Statistical analysis of DNA microarray data
... the N1+N2 samples and designate the first N1 as group 1 with the rest being group 2. Perform t-test again and record the t-value t. For all possible permutations, count how many tvalues are larger than t0 and write down the number K0. ...
... the N1+N2 samples and designate the first N1 as group 1 with the rest being group 2. Perform t-test again and record the t-value t. For all possible permutations, count how many tvalues are larger than t0 and write down the number K0. ...
Non-Mendelian Inheritance
... In higher plants, genetic analyses of mechanisms of maternal inheritance have proved possible, but biochemical analyses have been difficult since double fertilization must be performed in cells embedded in various tissues. Many workers prefer to use microooganisms with a short lifecycle in which gen ...
... In higher plants, genetic analyses of mechanisms of maternal inheritance have proved possible, but biochemical analyses have been difficult since double fertilization must be performed in cells embedded in various tissues. Many workers prefer to use microooganisms with a short lifecycle in which gen ...
Supplementary Methods.
... Potential scoring bias. Because our motif conservation score is based on the number of conserved motifs, the top predictions tended to be more conserved and longer than the average. Since we had found that longer, more conserved fragments are more likely to function as enhancers in our assay, we con ...
... Potential scoring bias. Because our motif conservation score is based on the number of conserved motifs, the top predictions tended to be more conserved and longer than the average. Since we had found that longer, more conserved fragments are more likely to function as enhancers in our assay, we con ...
Genome-wide expression screens indicate a global role for protein
... correspondence analysis to the data (Fellenberg et al., 2001), the association of individual genes with a specific condition (yeast strain and time point of interest) was determined from their distance from the center and location; the further the distance from the center, the more pronounced the as ...
... correspondence analysis to the data (Fellenberg et al., 2001), the association of individual genes with a specific condition (yeast strain and time point of interest) was determined from their distance from the center and location; the further the distance from the center, the more pronounced the as ...
gene duplication in the evolution of sexual dimorphism
... Males and females share most of the same genes, so selection in one sex will typically produce a correlated response in the other sex. Yet, the sexes have evolved to differ in a multitude of behavioral, morphological, and physiological traits. How did this sexual dimorphism evolve despite the presen ...
... Males and females share most of the same genes, so selection in one sex will typically produce a correlated response in the other sex. Yet, the sexes have evolved to differ in a multitude of behavioral, morphological, and physiological traits. How did this sexual dimorphism evolve despite the presen ...
DNA and Genes - Buckeye Valley
... The first amino acid is detached from its tRNA and is joined to the second amino acid by a peptide bond. The ribosome moves one codon farther along the mRNA strand; the first tRNA ...
... The first amino acid is detached from its tRNA and is joined to the second amino acid by a peptide bond. The ribosome moves one codon farther along the mRNA strand; the first tRNA ...
Cellular function prediction and biological pathway discovery in
... biological data generated by the high-throughput methods such as yeast two-hybrid systems (Chien et al., 1991), protein complexes identification by mass spectrometry (Gavin et al., 2002; Ho et al., 2002), microarray gene expression profiles (Eisen et al., 1998; Brown et al., 2000), and systematic sy ...
... biological data generated by the high-throughput methods such as yeast two-hybrid systems (Chien et al., 1991), protein complexes identification by mass spectrometry (Gavin et al., 2002; Ho et al., 2002), microarray gene expression profiles (Eisen et al., 1998; Brown et al., 2000), and systematic sy ...
Mutator Transposon in Maize and MULEs in the Plant Genome
... transposase, which was used as evidence for its very early origin [13]. The mudrB major transcript encodes a 23 kDa protein (MURB) that is not similar to any sequences in public database outside maize and its close relatives. Although the precise function of MURB remains enigmatic, both deletion der ...
... transposase, which was used as evidence for its very early origin [13]. The mudrB major transcript encodes a 23 kDa protein (MURB) that is not similar to any sequences in public database outside maize and its close relatives. Although the precise function of MURB remains enigmatic, both deletion der ...
annotation and analysis of newly discovered mycobacteriophage
... Viruses that infect bacteria (bacteriophage) are the most abundant and genetically diverse DNA-containing entities on the planet. Analysis of phage genomes may reveal novel DNA sequences, novel protein domains and provide insights into the biology of the host. We are analyzing two novel mycobacterio ...
