Sexual cannibalism by Octopus cyanea on a Pacific coral reef
... there is no parental care for the young, although females brood the eggs (Hanlon and Messenger 1996). In particular, little is known about sexual selection or sperm competition in any octopus species. As a generalization, each individual octopus’ strategy might be hypothesized to be ‘‘mate – or atte ...
... there is no parental care for the young, although females brood the eggs (Hanlon and Messenger 1996). In particular, little is known about sexual selection or sperm competition in any octopus species. As a generalization, each individual octopus’ strategy might be hypothesized to be ‘‘mate – or atte ...
the Conference abstract booklet - Psychology
... Male bowerbirds construct, decorate and maintain bower structures, which are important predictors of female mate choice. Individual variation in the ability to produce a high quality bower could be due to constraining factors such as cognitive ability, presence of marauding neighbours, access to mat ...
... Male bowerbirds construct, decorate and maintain bower structures, which are important predictors of female mate choice. Individual variation in the ability to produce a high quality bower could be due to constraining factors such as cognitive ability, presence of marauding neighbours, access to mat ...
Brush-tailed phascogale (Phascogale tapoatafa)
... males have large home ranges. Mating may last for one hour , and often occurs in tree hollows. The gestation period is approximately 30 days, with a l itter size between three and ei ght offspring. The open pouch develops a f leshy rim that completely encloses the newborn young. At seven weeks, the ...
... males have large home ranges. Mating may last for one hour , and often occurs in tree hollows. The gestation period is approximately 30 days, with a l itter size between three and ei ght offspring. The open pouch develops a f leshy rim that completely encloses the newborn young. At seven weeks, the ...
demography review
... These basic parameters are combined in a life-table, as age-specific survivorship and age-specific fecundity. From these two parameters, we can derive considerable ...
... These basic parameters are combined in a life-table, as age-specific survivorship and age-specific fecundity. From these two parameters, we can derive considerable ...
Lesson 4 Flowering in plants - MrHay
... • Team work while hunting leads to increased success rate. • Less predation as can have members of the group on “look out” • Older members protect young or weak individuals • Large numbers can cause confusion for predators • Breeding sites are located within a boundary that is protected by members o ...
... • Team work while hunting leads to increased success rate. • Less predation as can have members of the group on “look out” • Older members protect young or weak individuals • Large numbers can cause confusion for predators • Breeding sites are located within a boundary that is protected by members o ...
Praying Mantises
... From the human point of view mantises play an important role in reducing pest insects. Many farmers deliberately introduce them by depositing their egg cases among vulnerable crops. The only problem is that they also kill beneficial insects which might be supportive of agriculture through pollinatio ...
... From the human point of view mantises play an important role in reducing pest insects. Many farmers deliberately introduce them by depositing their egg cases among vulnerable crops. The only problem is that they also kill beneficial insects which might be supportive of agriculture through pollinatio ...
Life History Analyses
... A new scheme proposes a “life history cube” that removes the influence of size and time (Charnov 2002). The cube has three dimensionless axes: 1. Size of offspring relative to adults. 2. The reproductive life span divided by the time to reach maturity. 3. Adult reproductive effort per unit of ...
... A new scheme proposes a “life history cube” that removes the influence of size and time (Charnov 2002). The cube has three dimensionless axes: 1. Size of offspring relative to adults. 2. The reproductive life span divided by the time to reach maturity. 3. Adult reproductive effort per unit of ...
Chapter 10. Lissamphibia Amphibian Characteristics Salamanders
... Bufonidae - toads – primarily terrestrial (400 sp) Hylidae – mostly arboreal – small, treefrogs (760 sp) Dendrobatidae – poison arrow frogs (185 sp) – central and ...
... Bufonidae - toads – primarily terrestrial (400 sp) Hylidae – mostly arboreal – small, treefrogs (760 sp) Dendrobatidae – poison arrow frogs (185 sp) – central and ...
Limits on Populations
... SNC1P For example, a fern plant produces more than 50 000 spores in a single year. If all fern spores germinated, fern plants would cover all of North America within two generations of the first plant. This doesn’t happen because of the limiting biotic and abiotic factors. Carrying capacity Definit ...
