![Ecological and reproductive constraints of body size in the gigantic](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/007767945_1-2dfebb027c362f32d66003c46e3ba790-300x300.png)
Ecological and reproductive constraints of body size in the gigantic
... indicate that they probably were not good runners. However, given that the critical speed to take off is wing speed relative to the air, it could be attained by running against the wind, as many large extant birds do. Vizcaíno and Fariña (1999) also suggested that the pampas were only part of a wide ...
... indicate that they probably were not good runners. However, given that the critical speed to take off is wing speed relative to the air, it could be attained by running against the wind, as many large extant birds do. Vizcaíno and Fariña (1999) also suggested that the pampas were only part of a wide ...
Northwest Alaska Climate Change Effects Table
... and community relocation. Ecological “tipping points” are likely to result in rapid change, when conditions exceed physical or physiological thresholds (e.g., thaw, drought, water temperature). Increased growing season length. Modeling predicts that the mean number of frost free days for the Boreal ...
... and community relocation. Ecological “tipping points” are likely to result in rapid change, when conditions exceed physical or physiological thresholds (e.g., thaw, drought, water temperature). Increased growing season length. Modeling predicts that the mean number of frost free days for the Boreal ...
Order Sirenia “Sea Cows”
... More sensitive to human intrusion than other seals Population numbers are low (<1,500) and are decreasing due to: - death from predation by sharks - lower pup survival as the result of human disturbances - ciguatera intoxication - entanglement in fishing nets and debris - “mobbing” behavior - geneti ...
... More sensitive to human intrusion than other seals Population numbers are low (<1,500) and are decreasing due to: - death from predation by sharks - lower pup survival as the result of human disturbances - ciguatera intoxication - entanglement in fishing nets and debris - “mobbing” behavior - geneti ...
Ecology and Biomes Section
... fossil fuel prices represent their many hidden costs • We can invest in new technologies and energy efficiency • We can institute emissions trading, by instituting a legal cap on emissions, then allowing companies to buy and sell shares of that total cap (California’s AB-32 does this) ...
... fossil fuel prices represent their many hidden costs • We can invest in new technologies and energy efficiency • We can institute emissions trading, by instituting a legal cap on emissions, then allowing companies to buy and sell shares of that total cap (California’s AB-32 does this) ...
Notes towards Biodiversity Chapter 5
... Insects and tetrapods had yet to develop but of the plants, the rhyniophytes decreased (Anderson 1999). The marine organisms affected include ammonoids, brachiopods, corals, agnathan fish, placoderm fish, ostracods and trilobites (Caughley and Gunn 1996, Dobson 1996, Primack 1998, Lévêque and Mouno ...
... Insects and tetrapods had yet to develop but of the plants, the rhyniophytes decreased (Anderson 1999). The marine organisms affected include ammonoids, brachiopods, corals, agnathan fish, placoderm fish, ostracods and trilobites (Caughley and Gunn 1996, Dobson 1996, Primack 1998, Lévêque and Mouno ...
Notes towards Biodiversity Chapter 6
... This is the third and biggest of the 5 mass extinctions (Groombridge 1992, Barbault & Sastrapradja 1995, Futuyma 1998). It may have taken place over 5—8 million years (Groombridge 1992, Caughley & Gunn 1996, Dobson 1996) or been a single event that took less than 10 000 years or occurred as 2 peaks ...
... This is the third and biggest of the 5 mass extinctions (Groombridge 1992, Barbault & Sastrapradja 1995, Futuyma 1998). It may have taken place over 5—8 million years (Groombridge 1992, Caughley & Gunn 1996, Dobson 1996) or been a single event that took less than 10 000 years or occurred as 2 peaks ...
Energetics of anti-predator behaviour (PDF File 81.3 KB)
... Hermon Slade Foundation. Also participating in this project is Professor Stephan Blanc from the Department of Ecology, Physiology and Ethology, University of Strasbourg, France. ‘Small mammals have high metabolic rates and must forage almost constantly,’ says Dr Turbill. ‘This increases their vulner ...
... Hermon Slade Foundation. Also participating in this project is Professor Stephan Blanc from the Department of Ecology, Physiology and Ethology, University of Strasbourg, France. ‘Small mammals have high metabolic rates and must forage almost constantly,’ says Dr Turbill. ‘This increases their vulner ...
Slide 1
... Annuals: Nt+1 = erNt = BaNt lnBa = r Perennials: Nt+1 = erNt = BpNt + Nt = (Bp + 1)Nt ln(Bp + 1) = r • The fitness of these two reproductive types is equal when: Ba = Bp + 1. • ????? Annuals need to reproduce only marginally more to be selected for ...
... Annuals: Nt+1 = erNt = BaNt lnBa = r Perennials: Nt+1 = erNt = BpNt + Nt = (Bp + 1)Nt ln(Bp + 1) = r • The fitness of these two reproductive types is equal when: Ba = Bp + 1. • ????? Annuals need to reproduce only marginally more to be selected for ...
