Chapter 12
... Kinetochore • Kinetochore is a protein strucutre that assembles at the centromere • Point of attachment for the spindle ...
... Kinetochore • Kinetochore is a protein strucutre that assembles at the centromere • Point of attachment for the spindle ...
Isolation and Sequencing of Actin1, Actin2 and Tubulin1 Genes
... cerevisiae, Kluyveromyces lactis and Yarrowia lipolytica, where a single gene have been detected [8,9]. On the other hand microtubules are major constituents of the cell cytoskeleton participating in a wide range of cellular functions, such as motility, division, maintenance of cell shape, and intra ...
... cerevisiae, Kluyveromyces lactis and Yarrowia lipolytica, where a single gene have been detected [8,9]. On the other hand microtubules are major constituents of the cell cytoskeleton participating in a wide range of cellular functions, such as motility, division, maintenance of cell shape, and intra ...
Peeping in on the cytoskeleton: light microscopy
... years, a range of light microscopy techniques along with novel labelling and analytical tools has become available which allows unprecedented access to the cytoskeletal organization and dynamics. This article summarizes accessible technology platforms and strategies that allow one to peep into the i ...
... years, a range of light microscopy techniques along with novel labelling and analytical tools has become available which allows unprecedented access to the cytoskeletal organization and dynamics. This article summarizes accessible technology platforms and strategies that allow one to peep into the i ...
Pausing of Golgi Bodies on Microtubules Regulates
... characterized by rapid, nonlinear movement (Figure 1I; see Supplemental Movie 1 online). Electron microscopy (EM) images of immunogold-labeled cryosections of hypocotyl epidermal cells confirmed that GFP-CESA3 was present at the periphery of the Golgi stack, consistent with their ring shape in confo ...
... characterized by rapid, nonlinear movement (Figure 1I; see Supplemental Movie 1 online). Electron microscopy (EM) images of immunogold-labeled cryosections of hypocotyl epidermal cells confirmed that GFP-CESA3 was present at the periphery of the Golgi stack, consistent with their ring shape in confo ...
Pausing of Golgi Bodies on Microtubules Regulates
... characterized by rapid, nonlinear movement (Figure 1I; see Supplemental Movie 1 online). Electron microscopy (EM) images of immunogold-labeled cryosections of hypocotyl epidermal cells confirmed that GFP-CESA3 was present at the periphery of the Golgi stack, consistent with their ring shape in confo ...
... characterized by rapid, nonlinear movement (Figure 1I; see Supplemental Movie 1 online). Electron microscopy (EM) images of immunogold-labeled cryosections of hypocotyl epidermal cells confirmed that GFP-CESA3 was present at the periphery of the Golgi stack, consistent with their ring shape in confo ...
Regulation of Microtubule Stability and Mitotic
... (Co-fix/extraction) in 3% paraformaldehyde in PEHM buffer containing 0.5% 3-[(3-cholamidopropyl)dimethylammonio]-1-propanesulfonic acid, or analyzed for GFP expression before extraction/fixation (Live cells). Arrows, GFP expression of survivin to spindle poles in pre-extracted HeLa cells. DNA was st ...
... (Co-fix/extraction) in 3% paraformaldehyde in PEHM buffer containing 0.5% 3-[(3-cholamidopropyl)dimethylammonio]-1-propanesulfonic acid, or analyzed for GFP expression before extraction/fixation (Live cells). Arrows, GFP expression of survivin to spindle poles in pre-extracted HeLa cells. DNA was st ...
Cells as Tensegrity Structures: Architectural Basis of the Cytoskeleton
... carried out an energetic analysis of buckling of microtubules [46]. The assumption was that energy stored in microtubules during compression is transferred to a flexible substrate upon disruption (i.e., chemical depolymerization) of microtubules. Thus, an increase in elastic energy of the substrate ...
... carried out an energetic analysis of buckling of microtubules [46]. The assumption was that energy stored in microtubules during compression is transferred to a flexible substrate upon disruption (i.e., chemical depolymerization) of microtubules. Thus, an increase in elastic energy of the substrate ...
The Bacterial Cytoskeleton
... In 1991, a landmark study revealed that the FtsZ protein localises to the nascent division site prior to septum formation in the model organism Escherichia coli, where it forms a ring-like structure termed the Z ring (5). The Z ring was found to extend around the circumference of the rod-shaped cell ...
... In 1991, a landmark study revealed that the FtsZ protein localises to the nascent division site prior to septum formation in the model organism Escherichia coli, where it forms a ring-like structure termed the Z ring (5). The Z ring was found to extend around the circumference of the rod-shaped cell ...
Plant ER geometry and dynamics: A complex web of cytoskeletal
... Initial studies using complementary in vivo techniques, the analysis of T-DNA insertional mutants and expression of dominant negative myosins lacking the motor domain revealed that myosin XI-K (or Myo 11E, (Muhlhausen and Kollmar 2013)) is important for ER morphological remodeling (Griffing et al. ...
