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on the nature of the "non-saturable" migration of
on the nature of the "non-saturable" migration of

... N e a r l y all of t h e t r a n s p o r t of D-alanine has been shown to be carried out b y the " u p h i l l " s y s t e m serving for L-alanine, glycine, L-serine a n d n u m e r o u s o t h e r n e u t r a l a m i n o acids, a s y s t e m described elsewhere in d e t a i l u n d e r t h e d e s ...
Regulation of the Discs Large Tumor Suppressor by a
Regulation of the Discs Large Tumor Suppressor by a

Chapter 6
Chapter 6

... membranes that compartmentalize their functions • The basic structural and functional unit of every organism is one of two types of cells: prokaryotic or eukaryotic • Only organisms of the Domains Bacteria and Archaea consist of prokaryotic cells ...
compact bone
compact bone

... physical, social, and cultural development of humans. epiphysis - the presence of a visible line that marks the place where cartilage is being replaced by bone forensic anthropology - the study of physical anthropology as it applies to human skeletal remains in a legal setting; In addition to assist ...
Mesoderm migration in the Xenopus gastrula
Mesoderm migration in the Xenopus gastrula

... of the in vivo substrate of mesoderm migration. Mesoderm cells can attach to the BCR independently of FN, but interaction with FN is required for lamellipodia extension and cell migration on the SCR, In contrast to preinvolution mesoderm, involuted migrating mesoderm ~Iways stays on the surface of t ...
NutriStem hESC XF Serum
NutriStem hESC XF Serum

... to pass from the extracellular environment to the nucleus via three different TGF-β molecules that all activate the same intracellular receptor. This family also plays a role in cancer, heart, disease, immunity and some chromosomal abnormalities. Human Serum Albumin (HSA)2 HSA plays a multi-faceted ...
Behavior of Plants in Response to Hormones
Behavior of Plants in Response to Hormones

... again. • The H+ ion is transported by ATPase back into the cell wall, maintaining a voltage difference (or membrane potential) between the cytoplasm and wall ...
Chapter 11. Molecular Analysis of Mutations in Endogenous Genes
Chapter 11. Molecular Analysis of Mutations in Endogenous Genes

... prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, several DNA repair mechanisms capable of removing lesions from DNA exist (Friedberg, 1985). Some types of DNA damage can be repaired directly. In various organisms, alkyl transferases have been detected that are capable of removing an alkyl group from alkylated base ...
functional differentiation of enterocytes in the follicle
functional differentiation of enterocytes in the follicle

... valine has been measured using a new technique of autoradiographic analysis. Maximum uptake of valine was achieved by enterocytes present in the dome region of the FAE. Valine uptake was not seen in enterocytes present on the lower slopes of the FAE or in follicleassociated crypts. The ability of th ...
Blank Jeopardy - Lisle CUSD 202
Blank Jeopardy - Lisle CUSD 202

... If the eyepiece of a microscope is 10x and the objective is 45x, when I multiply the two numbers I get 450x. What did I just ...
Introduction
Introduction

... (GPI) membrane anchor. When the expression of several GPI-anchored proteins in MDCK cells was examined, several GPI-anchored proteins were found on the apical plasma membrane exclusively (Lisanti et al., 1988). Lisanti et al. thus concluded that that the GPI-anchor may contain the necessary informat ...
Maintenance of Shoot and Floral Meristem Cell
Maintenance of Shoot and Floral Meristem Cell

... forms, suggesting that cell-cell interactions probably dictate the boundaries of the WUS expression domain. WUS-expressing cells in the interior of the shoot meristem signal to their overlying neighbors to specify them as pluripotent stem cells (Brand et al., 2000; Schoof et al., 2000). Loss-of-func ...
Non-human Primate Schlafen11 Inhibits Production of Both
Non-human Primate Schlafen11 Inhibits Production of Both

... activity of each primate Schlafen11 is consistent across the target proteins tested, species-specific differences in Schlafen11 appear to have more to do with differences in the basic function of these homologs rather than their ability to recognize particular viral patterns. In line with this model ...
Phosphorylation of eIF2α in response to 26S proteasome inhibition
Phosphorylation of eIF2α in response to 26S proteasome inhibition

... factors c-Jun and c-Fos are a few examples of the multitude of proteins degraded by the 26S proteasome [8]. Previously, several contradictory studies on the effect of the 26S proteasome inhibition on protein synthesis rate have been published. For instance, Schubert et al. [9] indicated that treatin ...
In Plant and Animal Cells, Detergent-Resistant
In Plant and Animal Cells, Detergent-Resistant

... rafts. We find the plant science literature to be lagging behind in its treatment of DRM methodology. Although membrane rafts, or lateral membrane compartments, exist in some form as functional entities in plant and fungal cells, it is important to recognize that they are not equivalent to DRMs and ...
Oligosaccharide signalling for defense responses in plant
Oligosaccharide signalling for defense responses in plant

