
Name

... The earthworm has five enlarged blood vessels which act as pumps for the blood. These are called “hearts”. The earthworm is adapted to a life of burrowing through the soil. Its streamline shape helps it move through the soil. A coating of mucus secreted by the skin lubricates the earthworm as it pas ...
BOTANICAL BRIEFING. Signalling between Pathogenic Rust Fungi
BOTANICAL BRIEFING. Signalling between Pathogenic Rust Fungi

... Rust fungi are obligately biotrophic plant parasites that obtain their nutrients from living host cells. The initiation of the two parasitic phases of these fungi generally requires topographic signals from the plant surface followed, for the dikaryotic phase, by a successive sequence of signals to ...
Fission yeast Tor2 promotes cell growth and represses cell
Fission yeast Tor2 promotes cell growth and represses cell

... haploid spores that remain dormant until they encounter favourable growth conditions. Therefore, fission yeast cells have a system that carefully times the start of sexual development when nutrients become limiting. The molecular mechanisms that monitor the environmental conditions are still not cle ...
Stress-induced electrolyte leakage: the role of K+
Stress-induced electrolyte leakage: the role of K+

... encoded by GORK, SKOR, and annexin genes. Hypothetically, cyclic nucleotide-gated channels and ionotropic glutamate receptors can also be involved. The stress-induced electrolyte leakage is usually accompanied by accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and often results in programmed cell deat ...
Myocardin-like protein 2 regulates TGF   signaling in
Myocardin-like protein 2 regulates TGF signaling in

... pCMV-Cre expression plasmid to generate heterozygous Mkl2+/– ES cells. Mkl2+/– ES cells were re-targeted via electroporation with the linearized Mkl2 conditional targeting vector (supplementary material Fig. S1A). Mkl2–/F ES cells were transfected with the pTurbo-Cre plasmid (Washington University, ...
example syllabus - MU Biomed Online
example syllabus - MU Biomed Online

... disconnected during an exam, contact the instructor immediately and then send an e-mail to [email protected] with your name, username, course name, title of the quiz or exam, and a description of the problem. To ensure your answers are logged, click “Save” at the bottom of the page every 2 to ...
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Organ-on-a-chip

An organ-on-a-chip (OC) is a multi-channel 3-D microfluidic cell culture chip that simulates the activities, mechanics and physiological response of entire organs and organ systems. It constitutes the subject matter of significant biomedical engineering research, more precisely in bio-MEMS. The convergence of labs-on-chips (LOCs) and cell biology has permitted the study of human physiology in an organ-specific context, introducing a novel model of in vitro multicellular human organisms. One day, they will perhaps abolish the need for animals in drug development and toxin testing.Although multiple publications claim to have translated organ functions onto this interface, the movement towards this microfluidic application is still in its infancy. Organs-on-chips will vary in design and approach between different researchers. As such, validation and optimization of these systems will likely be a long process. Organs that have been simulated by microfluidic devices include the heart, the lung, kidney, artery, bone, cartilage, skin and more.Nevertheless, building valid artificial organs requires not only a precise cellular manipulation, but a detailed understanding of the human body’s fundamental intricate response to any event. A common concern with organs-on-chips lies in the isolation of organs during testing. ""If you don’t use as close to the total physiological system that you can, you’re likely to run into troubles"" says William Haseltine, founder of Rockville, Maryland. Microfabrication, microelectronics and microfluidics offer the prospect of modeling sophisticated in vitro physiological responses under accurately simulated conditions.
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