Genetic Control of Fusion Pore Expansion in the Epidermis of
... and recognition and adhesion between myoblasts (Doberstein et al., 1997; Abmayr et al., 2003; Chen et al., 2003). However, genes necessary and sufficient for the actual merger of two plasma membranes into one have not been reported in other developmental cell fusion reactions outside syncytin-mediat ...
... and recognition and adhesion between myoblasts (Doberstein et al., 1997; Abmayr et al., 2003; Chen et al., 2003). However, genes necessary and sufficient for the actual merger of two plasma membranes into one have not been reported in other developmental cell fusion reactions outside syncytin-mediat ...
Identity and activity of marine microbial populations as
... Microbial ecology was limited to the identification of the isolates that could be recovered on solid media, which represented as little as 0,1% of the total counts by epifluore scence microscopy (Kogure et al., 1978; Ferguson et al., 1984; Amann et al., 1995). The first cultivation independent insig ...
... Microbial ecology was limited to the identification of the isolates that could be recovered on solid media, which represented as little as 0,1% of the total counts by epifluore scence microscopy (Kogure et al., 1978; Ferguson et al., 1984; Amann et al., 1995). The first cultivation independent insig ...
Tuberculosis vaccines – rethinking the current paradigm
... on vaccination strategies TB can be broadly characterized as primary disease (following a recent exposure) or LTBI, which is clinically defined as an individual demonstrating pre-existing cellular memory against MTB antigens (e.g., via a positive tuberculin skin test) but without clinical disease sy ...
... on vaccination strategies TB can be broadly characterized as primary disease (following a recent exposure) or LTBI, which is clinically defined as an individual demonstrating pre-existing cellular memory against MTB antigens (e.g., via a positive tuberculin skin test) but without clinical disease sy ...
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... 6 h of culture (Table 3). Ultrastructural damage to the SER was detectable within 4 h of treatment (Fig. 6) but could be overcome if cholesterol or serum cholesterol (as FCS) was added to the culture within this period. The influence of the age of the embryo on its susceptibility to treatment with 7 ...
... 6 h of culture (Table 3). Ultrastructural damage to the SER was detectable within 4 h of treatment (Fig. 6) but could be overcome if cholesterol or serum cholesterol (as FCS) was added to the culture within this period. The influence of the age of the embryo on its susceptibility to treatment with 7 ...
Cytotoxicity of 1,2-epoxynaphthalene Is Correlated with
... GC-MS and compared to authentic standards; quantification was achieved by reference to an internal standard, ethylthionaphthalene (compound 2). Only CYP1A1-expressing cells yielded a dominant peak with a mass of m/z 174 and a retention time of approximately 9.75 min, corresponding to 2-methylthionap ...
... GC-MS and compared to authentic standards; quantification was achieved by reference to an internal standard, ethylthionaphthalene (compound 2). Only CYP1A1-expressing cells yielded a dominant peak with a mass of m/z 174 and a retention time of approximately 9.75 min, corresponding to 2-methylthionap ...
MESOPHYLL STRUCTURE AND CHLOROPLAST DENSITY IN
... and water use efficiency, and vice versa; plants that have maximal integral indexes grow in habitats at the ecological optimum for the given species (Pyankov et al., 1998; Ivanova and Pyankov, 2002). ...
... and water use efficiency, and vice versa; plants that have maximal integral indexes grow in habitats at the ecological optimum for the given species (Pyankov et al., 1998; Ivanova and Pyankov, 2002). ...
Centrosome misorientation mediates slowing of the cell cycle under
... presented as the mean ± SD in all figures. n > 300/data point. Flies were cultured in the Supplemental Table S1 for media recipe). indicated media until the adult stage and then kept in/transferred to the indicated media at day The poor media, which contained a lower 0. (c) An example of an apical t ...
... presented as the mean ± SD in all figures. n > 300/data point. Flies were cultured in the Supplemental Table S1 for media recipe). indicated media until the adult stage and then kept in/transferred to the indicated media at day The poor media, which contained a lower 0. (c) An example of an apical t ...
RNA Bound to Its Arginine-Rich Domain Particles Is Facilitated by
... correlate with high rates of virus replication, high levels of viremia, and high infectivity. The core AUG directs expression of the 183–185 residue particle-forming 21-kDa core protein (HBcAg) (Fig. 1A). HBcAg derived from the HBV subtype adw contains two additional residues at position 151 and 152 ...