... but linear b-1,3-linked glucooligosaccharides (laminarioligosaccharides) were active elicitors [47]. Interestingly, a cyclic 1,3- 1,6-linked b-glucan secreted by a symbiotic bacterium, Bradyrhizobioum japonicum, was reported to act as a suppressor for the induction of phytoalexin biosynthesis in soy ...
$doc.title

... that   flank   the   V,   D   and   J   gene   segments,   and   join   cleaved   ends   by   non-­‐homologous   end   joining   (NHEJ).   After   rearrangement   is   complete,   cells   become   pre-­‐B   cells,   expressing   the   Igμ   h ...
Zasp is required for the assembly of functional integrin adhesion sites
Zasp is required for the assembly of functional integrin adhesion sites

... staining typical of integrin adhesion sites, with bright foci along the cell edge and streaks in areas of potentially increased local forces (Fig. 1 A). In contrast, S2 cells spread on concanavalin A do not exhibit these integrin adhesion sites (Fig. 1 B). Instead of distinct foci and streaks, βPS i ...
Anatomy of Cells
Anatomy of Cells

... introduced in Chapter 1 and is evident in the relationships that exist between cell size, shape, and function. Almost all human cells are microscopic in size (Table 3-1). Their diameters range from 7.5 micrometers (µm) (example, red blood cells) to about 150 µm (example, female sex cell or ovum). Th ...
How do neurons degenerate in prion diseases or transmissible
How do neurons degenerate in prion diseases or transmissible

... (O’Donovan et al. 2001). ext, intracellular Ca2+ concentration raises and another family of proteases, calpains are activated. To the contrary, Thellung et al. (2000) found that intracellular Ca2+ concentration is decreased in vitro in rat granule cells following treatment with PrP106-126 and such a ...
Model Questions 1
Model Questions 1

... d- Branched 32- Which of the following terms does not describe muscle tissue? a- covering b- producing heat c- maintaining posture ...
necessary amino acids and vitamins
necessary amino acids and vitamins

... which attached to the glass was estimated with an inverted microscope by measuring the average number attached cells per field-of-view. This value was used to calculate the number of population divisions. The percent attachment values from all passages in a given series were averaged and this value ...
IGF-1 induces rat glomerular mesangial cells to accumulate
IGF-1 induces rat glomerular mesangial cells to accumulate

... LDL (AcLDL) binding and degradation; and levels of protein expression of sterol-regulatory element binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c), the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR), PPAR␣, PPAR␥ and PPAR␦, scavenger receptor (SR) SR-B1, CD36, ATP-binding cassette A-1 (ABCA-1), and 3-hydroxy-3-me ...
Jamming prokaryotic cell-to-cell communications in a model biofilm†
Jamming prokaryotic cell-to-cell communications in a model biofilm†

... bacterial reproduction, we allow b to vary with time according to bg2t/v, where n is the rate constant for doubling. Using eqn (1) we simulated and fit the GFP-LVA expression measured by the fluorescence data to extract parameters that described GFP production and degradation, and the C6-HSL concent ...
Designing the deconstruction of plant cell walls
Designing the deconstruction of plant cell walls

... Architectures of lignocellulosic biomass McCann and Carpita 315 ...
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Amitosis

Amitosis (a- + mitosis) is absence of mitosis, the usual form of cell division in the cells of eukaryotes. There are several senses in which eukaryotic cells can be amitotic. One refers to capability for non-mitotic division and the other refers to lack of capability for division. In one sense of the word, which is now mostly obsolete, amitosis is cell division in eukaryotic cells that happens without the usual features of mitosis as seen on microscopy, namely, without nuclear envelope breakdown and without formation of mitotic spindle and condensed chromosomes as far as microscopy can detect. However, most examples of cell division formerly thought to belong to this supposedly ""non-mitotic"" class, such as the division of unicellular eukaryotes, are today recognized as belonging to a class of mitosis called closed mitosis. A spectrum of mitotic activity can be categorized as open, semi-closed, and closed mitosis, depending on the fate of the nuclear envelope. An exception is the division of ciliate macronucleus, which is not mitotic, and the reference to this process as amitosis may be the only legitimate use of the ""non-mitotic division"" sense of the term today. In animals and plants which normally have open mitosis, the microscopic picture described in the 19th century as amitosis most likely corresponded to apoptosis, a process of programmed cell death associated with fragmentation of the nucleus and cytoplasm. Relatedly, even in the late 19th century cytologists mentioned that in larger life forms, amitosis is a ""forerunner of degeneration"".Another sense of amitotic refers to cells of certain tissues that are usually no longer capable of mitosis once the organism has matured into adulthood. In humans this is true of various muscle and nerve tissue types; if the existing ones are damaged, they cannot be replaced with new ones of equal capability. For example, cardiac muscle destroyed by heart attack and nerves destroyed by piercing trauma usually cannot regenerate. In contrast, skin cells are capable of mitosis throughout adulthood; old skin cells that die and slough off are replaced with new ones. Human liver tissue also has a sort of dormant regenerative ability; it is usually not needed or expressed but can be elicited if needed.
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