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Francon et al, 2004
Francon et al, 2004

... of the proteins forming the pre-replication complex (e.g. ORC, cdc6, cdt1, MCMs) exhibits such clear localization. The significance of RPA foci is therefore debated. In Xenopus in vitro systems, RPA is present on chromatin before initiation of DNA replication. It first localizes at distinct foci tha ...
Involvement of Calcium Ion in the Stimulated Shoot Elongation of
Involvement of Calcium Ion in the Stimulated Shoot Elongation of

... for Research on Wild Plants of Utsunomiya University and stored at 4°C in the dark (Ishizawa et al. 1999). In all experiments, tubers were used after preincubation at 25°C in the dark for 3 d. Intact tubers were used for the experiments to measure shoot elongation over a period of more than 1 d. Aft ...
Molecular Plant-Microbe Interaction
Molecular Plant-Microbe Interaction

... observed in necrosis development or P. parasitica proliferation between control and mycorrhizal P. parasiticainoculated tomato plants (Table 1). Cell responses to pathogen infection in nonmycorrhizal tomato plants. P. parasitica hyphae developing from zoospores at the root surface penetrated roots v ...
PDF
PDF

... Previously, we have shown that lgl2 function is essential for the formation of hemidesmosomes during epidermal development (Sonawane et al., 2005). However, its cellular localisation and precise role in hemidesmosome formation have yet to be resolved. To analyse the localisation of Lgl2 during epide ...
Microscopy studies on uncultivated magnetotactic bacteria
Microscopy studies on uncultivated magnetotactic bacteria

... more likely amorphous inclusions bodies, instead of magnetosomes, which are not irregular particles, but ordered crystalline nanostructures. Even greigite pleiomorphic magnetosomes show a high degree of structural organization. As no crystallographic data on the “magnetosomes” (electron diffraction ...
role of potassium in human and animal nutrition 2
role of potassium in human and animal nutrition 2

... in potassium (hyperkalemia) or decrease in potassium (hypokalemia) can profoundly affect the nervous system and heart, and when extreme, can be fatal. The normal blood potassium level is 3.5 to 5.0 milliEquivalents/liter (mEq/L), or 3.5 international units (3.5 - 5.0 mmol per litre of plasma) ...
observations on luminescence in noctiluca
observations on luminescence in noctiluca

... 22 to 95 msec (a bright flash possessing a longer duration). The flash of a single cell, lasting 95 msec, had the following temporal characteristics: time to maximum, 20 msec; time to half maximum, 10 msec; decay time from maximum, 70 msec; time of half decay, 20 msec. These figures for response cha ...
Title Determination of Cathepsins D and E in Various Tissues and
Title Determination of Cathepsins D and E in Various Tissues and

... against β-endorphin and substance P (Table 1). The level of cathepsin D was highest in adrenal followed by spleen and lung. The levels of cathepsin E were high in stomach, urinary bladder, thymus, and spleen, followed by bone marrow, lymph node, and intestine, and were low in nervous tissues, heart, ...
Bacterial chromosome segregation
Bacterial chromosome segregation

... duplicated sister chromosomes prior to cell division. As a consequence of the helical structure of DNA, the products of circular chromosome replication are topologically linked/catenated. In E. coli, decatenation of chromosomes is carried out by topoisomerase IV (Kato et al., 1990). This enzyme cons ...
Import of Agrobacterium T-DNA into Plant Nuclei: Two
Import of Agrobacterium T-DNA into Plant Nuclei: Two

Probing for Binding Regions of the FtsZ Protein Surface through Site
Probing for Binding Regions of the FtsZ Protein Surface through Site

... dimerizing tendency of GFP, we made a new construct containing the monomerizing mutation A206K (31, 32). The new construct, mVenus (we now refer to the original, dimerizing Venus as dVenus), assembled normal-looking, one-stranded protofilaments in vitro (Fig. 1) (though there were fewer than those of ...
D-Alanine esterification of teichoic acids contributes to
D-Alanine esterification of teichoic acids contributes to

... bioRxiv preprint first posted online Jan. 5, 2017; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/098434. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not peer-reviewed) is the author/funder. It is made available under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. ...
Role of the OPG/RANK/RANKL triad in calcifications of - HAL
Role of the OPG/RANK/RANKL triad in calcifications of - HAL

... simultaneously increasing OPG production and enhancing osteogenic differentiation [27, 28]. On the other hand, elevated serum concentrations of OPG are found in a range of cardiovascular pathologies, suggesting the potential value of OPG as a biomarker of vascular risk and prognosis. Cellular studie ...
1. (a) cells if more than one box is ticked, award no mark 1 (b) tail 1
1. (a) cells if more than one box is ticked, award no mark 1 (b) tail 1

... it has no chloroplasts or no chlorophyll (ii) ...
Questions for Endocrine Bingo
Questions for Endocrine Bingo

... 5. Hormone that causes blood sugar level to go up Glucagon Hormone produced by alpha cells in islets of Langerhans-stimulates liver! ...
Structure and Organelles
Structure and Organelles