... Initial studies using complementary in vivo techniques, the analysis of T-DNA insertional mutants and expression of dominant negative myosins lacking the motor domain revealed that myosin XI-K (or Myo 11E, (Muhlhausen and Kollmar 2013)) is important for ER morphological remodeling (Griffing et al. ...
Endocytic membrane fusion and buckling
... compacted to overlapping microtubule bundles, which then form a structure known as the midbody, or Flemming’s body, located within the ICB between the two daughter cells. The central spindle and the midbody contain several distinct microtubule-associated proteins, such as the PRC1/KIF4 and the centr ...
... compacted to overlapping microtubule bundles, which then form a structure known as the midbody, or Flemming’s body, located within the ICB between the two daughter cells. The central spindle and the midbody contain several distinct microtubule-associated proteins, such as the PRC1/KIF4 and the centr ...
Cell Organelle Campaign
... These two team members will be responsible for developing a campaign poster and pamphlet (and other propaganda, if desired). You are required to hang at least one poster championing the greatness of your candidate (organelle). This should be very visual (think of the iconic “Obama Hope” poster). The ...
... These two team members will be responsible for developing a campaign poster and pamphlet (and other propaganda, if desired). You are required to hang at least one poster championing the greatness of your candidate (organelle). This should be very visual (think of the iconic “Obama Hope” poster). The ...
Centrosome Biology: A SAS-sy Centriole in the Cell Cycle Dispatch
... yeast and other fungi, all microtubules grow from highly ordered centrosome-like organelles. In contrast, higher plants lack anything resembling the centrosome, and instead appear to have dispersed cortical nucleating sites. The typical animal cell represents the middle ground between the fungal and ...
... yeast and other fungi, all microtubules grow from highly ordered centrosome-like organelles. In contrast, higher plants lack anything resembling the centrosome, and instead appear to have dispersed cortical nucleating sites. The typical animal cell represents the middle ground between the fungal and ...
Why are bacteria different from eukaryotes? INTERVIE W Open Access Julie A Theriot*
... ensembles of cells can get bigger and bigger and perform coherent behaviors. In animal cells, these processes rely on the actin cytoskeleton [21], and there is evidence that similar cytoskeleton-based processes are also necessary for simpler kinds of multicellularity in non-metazoan eukaryotes such ...
... ensembles of cells can get bigger and bigger and perform coherent behaviors. In animal cells, these processes rely on the actin cytoskeleton [21], and there is evidence that similar cytoskeleton-based processes are also necessary for simpler kinds of multicellularity in non-metazoan eukaryotes such ...
The connection of cytoskeletal network with plasma membrane and
... interactions, the cortical microtubules may be tethered to the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane to maintain stable tracks for CSC movement. Indeed, contact sites between the cortical microtubules and the plasma membrane have been observed in different plant cells by electron microscopy (Murra ...
... interactions, the cortical microtubules may be tethered to the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane to maintain stable tracks for CSC movement. Indeed, contact sites between the cortical microtubules and the plasma membrane have been observed in different plant cells by electron microscopy (Murra ...
Characterization and Dynamics of Cytoplasmic F
... network that remains throughout interphase, mitosis, and cytokinesis of higher plant endosperm cells. Fluorescent labeling was obtained using actin monoclonal antibodies and/or rhodamine-phaUoidin. Video-enhanced microscopy and ultrastructural observations of immunogold-labeled preparations illustra ...
... network that remains throughout interphase, mitosis, and cytokinesis of higher plant endosperm cells. Fluorescent labeling was obtained using actin monoclonal antibodies and/or rhodamine-phaUoidin. Video-enhanced microscopy and ultrastructural observations of immunogold-labeled preparations illustra ...
Phragmoplastin dynamics: multiple forms
... and Falbel, 2002). This is based largely on observations from electron microscopy. A recent study on the formation of syncytial-type cell plates in the endosperm revealed that vesicles that are attached to the phragmoplast microtubules have a pair of kinked, rodshaped structures, resembling kinesin- ...
... and Falbel, 2002). This is based largely on observations from electron microscopy. A recent study on the formation of syncytial-type cell plates in the endosperm revealed that vesicles that are attached to the phragmoplast microtubules have a pair of kinked, rodshaped structures, resembling kinesin- ...
L 9 Myosin
... Network of long protein strands located in the cytosol not surrounded by membranes Consist of microtubules and microfilaments ...
... Network of long protein strands located in the cytosol not surrounded by membranes Consist of microtubules and microfilaments ...
Cells II: Eukaryotic Cells: - Serrano High School AP Biology
... DNA. RNA, another nucleic acid, is also found in the nucleus. The DNA is associated with proteins (histone) and forms chromatin. Chromatin can be packaged into at least two chromosomes and some cells have up to 1,000 chromosomes. The nucleus of human cells contains 46 (23 pairs) chromosomes. However ...
... DNA. RNA, another nucleic acid, is also found in the nucleus. The DNA is associated with proteins (histone) and forms chromatin. Chromatin can be packaged into at least two chromosomes and some cells have up to 1,000 chromosomes. The nucleus of human cells contains 46 (23 pairs) chromosomes. However ...
