Ch. 27 & 28 Notes
... Experiments using prokaryotes have led to important advances in DNA technology Prokaryotes are the principal agents in bioremediation The use of organisms to remove pollutants from the environment Prokaryotes are also major tools in Mining, the synthesis of vitamins, production of antibiot ...
... Experiments using prokaryotes have led to important advances in DNA technology Prokaryotes are the principal agents in bioremediation The use of organisms to remove pollutants from the environment Prokaryotes are also major tools in Mining, the synthesis of vitamins, production of antibiot ...
Retinal Ganglion Cells in Goldfish
... total of 15 subtypes (four for three types, three for the other). The retina of the goldfish grows by a balloon-like expansion, and by the addition of new neurons, in annuli, at the margin. Therefore, a similar cell type may be examined at a variety of stages of development in the same retina, as we ...
... total of 15 subtypes (four for three types, three for the other). The retina of the goldfish grows by a balloon-like expansion, and by the addition of new neurons, in annuli, at the margin. Therefore, a similar cell type may be examined at a variety of stages of development in the same retina, as we ...
Molecular General and Genetics
... physical and chemical properties of cationic PODs have been the subject of numerous studies. Analysis and comparison of POD sequences has shown that plant PODs are not related to any known animal heme-containing POD, whereas they are structurally homologous to yeast cytochrome c POD and bacterial ca ...
... physical and chemical properties of cationic PODs have been the subject of numerous studies. Analysis and comparison of POD sequences has shown that plant PODs are not related to any known animal heme-containing POD, whereas they are structurally homologous to yeast cytochrome c POD and bacterial ca ...
Photosynthetic acclimation in the context of structural constraints to
... plasmodesmatal connections between mesophyll and phloem tissues are frequent, and sugar diffuses all the way from the mesophyll to the sieve elements via plasmodesmata (Gamalei 1989, 1991; van Bel 1993). In these species, the minor vein companion cells are very distinctive, with extremely abundant, ...
... plasmodesmatal connections between mesophyll and phloem tissues are frequent, and sugar diffuses all the way from the mesophyll to the sieve elements via plasmodesmata (Gamalei 1989, 1991; van Bel 1993). In these species, the minor vein companion cells are very distinctive, with extremely abundant, ...
Arabidopsis mutants in sphingolipid synthesis as tools to
... interactions and tracking of fluorescent particles may give more information of the PD microdomains (Jacobson et al., 2007; Pike, 2009; Lingwood and Simons, 2010). Given the high elusiveness of the structure and organization of PD, microdomain studies require other approaches as the use of Arabidops ...
... interactions and tracking of fluorescent particles may give more information of the PD microdomains (Jacobson et al., 2007; Pike, 2009; Lingwood and Simons, 2010). Given the high elusiveness of the structure and organization of PD, microdomain studies require other approaches as the use of Arabidops ...
Japanese encephalitis virus replication is negatively regulated by
... several viral infections. Here we examine the role of autophagy in the life cycle of JEV, a neurotropic flavivirus. JEV infection leads to induction of autophagy in several cell types. JEV replication was significantly enhanced in neuronal cells where autophagy was rendered dysfunctional by ATG7 dep ...
... several viral infections. Here we examine the role of autophagy in the life cycle of JEV, a neurotropic flavivirus. JEV infection leads to induction of autophagy in several cell types. JEV replication was significantly enhanced in neuronal cells where autophagy was rendered dysfunctional by ATG7 dep ...
Full-Text PDF
... 3.1. gK/pUL20 Cause the Internalization of gD and gH/gL in Transfected Cells Whilst it is known that gM can mediate the internalization of gD and gH/gL [6], subsequent studies suggest that during infection other mechanisms may also be in place to mediate gD and gH/gL localization to viral assembly c ...
... 3.1. gK/pUL20 Cause the Internalization of gD and gH/gL in Transfected Cells Whilst it is known that gM can mediate the internalization of gD and gH/gL [6], subsequent studies suggest that during infection other mechanisms may also be in place to mediate gD and gH/gL localization to viral assembly c ...
Translocation of Magnaporthe oryzae Effectors into
... Determining the nature of the interface between blast IH and the host cytoplasm is critical for understanding translocation of blast effectors into the host cytoplasm. So far, two lines of evidence suggest that IH are sealed within a distinct apoplastic compartment that is separated from both the sy ...
... Determining the nature of the interface between blast IH and the host cytoplasm is critical for understanding translocation of blast effectors into the host cytoplasm. So far, two lines of evidence suggest that IH are sealed within a distinct apoplastic compartment that is separated from both the sy ...
Long-Term Persistent Vesicular Stomatitis Virus and Rabies Virus
... persistently infected carrier cell line described previously (Holland & Villarreal, I974). It was established originally using B virions and T particles of the ts G3I mutant of Pringle (I97o). This carrier was twice re-exposed to ts 31 B virions at m.o.i. = IOO to ensure infection of every cell. (Th ...
