Mast cells and basophils in acquired immunity
... Studies in murine rodents, non-human primates, and humans indicate that many aspects of mast cell development and survival are critically regulated by stem cell factor (SCF), the ligand for the c-kit tyrosine growth factor receptor, which is expressed on the mast cell surface7-16'17. For example, lo ...
... Studies in murine rodents, non-human primates, and humans indicate that many aspects of mast cell development and survival are critically regulated by stem cell factor (SCF), the ligand for the c-kit tyrosine growth factor receptor, which is expressed on the mast cell surface7-16'17. For example, lo ...
TLR-Dependent Th17 Activation Psoriasis
... chain in B cells and in DCs, thereby generating CLIP (11). Cathepsin K (CTSK) is highly expressed in osteoclasts, and is involved in the degradation of bone matrices, such as type I collagen (12). CTSK does not show Ag-processing capabilities, but facilitates the signaling of innate immune responses ...
... chain in B cells and in DCs, thereby generating CLIP (11). Cathepsin K (CTSK) is highly expressed in osteoclasts, and is involved in the degradation of bone matrices, such as type I collagen (12). CTSK does not show Ag-processing capabilities, but facilitates the signaling of innate immune responses ...
question
... •The process which generates genetically identical “buds” that break off to become a new organism is called/the process in which a fragment is broken off of an organism and grows into a new organism is called ...
... •The process which generates genetically identical “buds” that break off to become a new organism is called/the process in which a fragment is broken off of an organism and grows into a new organism is called ...
1 METT-10, A Putative Methyltransferase, Inhibits Germ
... phospho-histone-3 (pH3, metaphase marker) nuclei were seen in mett-10(oz36) mutants, indicative of ectopic mitosis (Figure 1D-E). These cells were negative for the meiotic marker, GLD-1 (HANSEN et al. 2004b). Thus, these data argue that the mett-10(oz36) mutation causes proliferation of germ cells w ...
... phospho-histone-3 (pH3, metaphase marker) nuclei were seen in mett-10(oz36) mutants, indicative of ectopic mitosis (Figure 1D-E). These cells were negative for the meiotic marker, GLD-1 (HANSEN et al. 2004b). Thus, these data argue that the mett-10(oz36) mutation causes proliferation of germ cells w ...
1 - UvA-DARE - University of Amsterdam
... Condorelli paper. Since then a consensus has been reached and the protein is now called GFAPδ (Condorelli et al., 1999; Middeldorp and Hol, 2011; Nielsen et al., 2002; Thomsen et al., 2013). Blechingberg and colleagues studied alternative splicing with a GFAP minigene construct and showed that the e ...
... Condorelli paper. Since then a consensus has been reached and the protein is now called GFAPδ (Condorelli et al., 1999; Middeldorp and Hol, 2011; Nielsen et al., 2002; Thomsen et al., 2013). Blechingberg and colleagues studied alternative splicing with a GFAP minigene construct and showed that the e ...
Treadmilling by FtsZ filaments drives peptidoglycan
... (Fig. 3A, 3H, Movie SM4) or by depleting cells of Pbp2B (Fig. 3B, 3H, Movie SM5). We then tested if directional FtsAZ motion is due to filament treadmilling, as observed for FtsAZ assembled upon lipid bilayers in vitro (22). Consistent with treadmilling, sparse labeling of FtsZ or FtsA in cells demo ...
... (Fig. 3A, 3H, Movie SM4) or by depleting cells of Pbp2B (Fig. 3B, 3H, Movie SM5). We then tested if directional FtsAZ motion is due to filament treadmilling, as observed for FtsAZ assembled upon lipid bilayers in vitro (22). Consistent with treadmilling, sparse labeling of FtsZ or FtsA in cells demo ...
Quantitative profiling of initiating ribosomes in vivo - Shu
... correlation was partially due to reduced elongation speed under nutrient starvation that potentially increases the CDS ribosome occupancy (Supplementary Fig. 6). From the comprehensive data sets acquired from QTI-seq and Ribo-seq, we identified a large number of transcripts that underwent twofold ch ...
... correlation was partially due to reduced elongation speed under nutrient starvation that potentially increases the CDS ribosome occupancy (Supplementary Fig. 6). From the comprehensive data sets acquired from QTI-seq and Ribo-seq, we identified a large number of transcripts that underwent twofold ch ...
lithium-metal-polymer batteries: from the electrochemical
... In the LMP electrochemical cell, there is no secondary reaction comparable to electrolysis in liquid electrolyte systems during the recharge to limit the voltage at the end of charge. The electrochemical leakage current, although very small, is not equal from one cell to another. Over time, this dif ...