... Several organelles are involved in making and processing proteins. • The nucleus stores genetic information. • Many processes occur in the endoplasmic reticulum. • There are two types of endoplasmic reticulum. – rough endoplasmic reticulum – smooth endoplasmic reticulum ...
PDF
PDF

... glycogen remains very close to that of normal development (Fig. 3). The effect of hydrocortisone added to the culture medium at a final concentration of 1 /*g/ml consists in a moderate yet statistically significant (P < 0-05) increase in the amount of protein per lung rudiment (Fig. 1) while the gly ...
Direct In Vitro Effect of a Sulfonylurea to Increase Human Fibroblast
Direct In Vitro Effect of a Sulfonylurea to Increase Human Fibroblast

... of several months an improvement in glucose tolerance is often observed in the absence of any demonstrable increase in plasma insulin levels (6-8). This phenomenon is commonly referred to as the "extrapancreatic effect of the sulfonylureas" (6-8). Despite a fair-sized literature, the mechanism of th ...
Scarface, a secreted serine proteaselike protein, regulates polarized
Scarface, a secreted serine proteaselike protein, regulates polarized

... Brown, 2004). Mutations in wing blister (wb), the only other fly a-laminin, cause defects in GBR and in the attachment between AS cells and the posterior germ band (Schock & Perrimon, 2003). These data suggest that LanA and Wb have a redundant function and that Scarf most probably promotes BM locali ...
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Print

... DALE E. BREDESEN, PATRICK MEHLEN, AND SHAHROOZ RABIZADEH The Buck Institute for Age Research, Novato, and University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California; and Centre Genetique Moleculaire et Cellulaire, Equipe Labellisée “La Ligue,” Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UM ...
Full-Text PDF
Full-Text PDF

... progenitor proliferation [81], and in a stretch injury model [82]. Similarly, SHH drives the regeneration of bladder epithelium following tissue damage [83]. Given its effect on (stem) cell proliferation it does not come as a surprise that aberrant activation of the HH pathway can cause tumour forma ...
Avian erythrocytes have functional mitochondria, opening
Avian erythrocytes have functional mitochondria, opening

... Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. ...
Pericentriolar material structure and dynamics
Pericentriolar material structure and dynamics

... Decades of research have pursued atomic-level resolution of the underlying pericentriolar material (PCM) structure with little avail. This is probably owing to limitations in methodology, but also to the fact that the PCM does not behave like most ordered proteinacious assemblies. In the earliest el ...
Embryonic activation of the myoD gene is regulated
Embryonic activation of the myoD gene is regulated

... Gene-targeting experiments in mice showed that the elaboration of the myogenic phenotype is dependent on myogenic regulatory gene function. Mice homozygous null for both myoD and myf5 completely lack differentiated skeletal muscle by both histological and biochemical criteria (Rudnicki et al., 1993) ...
FEMS Microbiology Ecology 24
FEMS Microbiology Ecology 24

... [29]. The chemical composition of each of the two phases of the three systems of the partitioning assay is given in Table 1. Bacterial partitioning was done by adding 100 µ1 of a bacterial suspension (109 cfu ml -1 grown either on agar or in broth media and suspended in PBS) to 0.9 ml of the phase s ...
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Amitosis

Amitosis (a- + mitosis) is absence of mitosis, the usual form of cell division in the cells of eukaryotes. There are several senses in which eukaryotic cells can be amitotic. One refers to capability for non-mitotic division and the other refers to lack of capability for division. In one sense of the word, which is now mostly obsolete, amitosis is cell division in eukaryotic cells that happens without the usual features of mitosis as seen on microscopy, namely, without nuclear envelope breakdown and without formation of mitotic spindle and condensed chromosomes as far as microscopy can detect. However, most examples of cell division formerly thought to belong to this supposedly ""non-mitotic"" class, such as the division of unicellular eukaryotes, are today recognized as belonging to a class of mitosis called closed mitosis. A spectrum of mitotic activity can be categorized as open, semi-closed, and closed mitosis, depending on the fate of the nuclear envelope. An exception is the division of ciliate macronucleus, which is not mitotic, and the reference to this process as amitosis may be the only legitimate use of the ""non-mitotic division"" sense of the term today. In animals and plants which normally have open mitosis, the microscopic picture described in the 19th century as amitosis most likely corresponded to apoptosis, a process of programmed cell death associated with fragmentation of the nucleus and cytoplasm. Relatedly, even in the late 19th century cytologists mentioned that in larger life forms, amitosis is a ""forerunner of degeneration"".Another sense of amitotic refers to cells of certain tissues that are usually no longer capable of mitosis once the organism has matured into adulthood. In humans this is true of various muscle and nerve tissue types; if the existing ones are damaged, they cannot be replaced with new ones of equal capability. For example, cardiac muscle destroyed by heart attack and nerves destroyed by piercing trauma usually cannot regenerate. In contrast, skin cells are capable of mitosis throughout adulthood; old skin cells that die and slough off are replaced with new ones. Human liver tissue also has a sort of dormant regenerative ability; it is usually not needed or expressed but can be elicited if needed.
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