... Viruses that infect bacteria (bacteriophage) are the most abundant and genetically diverse DNA-containing entities on the planet. Analysis of phage genomes may reveal novel DNA sequences, novel protein domains and provide insights into the biology of the host. We are analyzing two novel mycobacterio ...
embracing - Iowa State University
... markets - and a reduction of up to one-third in U.S. prices for hard red spring and durum wheat. Anyone have a sinking feeling? By the way, a “transgenic” plant, such as the wheat Monsanto proposed, is one whose genome has been modified by the introduction of novel DNA. In other words, transgenic pl ...
... markets - and a reduction of up to one-third in U.S. prices for hard red spring and durum wheat. Anyone have a sinking feeling? By the way, a “transgenic” plant, such as the wheat Monsanto proposed, is one whose genome has been modified by the introduction of novel DNA. In other words, transgenic pl ...
Molecular genetics of nucleotide sugar interconversion pathways in
... nucleotide sugar interconversion enzymes is still in its infancy. Arabidopsis mutants defective in the activation and interconversion of specific monosaccharides have recently become available, and several genes in these pathways have been cloned and characterized. The sequence determination of the ...
... nucleotide sugar interconversion enzymes is still in its infancy. Arabidopsis mutants defective in the activation and interconversion of specific monosaccharides have recently become available, and several genes in these pathways have been cloned and characterized. The sequence determination of the ...
Exercise 10 - DNA Fingerprinting - Lake
... Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a double stranded genetic molecule consisting of many monomers called nucleotides, hence DNA is a polynucleotide. The two strands of DNA are connected to one another by hydrogen bonds between the nitrogenous bases of each strand. The DNA base pair sequence and DNA quan ...
... Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a double stranded genetic molecule consisting of many monomers called nucleotides, hence DNA is a polynucleotide. The two strands of DNA are connected to one another by hydrogen bonds between the nitrogenous bases of each strand. The DNA base pair sequence and DNA quan ...
10 Day Lesson Plan - Joseph L. Anderson
... Messenger RNA is made in the cell nucleus as a polymerase unwinds and copies a specific gene on a DNA molecule. Free Nucleotides attach in the process creating the RNA molecule which is then sent from the cell nucleus to the cytoplasm for protein Synthesis. It is in the cytoplasm that the Ribosome b ...
... Messenger RNA is made in the cell nucleus as a polymerase unwinds and copies a specific gene on a DNA molecule. Free Nucleotides attach in the process creating the RNA molecule which is then sent from the cell nucleus to the cytoplasm for protein Synthesis. It is in the cytoplasm that the Ribosome b ...
Gene Order Polymorphism in Yeast
... We would also like to examine a. How transposition of the five genes affects their gene expression b. What the frequency of this rearrangement is among a larger sample of natural yeast strains c. Whether there are any clues as to the transposition mechanism in the sequences in and around the transpo ...
... We would also like to examine a. How transposition of the five genes affects their gene expression b. What the frequency of this rearrangement is among a larger sample of natural yeast strains c. Whether there are any clues as to the transposition mechanism in the sequences in and around the transpo ...
Cytology of Genetics
... Crossing-over can occur between any of the non-sister chromatids. Crossing-over can occur at more than one site or between more than two non-sister chromatids. ...
... Crossing-over can occur between any of the non-sister chromatids. Crossing-over can occur at more than one site or between more than two non-sister chromatids. ...
Genetic Disorders
... genome are often called mendelian because, like the characteristics of garden peas studied by Gregor Mendel. Mutations in genes result in recessive, dominant, X-linked, and ...
... genome are often called mendelian because, like the characteristics of garden peas studied by Gregor Mendel. Mutations in genes result in recessive, dominant, X-linked, and ...
The Gene Hunters
... If mutations are the robbers, and scientists are the cops, then since the discovery of ApoE4 the cops had made something like a hundred false arrests. In one peer-reviewed paper after another, research teams all over the world claimed to have identified about a hundred unique genes that in some way t ...
... If mutations are the robbers, and scientists are the cops, then since the discovery of ApoE4 the cops had made something like a hundred false arrests. In one peer-reviewed paper after another, research teams all over the world claimed to have identified about a hundred unique genes that in some way t ...
Mendel`s Discoveries
... developed into a new plant, the offspring would have one unit of inheritance for a character from each of its parents. Today, we call Mendel’s units of inheritance genes, and the different versions – dominant and recessive – different alleles of the same gene. As you follow through this lesson, note ...
