Distinct Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms Underlie Functional
... Subsequent experiments examined the impact of TACinduced LVH on the transcript and protein expression levels of several channel pore-forming (␣) and accessory () subunits encoding murine myocardial K⫹ channels.14,19,22–24 Because accumulating evidence suggests that cardiac ion channels function as ...
... Subsequent experiments examined the impact of TACinduced LVH on the transcript and protein expression levels of several channel pore-forming (␣) and accessory () subunits encoding murine myocardial K⫹ channels.14,19,22–24 Because accumulating evidence suggests that cardiac ion channels function as ...
Stress-Related and Circadian Secretion and Target Tissue Actions
... Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, First Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, ’Aghia Sophia’ Children’s Hospital, Athens, Greece, 2 Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Center of Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translation ...
... Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, First Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, ’Aghia Sophia’ Children’s Hospital, Athens, Greece, 2 Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Center of Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translation ...
Hox Genes and Segmentation of the Hindbrain and Axial Skeleton
... Segmentation is an important process that is frequently used during development to segregate groups of cells with distinct features. Segmental compartments provide a mechanism for generating and organizing regional properties along an embryonic axis and within tissues. In vertebrates the development ...
... Segmentation is an important process that is frequently used during development to segregate groups of cells with distinct features. Segmental compartments provide a mechanism for generating and organizing regional properties along an embryonic axis and within tissues. In vertebrates the development ...
Chromatin Association of Gcn4 Is Limited by Post
... ABSTRACT The Saccharomyces cerevisiae transcription factor Gcn4 is expressed during amino acid starvation and its abundance is controlled by ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis. Cdk8, a kinase component of the RNA polymerase II Mediator complex, phosphorylates Gcn4 which triggers its ubiquitination/prot ...
... ABSTRACT The Saccharomyces cerevisiae transcription factor Gcn4 is expressed during amino acid starvation and its abundance is controlled by ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis. Cdk8, a kinase component of the RNA polymerase II Mediator complex, phosphorylates Gcn4 which triggers its ubiquitination/prot ...
Oxidative stress stimulates multiple MAPK signalling pathways and
... (PMA)] and mechanical overload. The two isoforms of JNKs identified (p46-JNK1 and p52-JNK2) were found to be phosphorylated in response to 0.5·mol·l–1 sorbitol, mechanical overload and re-oxygenation following anoxia. p38-MAPK was also stimulated by mechanical overload but was most potently activate ...
... (PMA)] and mechanical overload. The two isoforms of JNKs identified (p46-JNK1 and p52-JNK2) were found to be phosphorylated in response to 0.5·mol·l–1 sorbitol, mechanical overload and re-oxygenation following anoxia. p38-MAPK was also stimulated by mechanical overload but was most potently activate ...
Steroid Hormone Induction Of Temporal Gene Expression
... factors that are necessary to generate neuronal diversity in the adult visual system (Bertet et al., 2014; Li et al., ...
... factors that are necessary to generate neuronal diversity in the adult visual system (Bertet et al., 2014; Li et al., ...
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... divergence. Mammals have three PP1 genes, encoding the isoforms PP1␣, PP1␥, and PP1/␦. Two splice variants can be generated from the PP1␥ gene, PP1␥1 and PP1␥2. With the exception of the testis-enriched PP1␥2, the mammalian isoforms are ubiquitously expressed. The crystal structure of PP1 shows a c ...
... divergence. Mammals have three PP1 genes, encoding the isoforms PP1␣, PP1␥, and PP1/␦. Two splice variants can be generated from the PP1␥ gene, PP1␥1 and PP1␥2. With the exception of the testis-enriched PP1␥2, the mammalian isoforms are ubiquitously expressed. The crystal structure of PP1 shows a c ...
The SRA gen - uri=dna.kdna.ucla
... In T.b. rhodesiense resistance to NHS is reversible and relatively unstable. Cloned populations of T.b. rhodesiense exist in both forms that are sensitive (S) or resistant (R) to NHS. Interestingly, in the Edinburgh trypanozoon antigen type (ETat 1), strain resistance was found to be linked to the e ...