... persistently infected carrier cell line described previously (Holland & Villarreal, I974). It was established originally using B virions and T particles of the ts G3I mutant of Pringle (I97o). This carrier was twice re-exposed to ts 31 B virions at m.o.i. = IOO to ensure infection of every cell. (Th ...
COTYLEDON VASCULAR PATTERN2–Mediated
... mutant, and because transgenic plants harboring full-length TAC clones failed to complement cvp2, we were able to further refine the map position of CVP2 to overlapping BACs T25N20 and F3F20. Additional potential CVP2-containing clones derived from a BAC F3F20 library and a binary cosmid library (Sc ...
... mutant, and because transgenic plants harboring full-length TAC clones failed to complement cvp2, we were able to further refine the map position of CVP2 to overlapping BACs T25N20 and F3F20. Additional potential CVP2-containing clones derived from a BAC F3F20 library and a binary cosmid library (Sc ...
Resistance of IAPs to methylation reprogramming may provide a
... also reported in primordial germ cells (Walsh et al., 1998; Hajkova et al., 2002). However, a precise analysis by bisulphite sequencing of these elements at various critical stages of development is lacking. Such an analysis is particularly important in the light of observations of epigenetic inheri ...
... also reported in primordial germ cells (Walsh et al., 1998; Hajkova et al., 2002). However, a precise analysis by bisulphite sequencing of these elements at various critical stages of development is lacking. Such an analysis is particularly important in the light of observations of epigenetic inheri ...
Inflammation and fever
... of their DNA, RNA and vital proteins. Extremly low temperature is able to form crystals inside the cell. Mild decrease in temperature causes paralysis of vasomotors and an increase in permeability of vessels. Blood viscosity rises proportionally with the lowering temperature and cells are destroyed ...
... of their DNA, RNA and vital proteins. Extremly low temperature is able to form crystals inside the cell. Mild decrease in temperature causes paralysis of vasomotors and an increase in permeability of vessels. Blood viscosity rises proportionally with the lowering temperature and cells are destroyed ...
Auxin transport through non-hair cells sustains root
... Auxin distribution is controlled by the movement of auxin into and out of individual cells. Protonated auxin enters cells from the cell wall by diffusion, while the ion enters via the activity of AUX1/LAX auxin-influx facilitators. AUX1 activity increases efficiency of auxin uptake compared to diffu ...
... Auxin distribution is controlled by the movement of auxin into and out of individual cells. Protonated auxin enters cells from the cell wall by diffusion, while the ion enters via the activity of AUX1/LAX auxin-influx facilitators. AUX1 activity increases efficiency of auxin uptake compared to diffu ...
Complex array of endobionts in Petalomonas sphagnophila
... characteristics of P. sphagnophila is the presence of several green-pigmented particles B5 lm in diameter in its cytoplasm, which a previously published study suggested to be cyanobacterial endosymbionts. New data presented here, however, suggest that the green intracellular body may not be a cyanob ...
... characteristics of P. sphagnophila is the presence of several green-pigmented particles B5 lm in diameter in its cytoplasm, which a previously published study suggested to be cyanobacterial endosymbionts. New data presented here, however, suggest that the green intracellular body may not be a cyanob ...
Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions
... MaEXP1 encodes an α-expansin protein and, furthermore, that MaEXP1, similar to its soybean counterparts, GmEXP1 and GmEXP2 (Lee et al. 2003), may exist as a single-copy gene. Transcript accumulation in roots following inoculation. The level of MaEXP1 transcript accumulation was analyzed in roots at ...
... MaEXP1 encodes an α-expansin protein and, furthermore, that MaEXP1, similar to its soybean counterparts, GmEXP1 and GmEXP2 (Lee et al. 2003), may exist as a single-copy gene. Transcript accumulation in roots following inoculation. The level of MaEXP1 transcript accumulation was analyzed in roots at ...
Short Article Zebrafish Slow Muscle Cell Migration Induces a Wave
... change in cell shape is necessary for normal myofiber contractility and function. It has been thought that nascent myocytes that give rise to the chick myotome are derived from two populations of stem cells in the dermomyotome, the dorsomedial lip and the ventrolateral lip (Denetclaw et al., 1997, 2 ...
... change in cell shape is necessary for normal myofiber contractility and function. It has been thought that nascent myocytes that give rise to the chick myotome are derived from two populations of stem cells in the dermomyotome, the dorsomedial lip and the ventrolateral lip (Denetclaw et al., 1997, 2 ...
The membrane form of the DNA repair protein Ku interacts at the cell
... Figure 1 Ku80 and MMP-9 interaction in yeast cells. (A) Schematic domain structure of full-length Ku80 and MMP-9 and schematic representation of deletion constructs. Ku80 (aa 222–732) fused to GAL4 DNA-binding domain was used as bait in a two-hybrid screen of cDNA human bone marrow library. (B) In t ...