Evolution on Earth - Natural History Museum
... What do you think might cause the next mass extinction? Answers will vary but may mention ideas seen in the media such as destruction caused by human-made weapons in conflict, problems due to the balance of eco-systems being upset by climate change, even the possible devastation caused by impact of ...
... What do you think might cause the next mass extinction? Answers will vary but may mention ideas seen in the media such as destruction caused by human-made weapons in conflict, problems due to the balance of eco-systems being upset by climate change, even the possible devastation caused by impact of ...
Island biogeography
... Investigators suggest that these advantages will be more important for individuals of small species rather than individuals of large species • Even a small elephant can use a variety of resources while a large rat may have a significant advantage over small rats in the variety of resources it can u ...
... Investigators suggest that these advantages will be more important for individuals of small species rather than individuals of large species • Even a small elephant can use a variety of resources while a large rat may have a significant advantage over small rats in the variety of resources it can u ...
Chapter 34 Outline
... Lampreys live as suspension-feeding larvae in streams for years before migrating to the sea or lakes as they mature into adults. ○ These larvae resemble lancelets and live partially buried in sediment. ○ The sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) has invaded the Great Lakes over the past 170 years, where ...
... Lampreys live as suspension-feeding larvae in streams for years before migrating to the sea or lakes as they mature into adults. ○ These larvae resemble lancelets and live partially buried in sediment. ○ The sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) has invaded the Great Lakes over the past 170 years, where ...
Class Notes
... Lampreys live as suspension-feeding larvae in streams for years before migrating to the sea or lakes as they mature into adults. ○ These larvae resemble lancelets and live partially buried in sediment. ○ The sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) has invaded the Great Lakes over the past 170 years, where ...
... Lampreys live as suspension-feeding larvae in streams for years before migrating to the sea or lakes as they mature into adults. ○ These larvae resemble lancelets and live partially buried in sediment. ○ The sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) has invaded the Great Lakes over the past 170 years, where ...
Ch. 34
... Lampreys live as suspension-feeding larvae in streams for years before migrating to the sea or lakes as they mature into adults. ○ These larvae resemble lancelets and live partially buried in sediment. ○ The sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) has invaded the Great Lakes over the past 170 years, where ...
... Lampreys live as suspension-feeding larvae in streams for years before migrating to the sea or lakes as they mature into adults. ○ These larvae resemble lancelets and live partially buried in sediment. ○ The sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) has invaded the Great Lakes over the past 170 years, where ...
Ch. 19 Interdependence in Living Systems – Study
... 20. The pressure of water against a plant's cell wall is ____________________. 21. The struggle between organisms to survive in a habitat with limited resources is called ____________________. 22. Mutualism, commensalism, and parasitism are the three types of ____________________. 23. As part of dig ...
... 20. The pressure of water against a plant's cell wall is ____________________. 21. The struggle between organisms to survive in a habitat with limited resources is called ____________________. 22. Mutualism, commensalism, and parasitism are the three types of ____________________. 23. As part of dig ...
Slide 1
... for fish we use recruitment; measured as # of fish hatched that survive to reproductive size – growth - gain in body size — birds and mammals have determinate growth, fish have indeterminate growth (never really quit growing) — determinate – most large mammals reach adult size in 1 or 2 years; smal ...
... for fish we use recruitment; measured as # of fish hatched that survive to reproductive size – growth - gain in body size — birds and mammals have determinate growth, fish have indeterminate growth (never really quit growing) — determinate – most large mammals reach adult size in 1 or 2 years; smal ...
Life History Strategies - UNU-FTP
... between trophic levels, will determine the impact on ecosystems of different biodiversity loss scenarios: • Top predators with their large body size, low abundance, and large range requirements are particularly vulnerable to habitat fragmentation or destruction, but less susceptible to pollution str ...
... between trophic levels, will determine the impact on ecosystems of different biodiversity loss scenarios: • Top predators with their large body size, low abundance, and large range requirements are particularly vulnerable to habitat fragmentation or destruction, but less susceptible to pollution str ...
Conor Porifera Quiz
... 1. What kind of reptile can live to be over 100 years old? a. tortoise b. turtle c. python d. iguana 2. What are reptiles more closely related to? a. amphibians b. mammals c. birds d. fishes 3. Which animal is not a reptile? a. snake b. turtle c. crocodile d. frog 4. What type of animals are Squamat ...
... 1. What kind of reptile can live to be over 100 years old? a. tortoise b. turtle c. python d. iguana 2. What are reptiles more closely related to? a. amphibians b. mammals c. birds d. fishes 3. Which animal is not a reptile? a. snake b. turtle c. crocodile d. frog 4. What type of animals are Squamat ...
Genetic Diversity and Marine Populations
... suggest that current population size is in the 1,000 to 2,000 range in about 1000 ha • On average they are about 50 m apart from one another (low fertilization Allee effects) • Listing under ESA in May 2005 as an endangered species ...