... In T.b. rhodesiense resistance to NHS is reversible and relatively unstable. Cloned populations of T.b. rhodesiense exist in both forms that are sensitive (S) or resistant (R) to NHS. Interestingly, in the Edinburgh trypanozoon antigen type (ETat 1), strain resistance was found to be linked to the e ...
Influence of the regulatory protein RsmA on cellular
... (Goodman et al., 2004). Interestingly, these phenotypes were suppressed by transposon insertions in gacS, gacA and rsmB. The authors propose that, under conditions of acute infection, environmental signals favour activation of RetS, resulting in repression of the GacS/GacA/RsmB pathway. A mutation i ...
... (Goodman et al., 2004). Interestingly, these phenotypes were suppressed by transposon insertions in gacS, gacA and rsmB. The authors propose that, under conditions of acute infection, environmental signals favour activation of RetS, resulting in repression of the GacS/GacA/RsmB pathway. A mutation i ...
Mammalian Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Signal
... seven-transmembrane receptors (e.g., ANG II, endothelin), transforming growth factor (TGF)--related polypeptides, acting through Ser-Thr kinase receptors, inflammatory cytokines of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) family and environmental stresses such as osmotic shock, ionizing radiation and ischem ...
... seven-transmembrane receptors (e.g., ANG II, endothelin), transforming growth factor (TGF)--related polypeptides, acting through Ser-Thr kinase receptors, inflammatory cytokines of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) family and environmental stresses such as osmotic shock, ionizing radiation and ischem ...
Chromosome silencing mechanisms in X
... embryos, but in this case found no evidence for Xist RNAindependent silencing of Xp genes at the 8- to 16-cell stage. Similar to the Kalantry et al. study, their conclusions were based on the analysis of nascent RNA signals, SNPs and an Xp-located GFP transgene. The reason for the observed differenc ...
... embryos, but in this case found no evidence for Xist RNAindependent silencing of Xp genes at the 8- to 16-cell stage. Similar to the Kalantry et al. study, their conclusions were based on the analysis of nascent RNA signals, SNPs and an Xp-located GFP transgene. The reason for the observed differenc ...
Identification and characterization of regulatory factors and
... 3.1.3 YmoA regulates CsrC synthesis independently of CsrB ........................................65 3.1.4 YmoA influences CsrC RNA stability ..................................................................68 3.1.5 CsrC RNA stability in Y. pseudotuberculosis is affected by YmoA in a CsrA-inde ...
... 3.1.3 YmoA regulates CsrC synthesis independently of CsrB ........................................65 3.1.4 YmoA influences CsrC RNA stability ..................................................................68 3.1.5 CsrC RNA stability in Y. pseudotuberculosis is affected by YmoA in a CsrA-inde ...
Wood - 2010 - Nat Rev Genet
... sister chromatids, which are held together by sister chromatid cohesion (SCC). SCC is mediated by the cohesin complex, which associates with chromosomes before their replication and is converted into a cohesive state as replication forks pass. Therefore, sister chromatids are held together by SCC co ...
... sister chromatids, which are held together by sister chromatid cohesion (SCC). SCC is mediated by the cohesin complex, which associates with chromosomes before their replication and is converted into a cohesive state as replication forks pass. Therefore, sister chromatids are held together by SCC co ...
Cohesin`s ATPase Activity Couples Cohesin Loading
... acetylated during DNA replication on two conserved Lys residues (K105,106 in vertebrates) by Eco1 proteins [18–20]. In vertebrates, two Eco1 orthologs exist: Esco2, which is expressed during DNA replication, and Esco1, which is present throughout the cell cycle [21]. Smc3 acetylation during DNA repl ...