... Figure 1 Ku80 and MMP-9 interaction in yeast cells. (A) Schematic domain structure of full-length Ku80 and MMP-9 and schematic representation of deletion constructs. Ku80 (aa 222–732) fused to GAL4 DNA-binding domain was used as bait in a two-hybrid screen of cDNA human bone marrow library. (B) In t ...
Review Article Expression and Function of the Endocannabinoid
... Endocannabinoids are important retrograde modulators of synaptic transmission throughout the nervous system. Cannabinoid receptors are seven transmembrane G-protein coupled receptors favoring Gi/o protein. They are known to play an important role in various processes, including metabolic regulation, ...
... Endocannabinoids are important retrograde modulators of synaptic transmission throughout the nervous system. Cannabinoid receptors are seven transmembrane G-protein coupled receptors favoring Gi/o protein. They are known to play an important role in various processes, including metabolic regulation, ...
BS Biology: Physician Assistant
... prescribing medication; and counseling patients about preventative care. Upon graduation, PAs take a national certification examination administered by the National Commission on Certification of Physician Assistants. PAs work in all areas of medicine, with most working in general or family practice ...
... prescribing medication; and counseling patients about preventative care. Upon graduation, PAs take a national certification examination administered by the National Commission on Certification of Physician Assistants. PAs work in all areas of medicine, with most working in general or family practice ...
Lactose Uptake Driven by Galactose Efflux in Streptococcus
... Organisms and growth conditions. S. thermophilus TS2 was used for all experiments. This strain is unable to ferment free galactose and excretes galactose into the extracellular environment when grown in medium containing excess lactose (21, 22). The organism was routinely propagated at 42°C in Ellik ...
... Organisms and growth conditions. S. thermophilus TS2 was used for all experiments. This strain is unable to ferment free galactose and excretes galactose into the extracellular environment when grown in medium containing excess lactose (21, 22). The organism was routinely propagated at 42°C in Ellik ...
univERsity oF copEnhAGEn
... 2008), and cell wall pH has been measured by use of pHluorins (Gao et al., 2004) or apo-pHusion (Gjetting et al., 2012) secreted to the apoplast. Looking closer at these experiments, some obvious similarities are seen. It can be argued that successful experiments are often carried out in single cell ...
... 2008), and cell wall pH has been measured by use of pHluorins (Gao et al., 2004) or apo-pHusion (Gjetting et al., 2012) secreted to the apoplast. Looking closer at these experiments, some obvious similarities are seen. It can be argued that successful experiments are often carried out in single cell ...
1.2 Unifying Themes of Biology
... • Homeostasis is the maintenance of constant, stable internal conditions through automatic response and behavior. Organisms must maintain homeostasis to survive in diverse environments • Temperature regulation ...
... • Homeostasis is the maintenance of constant, stable internal conditions through automatic response and behavior. Organisms must maintain homeostasis to survive in diverse environments • Temperature regulation ...
Two Plant–Viral Movement Proteins Traffic in the
... localization and plasmodesmatal targeting. Later in the expression cycle, both fusion proteins were incorporated into vesicular structures. TGB2 associated with these structures on its own, but TGB3 could not be incorporated into the vesicles in the absence of TGB2. Moreover, in addition to localiza ...
... localization and plasmodesmatal targeting. Later in the expression cycle, both fusion proteins were incorporated into vesicular structures. TGB2 associated with these structures on its own, but TGB3 could not be incorporated into the vesicles in the absence of TGB2. Moreover, in addition to localiza ...
Motor protein control of ion flux is an early step in embryonic left
... synthesize a number of recent findings into a different model for the initiation of LR asymmetry. The goal is not to focus on problems with the cilia model or to rule out cilia as part of LR patterning; some aspect of the cilia model is almost surely right (at least in mice). Instead, I would like t ...
... synthesize a number of recent findings into a different model for the initiation of LR asymmetry. The goal is not to focus on problems with the cilia model or to rule out cilia as part of LR patterning; some aspect of the cilia model is almost surely right (at least in mice). Instead, I would like t ...
Complex Receptive Fields in Primary Visual Cortex
... brightness modified the firing rate of a retinal ganglion cell. Kuffler (1953) would later demonstrate that Hartline’s receptive field had a specific spatial structure known as center surround, and in a series of studies to follow, Hubel and Wiesel (1959, 1961, 1962, 1965) would extend the term rece ...
... brightness modified the firing rate of a retinal ganglion cell. Kuffler (1953) would later demonstrate that Hartline’s receptive field had a specific spatial structure known as center surround, and in a series of studies to follow, Hubel and Wiesel (1959, 1961, 1962, 1965) would extend the term rece ...