... suggest that current population size is in the 1,000 to 2,000 range in about 1000 ha • On average they are about 50 m apart from one another (low fertilization Allee effects) • Listing under ESA in May 2005 as an endangered species ...
PVA
... larger mammals require smaller populations, but larger habitat areas carnivores require more habitat area than herbivores populations with more variation in growth rate must be larger to persist. densities tend to be lower in tropics (may be due to greater spp. diversity, leading to greater number & ...
... larger mammals require smaller populations, but larger habitat areas carnivores require more habitat area than herbivores populations with more variation in growth rate must be larger to persist. densities tend to be lower in tropics (may be due to greater spp. diversity, leading to greater number & ...
doc file
... a colleague about the moral dilemma of the recent Cecil the Lion shooting. My colleague is an avid hunter. He has often dreamt aloud of bear hunting in Canada with a Magnum handgun. I’ve seen pictures of his most recent kill, a black bear that looked scarcely older than a cub. To his credit, he did ...
... a colleague about the moral dilemma of the recent Cecil the Lion shooting. My colleague is an avid hunter. He has often dreamt aloud of bear hunting in Canada with a Magnum handgun. I’ve seen pictures of his most recent kill, a black bear that looked scarcely older than a cub. To his credit, he did ...
pdf file - NWACC.edu
... a colleague about the moral dilemma of the recent Cecil the Lion shooting. My colleague is an avid hunter. He has often dreamt aloud of bear hunting in Canada with a Magnum handgun. I’ve seen pictures of his most recent kill, a black bear that looked scarcely older than a cub. To his credit, he did ...
... a colleague about the moral dilemma of the recent Cecil the Lion shooting. My colleague is an avid hunter. He has often dreamt aloud of bear hunting in Canada with a Magnum handgun. I’ve seen pictures of his most recent kill, a black bear that looked scarcely older than a cub. To his credit, he did ...
FOUR (4) FACTORS AFFECTING DENSITY • IMMIGRATION
... POPULATION SIZE • IF r < 1--DECREASE IN SIZE • IF r > 1--INCREASE IN SIZE • ORDER OF MAGNITUDE OF r DETERMINES RATE OF CHANGE • IF r REMAINS CONSTANT, THEN RATE OF CHANGE IS CONSTANT ...
... POPULATION SIZE • IF r < 1--DECREASE IN SIZE • IF r > 1--INCREASE IN SIZE • ORDER OF MAGNITUDE OF r DETERMINES RATE OF CHANGE • IF r REMAINS CONSTANT, THEN RATE OF CHANGE IS CONSTANT ...
Paleozoic Life
... Cretaceous Period) – (2) a widespread marine regression resulting from glacial conditions – (3) volcanic eruptions -> CO2 -> warming -> collapsed ocean circulation -> anoxia -> euxinia ...
... Cretaceous Period) – (2) a widespread marine regression resulting from glacial conditions – (3) volcanic eruptions -> CO2 -> warming -> collapsed ocean circulation -> anoxia -> euxinia ...
Probeseiten 1 PDF
... that under Earth’s ‘normal’ conditions—i.e. without human interference or asteroids smashing into it—around one species (out of the roughly 9m species now living) goes naturally extinct every year (De Vos et al. 2014). However, investigations by Gerardo Ceballos, Paul R. Ehrlich and colleagues foun ...
... that under Earth’s ‘normal’ conditions—i.e. without human interference or asteroids smashing into it—around one species (out of the roughly 9m species now living) goes naturally extinct every year (De Vos et al. 2014). However, investigations by Gerardo Ceballos, Paul R. Ehrlich and colleagues foun ...
Megafauna
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Elephant_near_ndutu.jpg?width=300)
In terrestrial zoology, megafauna (Ancient Greek megas ""large"" + New Latin fauna ""animal"") are large or giant animals. The most common thresholds used are 45 kilograms (100 lb) or 100 kilograms (220 lb). This thus includes many species not popularly thought of as overly large, such as white-tailed deer, red kangaroo, and humans.In practice, the most common usage encountered in academic and popular writing describes land animals roughly larger than a human that are not (solely) domesticated. The term is especially associated with the Pleistocene megafauna – the land animals often larger than modern counterparts considered archetypical of the last ice age, such as mammoths, the majority of which in northern Eurasia, the Americas and Australia became extinct as recently as 10,000–40,000 years ago. It is also commonly used for the largest extant wild land animals, especially elephants, giraffes, hippopotamuses, rhinoceroses, and large bovines. Megafauna may be subcategorized by their trophic position into megaherbivores (e.g., elk), megacarnivores (e.g., lions), and, more rarely, megaomnivores (e.g., bears).Other common uses are for giant aquatic species, especially whales, any larger wild or domesticated land animals such as larger antelope and cattle, as well as numerous dinosaurs and other extinct giant reptilians.The term is also sometimes applied to animals (usually extinct) of great size relative to a more common or surviving type of the animal, for example the 1 m (3 ft) dragonflies of the Carboniferous period.