... SNC1P For example, a fern plant produces more than 50 000 spores in a single year. If all fern spores germinated, fern plants would cover all of North America within two generations of the first plant. This doesn’t happen because of the limiting biotic and abiotic factors. Carrying capacity Definit ...
Multiple barriers to gene exchange in a field cricket hybrid
... performance, allow estimates of the contribution of different pre-zygotic and post-zygotic barriers to reproductive isolation. We examine the role of behavioural barriers to gene exchange in the maintenance of a hybrid zone between North American field crickets Gryllus firmus and Gryllus pennsylvani ...
... performance, allow estimates of the contribution of different pre-zygotic and post-zygotic barriers to reproductive isolation. We examine the role of behavioural barriers to gene exchange in the maintenance of a hybrid zone between North American field crickets Gryllus firmus and Gryllus pennsylvani ...
Evolution
... What affects a species ability to survive? What affects a species ability to reproduce? ...
... What affects a species ability to survive? What affects a species ability to reproduce? ...
Cooperative Breeding - University of Arizona | Ecology and
... Many vertebrates breed in cooperative groups in which more than two members provide care for young. Studies of cooperative breeding behavior within species have long highlighted the importance of environmental factors in mediating the paradox of why some such individuals delay independent breeding t ...
... Many vertebrates breed in cooperative groups in which more than two members provide care for young. Studies of cooperative breeding behavior within species have long highlighted the importance of environmental factors in mediating the paradox of why some such individuals delay independent breeding t ...
Lecture 6 - Plattsburgh State Faculty and Research Web Sites
... pseudoscorpions colonize dead or dying trees dispersing once every several generations by hitching a ride under the wing covers of large beetles! ...
... pseudoscorpions colonize dead or dying trees dispersing once every several generations by hitching a ride under the wing covers of large beetles! ...
How to get Channel Catfish to Spawn in a Farm Pond
... as catching and eating them. With just a little basic knowledge of channel catfish biology, some general pond management skills and a few common items, you can easily raise a self-sustaining population of channel cats even in small ponds. One factor to consider before raising catfish is will there b ...
... as catching and eating them. With just a little basic knowledge of channel catfish biology, some general pond management skills and a few common items, you can easily raise a self-sustaining population of channel cats even in small ponds. One factor to consider before raising catfish is will there b ...
Mate Choice - BobWongLab
... to the hatching stage than did males, which courted at reduced rates (Knapp and Kovach, 1991). The latter also had lower energy reserves and, as such, were more likely to cannibalize the females clutch, thus making them especially undesirable as potential mates. (b) Resources Resources defended by ...
... to the hatching stage than did males, which courted at reduced rates (Knapp and Kovach, 1991). The latter also had lower energy reserves and, as such, were more likely to cannibalize the females clutch, thus making them especially undesirable as potential mates. (b) Resources Resources defended by ...
B Behavior, Overview
... was to identify behavior associated with feeding, where feeding was linked to observation of prey at the surface or chases, and so on. However, these observations do not do justice to the complex process by which animals find, select, and handle their prey. Increased efforts in foraging theory to ide ...
... was to identify behavior associated with feeding, where feeding was linked to observation of prey at the surface or chases, and so on. However, these observations do not do justice to the complex process by which animals find, select, and handle their prey. Increased efforts in foraging theory to ide ...
Juvenile hormone-mediated reproduction in burying
... behavior (Wilson, 1971). Since social behavior within these distinct phylogenetic groups is regulated by similar endocrine systems, interspecific comparisons may suggest how ancestral physiology affects the evolution of behavior. There are three potential contributions that physiological studies can ...
... behavior (Wilson, 1971). Since social behavior within these distinct phylogenetic groups is regulated by similar endocrine systems, interspecific comparisons may suggest how ancestral physiology affects the evolution of behavior. There are three potential contributions that physiological studies can ...
ecology.doc
... d. fundamental competition e. intraspecific competition 11. animals defend themselves against predators by all of the following, except a. warning coloration b. cryptic coloration c. chemical defenses such as poisons and stings d. parasitism e. aposematic coloration ...