... acetylated during DNA replication on two conserved Lys residues (K105,106 in vertebrates) by Eco1 proteins [18–20]. In vertebrates, two Eco1 orthologs exist: Esco2, which is expressed during DNA replication, and Esco1, which is present throughout the cell cycle [21]. Smc3 acetylation during DNA repl ...
Paired and LIM class homeodomain proteins coordinate
... through the Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). In Caenorhabditis elegans, a sleep-like state can be induced at any time during development or adulthood through conditional expression of LIN-3/EGF. The behavioral response to EGF is mediated by EGFR activity within a single cell, the ALA neuron, ...
... through the Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). In Caenorhabditis elegans, a sleep-like state can be induced at any time during development or adulthood through conditional expression of LIN-3/EGF. The behavioral response to EGF is mediated by EGFR activity within a single cell, the ALA neuron, ...
The TRAPP Complex: Insights into its Architecture and
... is such that two large (180 65 Å) flat surfaces are presented. Part of one or both of these surfaces will be occupied by the TRAPP II-specific subunits, but exactly where they interact with this core of the TRAPP complex is still unknown. A recent study suggests that they overlap with the Ypt1p- ...
... is such that two large (180 65 Å) flat surfaces are presented. Part of one or both of these surfaces will be occupied by the TRAPP II-specific subunits, but exactly where they interact with this core of the TRAPP complex is still unknown. A recent study suggests that they overlap with the Ypt1p- ...
1 MCM10 MEDIATES THE INTERACTION BETWEEN DNA
... defect both at the telomere (Figure 1A) as well as at the HMR (Figure 1B). This observation raised the possibility that some pre-RC proteins may interact with silencing factors. Indeed, when tested in a two-hybrid system using LexA binding domain (BTM) and Gal4 activation domain (GAD) fusion protein ...
... defect both at the telomere (Figure 1A) as well as at the HMR (Figure 1B). This observation raised the possibility that some pre-RC proteins may interact with silencing factors. Indeed, when tested in a two-hybrid system using LexA binding domain (BTM) and Gal4 activation domain (GAD) fusion protein ...
The Long Noncoding RNA CHRF Regulates Cardiac Hypertrophy
... at epigenetic, transcriptional, and post-transcriptional levels and play an important role in physiological processes. They have various functions such as RNA processing,15 structural scaffolds,16 modulation of apoptosis and invasion,17 marker of cell fate,18 reprogramming of induced pluripotent ste ...
... at epigenetic, transcriptional, and post-transcriptional levels and play an important role in physiological processes. They have various functions such as RNA processing,15 structural scaffolds,16 modulation of apoptosis and invasion,17 marker of cell fate,18 reprogramming of induced pluripotent ste ...
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... been found to be amplified or upregulated in different cancers (Lu et al., 2010). These transcriptional regulators can contribute to tumorigenesis through inhibition of apoptosis and by increasing invasiveness through control of cell adhesion genes (Lu et al., 2010). A thorough understanding of the ...
... been found to be amplified or upregulated in different cancers (Lu et al., 2010). These transcriptional regulators can contribute to tumorigenesis through inhibition of apoptosis and by increasing invasiveness through control of cell adhesion genes (Lu et al., 2010). A thorough understanding of the ...
foxQ2 evolved a key role in anterior head and central brain
... bioRxiv preprint first posted online Nov. 29, 2016; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/090340. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not peer-reviewed) is the author/funder. It is made available under a CC-BY 4.0 International license. ...
... bioRxiv preprint first posted online Nov. 29, 2016; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/090340. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not peer-reviewed) is the author/funder. It is made available under a CC-BY 4.0 International license. ...
Molecular Interaction between COP1 and HY5
... COP1. Further deletion analysis of HY5 indicated that although the N-terminal 40 amino acids were essential for HY5 to interact with COP1, they were not sufficient for mediating COP1 interaction. To ensure that the different degrees of interaction observed were not due to differences in protein expr ...