... In the LMP electrochemical cell, there is no secondary reaction comparable to electrolysis in liquid electrolyte systems during the recharge to limit the voltage at the end of charge. The electrochemical leakage current, although very small, is not equal from one cell to another. Over time, this dif ...
An improved system for competent cell preparation and
... This influx of water causes the cells to swell and is necessary for the uptake of DNA; the exact mechanism of this uptake is unknown. Our experiments have shown that different strains of E. coli have different growth characteristics, such as E. coli: XL1 blue, TG1 and DH5α, therefore, the optimal OD ...
... This influx of water causes the cells to swell and is necessary for the uptake of DNA; the exact mechanism of this uptake is unknown. Our experiments have shown that different strains of E. coli have different growth characteristics, such as E. coli: XL1 blue, TG1 and DH5α, therefore, the optimal OD ...
Cellular transcription factors that interact with p6 promoter elements
... Fig. 2. Binding of cellular transcription factors to region D of the p6 promoter. EMSAs were performed with 32P-labelled oligonucleotides and 5 µg nuclear extracts prepared from HeLa cells (A) and from K562 and BJAB cells (B). After electrophoresis, the gels were exposed to X-ray film. The assignmen ...
... Fig. 2. Binding of cellular transcription factors to region D of the p6 promoter. EMSAs were performed with 32P-labelled oligonucleotides and 5 µg nuclear extracts prepared from HeLa cells (A) and from K562 and BJAB cells (B). After electrophoresis, the gels were exposed to X-ray film. The assignmen ...
Allogeneic T regulatory cell–mediated
... Past work25 also showed delayed (MST ⫽ 48 days) rejection when grafting allogeneic skin from F1 mice as long as 1 haplotype was ...
... Past work25 also showed delayed (MST ⫽ 48 days) rejection when grafting allogeneic skin from F1 mice as long as 1 haplotype was ...
chlamydomonas gymnogama and - The Journal of Cell Biology
... nants. It is possible that partial lysis of cell walls tein similar chemically to that of cell walls reinoccurs before and during the wall-shedding proc- forces the idea that what are at present undetectaess, as partial lysis of cell walls has been observed ble or relatively subtle differences in ch ...
... nants. It is possible that partial lysis of cell walls tein similar chemically to that of cell walls reinoccurs before and during the wall-shedding proc- forces the idea that what are at present undetectaess, as partial lysis of cell walls has been observed ble or relatively subtle differences in ch ...
Bacterial ancestry of actin and tubulin Fusinita van den Ent, Linda
... segregation that must resemble a mechanism almost as sophisticated as the eukaryotic mitotic spindle. A first indication of a cytoskeletal protein in prokaryotes is the resemblance between tubulin and FtsZ. These proteins are structurally related and both have a pivotal role in defining the division ...
... segregation that must resemble a mechanism almost as sophisticated as the eukaryotic mitotic spindle. A first indication of a cytoskeletal protein in prokaryotes is the resemblance between tubulin and FtsZ. These proteins are structurally related and both have a pivotal role in defining the division ...
The Dynamic Changes of Tonoplasts in Guard
... guard cells contained many small vacuoles when the stomata were closed. They were largely spherical and had a diameter of 1 to 5 mm (Fig. 1A). As stomata opening proceeded, the number of vacuoles decreased in each guard cell, but the size of vacuoles increased accordingly (Fig. 1, A–C). To facilitat ...
... guard cells contained many small vacuoles when the stomata were closed. They were largely spherical and had a diameter of 1 to 5 mm (Fig. 1A). As stomata opening proceeded, the number of vacuoles decreased in each guard cell, but the size of vacuoles increased accordingly (Fig. 1, A–C). To facilitat ...
Chapter 5 pages/jg - Sinauer Associates
... being the first person to report seeing protists, in about 1675. In fact, Leeuwenhoek was the first to describe a number of microscopic aquatic life forms (e.g., rotifers), referring to them as animalcules (little animals). For nearly 200 years, protists were classified along with a great variety of ...
... being the first person to report seeing protists, in about 1675. In fact, Leeuwenhoek was the first to describe a number of microscopic aquatic life forms (e.g., rotifers), referring to them as animalcules (little animals). For nearly 200 years, protists were classified along with a great variety of ...
Movement of Ions and Electrogenesis in Microorganisms
... the external medium, and that (Evat.) be- for both potassium and chloride are within tween the vacuole and the medium vary a few millivolts of the observed potential somewhat with species (Stolarek, 1968) difference across the tonoplast. It is posand with conditions (Findlay, et ah, sible, because o ...