... correlate with high rates of virus replication, high levels of viremia, and high infectivity. The core AUG directs expression of the 183–185 residue particle-forming 21-kDa core protein (HBcAg) (Fig. 1A). HBcAg derived from the HBV subtype adw contains two additional residues at position 151 and 152 ...
spp. Listeria Freeze-Thaw Tolerance of Role of Growth
... due to food-borne illness in the United States and other industrialized nations. Neonates, pregnant women, and immunocompromised people are at high risk for infection (15, 28, 37). Outbreaks of listeriosis tend to involve a relatively small number of closely related strains (“epidemic clones”), prim ...
... due to food-borne illness in the United States and other industrialized nations. Neonates, pregnant women, and immunocompromised people are at high risk for infection (15, 28, 37). Outbreaks of listeriosis tend to involve a relatively small number of closely related strains (“epidemic clones”), prim ...
Wingless mutation in Drosophila melanogaster
... either as homozygote or in trans with the lethal alleles wg1–1 or wgl–6 indicated that there are two separate temperature sensitive lethal phases, one embryonic and another late larval/pupal. Further, for the embryonic development, temperatures upto 20°C were found to be permissive whereas 16°–18°C ...
... either as homozygote or in trans with the lethal alleles wg1–1 or wgl–6 indicated that there are two separate temperature sensitive lethal phases, one embryonic and another late larval/pupal. Further, for the embryonic development, temperatures upto 20°C were found to be permissive whereas 16°–18°C ...
Structural requirements of KTS-disintegrins for inhibition of α1β1
... of integrins are fibronectin, vitronectin, laminin and collagen. The collagen-binding integrins (α 1 β 1 , α 2 β 1 , α 10 β 1 and α 11 β 1 ) contain an approx. 200-amino-acid-residue (I- or A-) domain inserted between the second and the third Ca2+ -binding motifs within the N-terminal part of the α ...
... of integrins are fibronectin, vitronectin, laminin and collagen. The collagen-binding integrins (α 1 β 1 , α 2 β 1 , α 10 β 1 and α 11 β 1 ) contain an approx. 200-amino-acid-residue (I- or A-) domain inserted between the second and the third Ca2+ -binding motifs within the N-terminal part of the α ...
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... Phases of Cell Growth (cont.) Phase G2: post-synthetic phase in which the cell prepares for mitosis by producing RNA and specialized proteins Mitosis divides the cell into two G1 daughter cells G1 cells may advance again to S phase or pass into a non-proliferative stage (G0) S phase: stage of ...
... Phases of Cell Growth (cont.) Phase G2: post-synthetic phase in which the cell prepares for mitosis by producing RNA and specialized proteins Mitosis divides the cell into two G1 daughter cells G1 cells may advance again to S phase or pass into a non-proliferative stage (G0) S phase: stage of ...
Staphylococcus aureus Complement-Independent Phagocytosis of
... staphylococcal WTA blocks PGN recognition protein-SA (PGRPSA) from binding to PGN during induction of the innate immune system in insects (32, 33), together with the inability of DtagO mutant cells to synthesize WTA, we hypothesized that S. aureus PGN exposed on the DtagO mutant cell surface may ser ...
... staphylococcal WTA blocks PGN recognition protein-SA (PGRPSA) from binding to PGN during induction of the innate immune system in insects (32, 33), together with the inability of DtagO mutant cells to synthesize WTA, we hypothesized that S. aureus PGN exposed on the DtagO mutant cell surface may ser ...
The Crabtree Effect: A Review
... the inhibition when the Pi level of the media is less than 20 raM. This observation may have been in error because of the lack of control of pH change (50). Methylene blue also releases the inhibition (87, 56, 80, 95). It has been shown by Racker (80) and Wenner et al. (96) that the methylene blue e ...
... the inhibition when the Pi level of the media is less than 20 raM. This observation may have been in error because of the lack of control of pH change (50). Methylene blue also releases the inhibition (87, 56, 80, 95). It has been shown by Racker (80) and Wenner et al. (96) that the methylene blue e ...
Pea3 Transcription Factor Family Members Etv4 and Etv5 Mediate
... aim was to explore the role of these ETS transcription factors in the biological response induced by NGF in DRG neurons. The data presented in this study indicates that both Etv4 and Etv5 are induced by peripheral NGF and play an essential role as transcription factors linking distal NGF signaling t ...
... aim was to explore the role of these ETS transcription factors in the biological response induced by NGF in DRG neurons. The data presented in this study indicates that both Etv4 and Etv5 are induced by peripheral NGF and play an essential role as transcription factors linking distal NGF signaling t ...
Microtubules Regulate Dynamic Organization of Vacuoles in
... actin microfilaments, rather than microtubules, and that their maintenance and distribution are actin dependent (Ovecka et al. 2005, Higaki et al. 2006). To investigate vacuolar morphology and its regulatory mechanisms, we have, in this study, established a new visualization system using the moss, Ph ...