... d. fundamental competition e. intraspecific competition 11. animals defend themselves against predators by all of the following, except a. warning coloration b. cryptic coloration c. chemical defenses such as poisons and stings d. parasitism e. aposematic coloration ...
boldness and exploratory behavior of the guppy, poecilia reticulata
... there were behavioral differences between sexes in their different parameters such as boldness. Males were bolder than females, however females had a higher exploration tendency compared to males. Other past studies have suggested that the boldness behavior of guppies relates to their dispersal abil ...
... there were behavioral differences between sexes in their different parameters such as boldness. Males were bolder than females, however females had a higher exploration tendency compared to males. Other past studies have suggested that the boldness behavior of guppies relates to their dispersal abil ...
Animal Behavior Need to Know For Test
... Distinguish among classical conditioning and operant conditioning. Describe and define kinesis, taxis, and migration. Describe optimal foraging strategies in terms of energetics and prey densities. Describe agonistic behavior. Describe a dominance hierarchy and explain the advantages to individuals ...
... Distinguish among classical conditioning and operant conditioning. Describe and define kinesis, taxis, and migration. Describe optimal foraging strategies in terms of energetics and prey densities. Describe agonistic behavior. Describe a dominance hierarchy and explain the advantages to individuals ...
3 Larval ecology jh 2009
... • Mortality – predation, competition, density independent limits (food, space), e.g pelagic sharks ...
... • Mortality – predation, competition, density independent limits (food, space), e.g pelagic sharks ...
A New Method for Immobilizing Fossorial Frogs After
... (approximately 0.5 m) and uniformity of habitat. Each experimental array consisted of four collapsible rectangular mesh minnow traps [model RN10; Memphis Net and Twine Co. Inc., Memphis, Tennessee; US $10.99] placed at each end and along the middle of a 3.0-m long section of silt fencing (Enge 1997) ...
... (approximately 0.5 m) and uniformity of habitat. Each experimental array consisted of four collapsible rectangular mesh minnow traps [model RN10; Memphis Net and Twine Co. Inc., Memphis, Tennessee; US $10.99] placed at each end and along the middle of a 3.0-m long section of silt fencing (Enge 1997) ...
Reexamining Human Origins in Light of Ardipithecus
... canines occurred in hominids long before any of the dental modifica- surface: (i) regular food-carrying, (ii) pair-bonding, and (iii) reproductions of Australopithecus or the use of stone tools. The loss of large tive crypsis (in which females did not advertise ovulation, unlike the canine teeth in ...
... canines occurred in hominids long before any of the dental modifica- surface: (i) regular food-carrying, (ii) pair-bonding, and (iii) reproductions of Australopithecus or the use of stone tools. The loss of large tive crypsis (in which females did not advertise ovulation, unlike the canine teeth in ...
Different kinds of development by birds after birth
... by vertebrates after birth The two kinds of developmental strategies for birds after birth, is mainly linked to nest building, feeding and protecting from predators in their environment. • Altricial development (‘requiring nourishment’) • Precocial development ...
... by vertebrates after birth The two kinds of developmental strategies for birds after birth, is mainly linked to nest building, feeding and protecting from predators in their environment. • Altricial development (‘requiring nourishment’) • Precocial development ...
Behavioral ecology
Behavioral ecology is the study of the evolutionary basis for animal behavior due to ecological pressures. Behavioral ecology emerged from ethology after Niko Tinbergen outlined four questions to address when studying animal behavior which are the proximate causes, ontogeny, survival value, and phylogeny of behavior.If an organism has a trait which provides them with a selective advantage (i.e. has an adaptive significance) in a new environment natural selection will likely favor it. This was originally proposed as the theory of natural selection by Charles Darwin. Adaptive significance therefore refers to the beneficial qualities, in terms of increased survival and reproduction, a trait conveys. Genetic differences in individuals lead to behavioral differences that in turn drive differences in adaptation, reproductive success, and ultimately evolution.Individuals are always in competition with others for limited resources, including food, territories, and mates. Conflict will occur between predators and prey, between rivals for mates, between siblings, mates, and even between parents and their offspring.