Translocation and Clustering of Endosomes and
... Movement of fluorescently labeled organelles was visualized in vivo by VEFM. The following combinations of filter sets were used for fluorescence microscopy: the N2.1 filter set for rhodamine (BP 515-560, RKP 580, LP 580) and the L2 filter set for fluorescein ~ P 450-500, RKP 510, BP 515560). To avo ...
... Movement of fluorescently labeled organelles was visualized in vivo by VEFM. The following combinations of filter sets were used for fluorescence microscopy: the N2.1 filter set for rhodamine (BP 515-560, RKP 580, LP 580) and the L2 filter set for fluorescein ~ P 450-500, RKP 510, BP 515560). To avo ...
Modules04-15to04-21
... There are about 70 different genes coding for various intermediate filament proteins. However, different kinds of IFs share basic characteristics: they are all polymers that generally measure between 9-11 nm in diameter when fully assembled ...
... There are about 70 different genes coding for various intermediate filament proteins. However, different kinds of IFs share basic characteristics: they are all polymers that generally measure between 9-11 nm in diameter when fully assembled ...
Hydrogen peroxide modulates the dynamic microtubule
... The plant cytoskeleton is essential for various types of antimicrobial defence (Schmidt & Panstruga 2007), with microfilaments and microtubules necessary for plants to block fungal penetration (Genre & Bonfante 2002; Kobayashi & Hakuno 2003). The interaction between plant cells and pathogens trigger ...
... The plant cytoskeleton is essential for various types of antimicrobial defence (Schmidt & Panstruga 2007), with microfilaments and microtubules necessary for plants to block fungal penetration (Genre & Bonfante 2002; Kobayashi & Hakuno 2003). The interaction between plant cells and pathogens trigger ...
Diazonamide A and a Synthetic Structural Analog
... Dolastatins 10 and 15 are highly cytotoxic, antimitotic peptides originally isolated from the sea hare Dolabella auricularia (Pettit et al., 1987, 1989a) that have apparently distinct interactions with tubulin. Both dolastatins inhibit tubulin assembly and tubulin-dependent GTP hydrolysis, although ...
... Dolastatins 10 and 15 are highly cytotoxic, antimitotic peptides originally isolated from the sea hare Dolabella auricularia (Pettit et al., 1987, 1989a) that have apparently distinct interactions with tubulin. Both dolastatins inhibit tubulin assembly and tubulin-dependent GTP hydrolysis, although ...
Phosphorylation Controls CLIMP-63–mediated Anchoring of the
... membranes to MTs have been described, but these are soluble proteins. They include the peripheral Golgi proteins GMAP-210 (Infante et al., 1999) and Hook 3 (Walenta et al., 2001), both proposed to participate in Golgi architecture and anchoring to the minus end of MTs, and MT plus endbinding protein ...
... membranes to MTs have been described, but these are soluble proteins. They include the peripheral Golgi proteins GMAP-210 (Infante et al., 1999) and Hook 3 (Walenta et al., 2001), both proposed to participate in Golgi architecture and anchoring to the minus end of MTs, and MT plus endbinding protein ...
World of the Cell: Chapter 16
... environment, and important molecules need to be transported back and forth to the tip of these cilia • IFT particles bind kinesin and dynein at the same time for fast shuttling of cargos in two directions Cilia and diseases (ciliopathies): • Defect in dynein's outer arms in cilia: Reversal of left‐ ...
... environment, and important molecules need to be transported back and forth to the tip of these cilia • IFT particles bind kinesin and dynein at the same time for fast shuttling of cargos in two directions Cilia and diseases (ciliopathies): • Defect in dynein's outer arms in cilia: Reversal of left‐ ...
Microtubule
Microtubules (micro- + tube + -ule) are a component of the cytoskeleton, found throughout the cytoplasm. These tubular polymers of tubulin can grow as long as 50 micrometres and are highly dynamic. The outer diameter of a microtubule is about 24 nm while the inner diameter is about 12 nm. They are found in eukaryotic cells and are formed by the polymerization of a dimer of two globular proteins, alpha and beta tubulin.Microtubules are very important in a number of cellular processes. They are involved in maintaining the structure of the cell and, together with microfilaments and intermediate filaments, they form the cytoskeleton. They also make up the internal structure of cilia and flagella.They provide platforms for intracellular transport and are involved in a variety of cellular processes, including the movement of secretory vesicles, organelles, and intracellular macromolecular assemblies (see entries for dynein and kinesin). They are also involved in chromosome separation (mitosis and meiosis), and are the major constituents of mitotic spindles, which are used to pull apart eukaryotic chromosomes.Microtubules are nucleated and organized by microtubule organizing centers (MTOCs), such as the centrosome found in the center of many animal cells or the basal bodies found in cilia and flagella, or the spindle pole bodies found in fungi.There are many proteins that bind to microtubules, including the motor proteins kinesin and dynein, severing proteins like katanin, and other proteins important for regulating microtubule dynamics.