... COP1. Further deletion analysis of HY5 indicated that although the N-terminal 40 amino acids were essential for HY5 to interact with COP1, they were not sufficient for mediating COP1 interaction. To ensure that the different degrees of interaction observed were not due to differences in protein expr ...
Purification and Properties of the Dictyostelium Calpain
... motility, we have investigated whether a calpain-like protein is expressed in this organism. Contig 13130 (Sanger Institute Dictyostelium sequencing project) was identified as a three-exon gene that encodes a calpain-like protein. Using a custom peptide antibody to assay for the presence of this put ...
... motility, we have investigated whether a calpain-like protein is expressed in this organism. Contig 13130 (Sanger Institute Dictyostelium sequencing project) was identified as a three-exon gene that encodes a calpain-like protein. Using a custom peptide antibody to assay for the presence of this put ...
Pax3
... Point mutations were introduced into each of the three CdxBS of NCE2 by using the QuikChange multisite-directed mutagenesis kit (Stratagene), according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Sequences of the oligonucleotides used for sitedirected mutagenesis were as follows: CdxBS1, 5⬘-CAGCAGTTTAGTCTGA ...
... Point mutations were introduced into each of the three CdxBS of NCE2 by using the QuikChange multisite-directed mutagenesis kit (Stratagene), according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Sequences of the oligonucleotides used for sitedirected mutagenesis were as follows: CdxBS1, 5⬘-CAGCAGTTTAGTCTGA ...
A computational approach to map nucleosome positions and
... breathing and remodeling (Polach and Widom, 1995). While the technical effects are likely to affect both ends of nucleosomal DNA equally, the biological effects may create bias for specific nucleosomes and/or a specific side of the nucleosomes. However, the biological effects are generally believed ...
... breathing and remodeling (Polach and Widom, 1995). While the technical effects are likely to affect both ends of nucleosomal DNA equally, the biological effects may create bias for specific nucleosomes and/or a specific side of the nucleosomes. However, the biological effects are generally believed ...
Disruption of somitogenesis by a novel dominant allele of Lfng
... replacing exon 1 of the endogenous Lfng locus with a new exon containing sequences encoding the N-terminus and type II transmembrane domain of RFNG fused to LFNG at the first conserved amino acid of the proteins (Fig. 1A, Fig. S1). Based on our results in tissue culture, we predict that the resultin ...
... replacing exon 1 of the endogenous Lfng locus with a new exon containing sequences encoding the N-terminus and type II transmembrane domain of RFNG fused to LFNG at the first conserved amino acid of the proteins (Fig. 1A, Fig. S1). Based on our results in tissue culture, we predict that the resultin ...
Histone acetylation and deacetylation
Histone acetylation and deacetylation are the processes by which the lysine residues within the N-terminal tail protruding from the histone core of the nucleosome are acetylated and deacetylated as part of gene regulation. Histone acetylation and deacetylation are essential parts of gene regulation. These reactions are typically catalysed by enzymes with ""histone acetyltransferase"" (HAT) or ""histone deacetylase"" (HDAC) activity. Acetylation is the process where an acetyl functional group is transferred from one molecule (in this case, Acetyl-Coenzyme A) to another. Deacetylation is simply the reverse reaction where an acetyl group is removed from a molecule.Acetylated histones, octameric proteins that organize chromatin into nucleosomes and ultimately higher order structures, represent a type of epigenetic marker within chromatin. Acetylation removes the positive charge on the histones, thereby decreasing the interaction of the N termini of histones with the negatively charged phosphate groups of DNA. As a consequence, the condensed chromatin is transformed into a more relaxed structure that is associated with greater levels of gene transcription. This relaxation can be reversed by HDAC activity. Relaxed, transcriptionally active DNA is referred to as euchromatin. More condensed (tightly packed) DNA is referred to as heterochromatin. Condensation can be brought about by processes including deacetylation and methylation; the action of methylation is indirect and has no effect upon charge.