... the external medium, and that (Evat.) be- for both potassium and chloride are within tween the vacuole and the medium vary a few millivolts of the observed potential somewhat with species (Stolarek, 1968) difference across the tonoplast. It is posand with conditions (Findlay, et ah, sible, because o ...
The Vacuolar Proton-Cation Exchanger EcNHX1
... wall-localized proteins, and other defense constituents (Tsunezuka et al., 2005; Truman et al., 2007). This complexity is based on widely ramified signal cascades that use ubiquitous intermediates such as jasmonates (Blechert et al., 1995; Memelink et al., 2001), calcium ions, and salicylates and are ...
... wall-localized proteins, and other defense constituents (Tsunezuka et al., 2005; Truman et al., 2007). This complexity is based on widely ramified signal cascades that use ubiquitous intermediates such as jasmonates (Blechert et al., 1995; Memelink et al., 2001), calcium ions, and salicylates and are ...
The retinoblastoma homolog RBR1 mediates localization of the
... into DNA replication phase (S-phase), we first tested whether rbr1 mutants are sensitive to hydroxyurea (HU, also called hydroxycarbamide). HU depletes the dNTP pools in a cell by inhibiting ribonucleotide reductase leading to an arrest of replication forks and subsequent DNA breakage (Yarbro, 1992) ...
... into DNA replication phase (S-phase), we first tested whether rbr1 mutants are sensitive to hydroxyurea (HU, also called hydroxycarbamide). HU depletes the dNTP pools in a cell by inhibiting ribonucleotide reductase leading to an arrest of replication forks and subsequent DNA breakage (Yarbro, 1992) ...
animal phyla - Sakshieducation.com
... Which of the following character is evolved for the first time in phylum annelida? a) Organ-system level of body organization b) Bilateral symmetry c) Triploblastic d) Metameric segmentation Neural system in annelid consists of paired ganglia connected by lateral nerves to nerves cord. The nerve cor ...
... Which of the following character is evolved for the first time in phylum annelida? a) Organ-system level of body organization b) Bilateral symmetry c) Triploblastic d) Metameric segmentation Neural system in annelid consists of paired ganglia connected by lateral nerves to nerves cord. The nerve cor ...
In all vertebrate embryos examined so far, the first
... specific staining of the granules of granulocytes . We found this staining method to be strikingly efficient when applied to whole fixed zebrafish embryos, larvae, and even juvenile (over 1-month old) fish (Figure 1). At medium magnification, the staining nicely delineates the often amoeboid granulo ...
... specific staining of the granules of granulocytes . We found this staining method to be strikingly efficient when applied to whole fixed zebrafish embryos, larvae, and even juvenile (over 1-month old) fish (Figure 1). At medium magnification, the staining nicely delineates the often amoeboid granulo ...
Chapter 7 final - Spiral
... lacking the active genes coding for proteinase A (PEP4) and proteinase B (PRB1). Previous work has shown that use of this strain has resulted in higher expression levels of GPCRs, most probably as a result of reduced proteolytic degradation (2, 3). As mentioned in Chapter 4, generation of the P. pas ...
... lacking the active genes coding for proteinase A (PEP4) and proteinase B (PRB1). Previous work has shown that use of this strain has resulted in higher expression levels of GPCRs, most probably as a result of reduced proteolytic degradation (2, 3). As mentioned in Chapter 4, generation of the P. pas ...
DV axis HT12
... Maternal effect genes Dorsal/Ventral patterning Multiple signalling pathways are involved in setting up D-V patterning. These pathways are used in different contexts during development and are highly conserved in different organisms. ...
... Maternal effect genes Dorsal/Ventral patterning Multiple signalling pathways are involved in setting up D-V patterning. These pathways are used in different contexts during development and are highly conserved in different organisms. ...
The Social Lives of Microbes
... other individuals have posed particular problems for evolutionary biologists because although the cost of a cooperative behavior may be very obvious, the benefits are often obscure. We do not discuss the use and misuse of terms such as cooperation and altruism, as we have recently covered that in det ...
... other individuals have posed particular problems for evolutionary biologists because although the cost of a cooperative behavior may be very obvious, the benefits are often obscure. We do not discuss the use and misuse of terms such as cooperation and altruism, as we have recently covered that in det ...
Cell Structure and Function
... • What kind of mechanisms and adaptations do cells have to survive in a variety of conditions. – For example, some animals and single-celled organisms can survive in hypotonic environments. ...
... • What kind of mechanisms and adaptations do cells have to survive in a variety of conditions. – For example, some animals and single-celled organisms can survive in hypotonic environments. ...