... actin microfilaments, rather than microtubules, and that their maintenance and distribution are actin dependent (Ovecka et al. 2005, Higaki et al. 2006). To investigate vacuolar morphology and its regulatory mechanisms, we have, in this study, established a new visualization system using the moss, Ph ...
Chemotherapy Targets the Hair-Follicle Vascular
... after chemotherapy. These results suggest that doxorubicin causes inhibition of hair-follicle-associated angiogenesis and that this inhibition may play a major role in chemotherapy-induced dystrophy and alopecia. On the other hand, the hair-follicle-derived blood vessels also vascularize tumors impl ...
... after chemotherapy. These results suggest that doxorubicin causes inhibition of hair-follicle-associated angiogenesis and that this inhibition may play a major role in chemotherapy-induced dystrophy and alopecia. On the other hand, the hair-follicle-derived blood vessels also vascularize tumors impl ...
Specification of germ layer identity in the chick gastrula.
... This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. ...
... This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. ...
Although ABA is mainly made in the leaves and the root cap, all
... closure occurred in medium of not only pH5 but also pH8 where no ABA uptake was recorded (Hartung, 1983) and (2) Binding of ABA by intact Vicia faba guard cell protoplast is trypsin-sensitive (Hornberg and Weiler, 1984). However, the idea of extracellular ABA perception was challenged by the observa ...
... closure occurred in medium of not only pH5 but also pH8 where no ABA uptake was recorded (Hartung, 1983) and (2) Binding of ABA by intact Vicia faba guard cell protoplast is trypsin-sensitive (Hornberg and Weiler, 1984). However, the idea of extracellular ABA perception was challenged by the observa ...
Leishmania Flagellum
... presented several high molecular mass bands (,240, ,360, and ,570 kDa, Fig. 2B). When submitted to a denaturing second dimension electrophoresis, these high molecular mass bands all dissociated to 55 kDa spots (Fig 2C1), all of them being reactive to anti-His6 antiserum (Fig 2C2); thus, the complexe ...
... presented several high molecular mass bands (,240, ,360, and ,570 kDa, Fig. 2B). When submitted to a denaturing second dimension electrophoresis, these high molecular mass bands all dissociated to 55 kDa spots (Fig 2C1), all of them being reactive to anti-His6 antiserum (Fig 2C2); thus, the complexe ...
Innexin7a forms junctions that stabilize the basal
... cytoskeleton in basal cell closure might not be as prominent as in Drosophila. We did, however, detect an enrichment of microtubules at the basal side of the closing cells (Fig. 4P,R). Microtubules are also evident in TEM micrographs (Fig. 4B,D,F). Thus, it is possible that polarized membrane insert ...
... cytoskeleton in basal cell closure might not be as prominent as in Drosophila. We did, however, detect an enrichment of microtubules at the basal side of the closing cells (Fig. 4P,R). Microtubules are also evident in TEM micrographs (Fig. 4B,D,F). Thus, it is possible that polarized membrane insert ...
Intraflagellar transport molecules in ciliary and nonciliary cells of the
... which contains the presynaptic terminals of photoreceptor cells connected to the postsynaptic terminals of the dendritic processes in secondary retinal neurons, namely bipolar and horizontal cells (Fig. 1, D–F). In addition, IFT20 was expressed in the cells of the RPE and in the ganglion cell layer ...
... which contains the presynaptic terminals of photoreceptor cells connected to the postsynaptic terminals of the dendritic processes in secondary retinal neurons, namely bipolar and horizontal cells (Fig. 1, D–F). In addition, IFT20 was expressed in the cells of the RPE and in the ganglion cell layer ...
Transverse Viscoelastic Extension in Nitella
... Growth rate (% initial length / 24 hours) inhibited only 17% (4). In this study it was shown that in sequential FIG. 5. K+ stimulation of longitudinal (A) and transverse (B) extension treatments with acid pH and Mg2+, neither treatment abolished as a function of the in vivo growth rate. The applied ...
... Growth rate (% initial length / 24 hours) inhibited only 17% (4). In this study it was shown that in sequential FIG. 5. K+ stimulation of longitudinal (A) and transverse (B) extension treatments with acid pH and Mg2+, neither treatment abolished as a function of the in vivo growth rate. The applied ...
complement
... If Ag/Ab complexes are formed , complement will be fixed by these complexes & some of the complement will be consumed by these complexes so : Not all RBCs of the indicator system will be lysed & the test is POSITIVE ...
... If Ag/Ab complexes are formed , complement will be fixed by these complexes & some of the complement will be consumed by these complexes so : Not all RBCs of the indicator system will be lysed & the test is POSITIVE ...