... developed into a new plant, the offspring would have one unit of inheritance for a character from each of its parents. Today, we call Mendel’s units of inheritance genes, and the different versions – dominant and recessive – different alleles of the same gene. As you follow through this lesson, note ...
Linkage Analysis
... Negative values (<1) suggest that linkage is less likely Conventionally a combined Lod score of +3 or greater (equivalent to greater than 1000/1 odds in favor of linkage) is considered definitive evidence of linkage ...
... Negative values (<1) suggest that linkage is less likely Conventionally a combined Lod score of +3 or greater (equivalent to greater than 1000/1 odds in favor of linkage) is considered definitive evidence of linkage ...
Full-Text PDF
... These factors restrict the growth and productivity of many crops. The induced expression of various stress responsive genes occurs under these conditions, contributing to minimizing the effects caused by stress. These genes can be classified into two groups: the first group includes genes related to ...
... These factors restrict the growth and productivity of many crops. The induced expression of various stress responsive genes occurs under these conditions, contributing to minimizing the effects caused by stress. These genes can be classified into two groups: the first group includes genes related to ...
Synonymous Codon Usage, Accuracy of Translation, and Gene
... terms “accuracy of translation” and “fidelity of protein synthesis” include the three aspects of translation described above. The effect of translational errors on the function of the protein is not the same for all amino acids. Indeed, some ...
... terms “accuracy of translation” and “fidelity of protein synthesis” include the three aspects of translation described above. The effect of translational errors on the function of the protein is not the same for all amino acids. Indeed, some ...
1. The PERL script to
... Introduction Microarray results were analysed for pathway information in the KEGG database using gene names of genes on the microarray. Genes may be known with different names. Therefore, the Gene Ontology database was searched before the KEGG database to collect all possible synonyms of gene names. ...
... Introduction Microarray results were analysed for pathway information in the KEGG database using gene names of genes on the microarray. Genes may be known with different names. Therefore, the Gene Ontology database was searched before the KEGG database to collect all possible synonyms of gene names. ...
Supplementary Information 410 475
... Genetics Computer Group. (B) Percentages of similarity and percentages of identity (parentheses) between the various TSG sequences were obtained by alignment using the GAP program (Genetics Computer Group). The Drosophila melanogaster genome contains a gene product (CG12410) highly similar in sequen ...
... Genetics Computer Group. (B) Percentages of similarity and percentages of identity (parentheses) between the various TSG sequences were obtained by alignment using the GAP program (Genetics Computer Group). The Drosophila melanogaster genome contains a gene product (CG12410) highly similar in sequen ...
Current Microbiology
... lacZKmR cassette, which carries a termination signal within (Fig. 2). Alternatively, it could be argued that solely hoxY and hoxH are transcribed from an independent weak promoter, and Na2S2O4- and methyl viologendependent H2-evolution requires these two hydrogenase structural genes only. In an atte ...
... lacZKmR cassette, which carries a termination signal within (Fig. 2). Alternatively, it could be argued that solely hoxY and hoxH are transcribed from an independent weak promoter, and Na2S2O4- and methyl viologendependent H2-evolution requires these two hydrogenase structural genes only. In an atte ...
Gene
A gene is a locus (or region) of DNA that encodes a functional RNA or protein product, and is the molecular unit of heredity. The transmission of genes to an organism's offspring is the basis of the inheritance of phenotypic traits. Most biological traits are under the influence of polygenes (many different genes) as well as the gene–environment interactions. Some genetic traits are instantly visible, such as eye colour or number of limbs, and some are not, such as blood type, risk for specific diseases, or the thousands of basic biochemical processes that comprise life.Genes can acquire mutations in their sequence, leading to different variants, known as alleles, in the population. These alleles encode slightly different versions of a protein, which cause different phenotype traits. Colloquial usage of the term ""having a gene"" (e.g., ""good genes,"" ""hair colour gene"") typically refers to having a different allele of the gene. Genes evolve due to natural selection or survival of the fittest of the alleles.The concept of a gene continues to be refined as new phenomena are discovered. For example, regulatory regions of a gene can be far removed from its coding regions, and coding regions can be split into several exons. Some viruses store their genome in RNA instead of DNA and some gene products are functional non-coding RNAs. Therefore, a broad, modern working definition of a gene is any discrete locus of heritable, genomic sequence which affect an organism's traits by being expressed as a functional product or by regulation of gene expression.