Behavioral Analysis and Review of
... size ratios can reach up to 4.67:1 where nymphs are emerging significantly later than those which first emerged. In separated populations of mantids where one is allowed cannibalism and the other is limited to the equal amount of prey provided to the cannibalistic group. After only 30 days, length o ...
... size ratios can reach up to 4.67:1 where nymphs are emerging significantly later than those which first emerged. In separated populations of mantids where one is allowed cannibalism and the other is limited to the equal amount of prey provided to the cannibalistic group. After only 30 days, length o ...
Topic 12 Arthropods 2
... years depending on the species. The biomass losses through predation are made up through growth and reproduction. Krill undergo extensive vertical migrations in the water column descending during the day to try to avoid predators and ascending at night to feed. ...
... years depending on the species. The biomass losses through predation are made up through growth and reproduction. Krill undergo extensive vertical migrations in the water column descending during the day to try to avoid predators and ascending at night to feed. ...
第12章 生活史Life Histories
... (3) Correlated responses to artificial or natural selection provide some of the most consistent evidence of trade-offs. ‘young’ population has a higher mortality rate, but ...
... (3) Correlated responses to artificial or natural selection provide some of the most consistent evidence of trade-offs. ‘young’ population has a higher mortality rate, but ...
Humpless Domestic Cattle
... and other succulent vegetation (Feldhammer 1999). As is typical of most grazers a herd will feed in a particular area until the preferred or available food sources are depleted at which time it will move on in search of more vegetation. In a domestic setting various grazing rotation systems have bee ...
... and other succulent vegetation (Feldhammer 1999). As is typical of most grazers a herd will feed in a particular area until the preferred or available food sources are depleted at which time it will move on in search of more vegetation. In a domestic setting various grazing rotation systems have bee ...
Biology 102 - ltcconline.net
... observable muscular activity, triggered by an external stimulus. More or less, it is what an animal does when interacting with its natural environment. People throughout history have been remarking on and documenting animal activities, but behavioral biology, the science of behavior, was not establi ...
... observable muscular activity, triggered by an external stimulus. More or less, it is what an animal does when interacting with its natural environment. People throughout history have been remarking on and documenting animal activities, but behavioral biology, the science of behavior, was not establi ...
Animal Reproduction
... quantities of gametes that result in lots of zygotes. Predation on young is high. Few will survive to reproduce. ...
... quantities of gametes that result in lots of zygotes. Predation on young is high. Few will survive to reproduce. ...
Offspring genetic structure reveals mating and nest infestation
... genetic data on the reproductive biology and behaviour of myiasis-causing flies of birds (e.g. Protocalliphora and Philornis species) are absent (Otranto and Stevens 2002; Criscione et al. 2005; AzeredoEspin and Lessinger 2006), despite the high fitness costs that these parasites cause in nestlings ...
... genetic data on the reproductive biology and behaviour of myiasis-causing flies of birds (e.g. Protocalliphora and Philornis species) are absent (Otranto and Stevens 2002; Criscione et al. 2005; AzeredoEspin and Lessinger 2006), despite the high fitness costs that these parasites cause in nestlings ...
Fish Pop. Biol.
... Density Dependent - increases with density Predation direct effects = death or injury Predation indirect effects = predation avoidance reduced movement, reduced feeding, &/or reduced breeding reduced individual condition &/or pop. size ...
... Density Dependent - increases with density Predation direct effects = death or injury Predation indirect effects = predation avoidance reduced movement, reduced feeding, &/or reduced breeding reduced individual condition &/or pop. size ...
• Life History of Aquatic Organisms
... Density Dependent - increases with density • Predation direct effects = death or injury • Predation indirect effects = predation avoidance reduced movement, reduced feeding, &/or reduced breeding reduced individual condition &/or pop. size ...
... Density Dependent - increases with density • Predation direct effects = death or injury • Predation indirect effects = predation avoidance reduced movement, reduced feeding, &/or reduced breeding reduced individual condition &/or pop. size ...
Symbiosis ppt
... water, salt water, fresh water, heat, protection, etc.) Behavior: When and how it reproduces, mating rituals, hibernation, defense mechanisms, interactions with others ...
... water, salt water, fresh water, heat, protection, etc.) Behavior: When and how it reproduces, mating rituals, hibernation, defense mechanisms, interactions with others ...
Anartia amathea (Scarlet Peacock Butterfly)
... ACTIVITY. Anartia amathea is a diurnal (active during the day) species. It is mostly active during sunshine and flutters around in areas that are dry and hot and areas of low herbaceous vegetation. Adults may leave otherwise suitable areas if there are no sources of nectar. They are also active duri ...
... ACTIVITY. Anartia amathea is a diurnal (active during the day) species. It is mostly active during sunshine and flutters around in areas that are dry and hot and areas of low herbaceous vegetation. Adults may leave otherwise suitable areas if there are no sources of nectar. They are also active duri ...
Choosing a mate in a high predation environment: Female
... greatly enlarge claw and sometimes by building a sand hood next to their burrow entrance. Hoods are attractive because they elicit a risk-reducing orientation behavior in females, and it has been suggested that claw waving may also serve primarily to orient the female to the male. If the wave commu ...
... greatly enlarge claw and sometimes by building a sand hood next to their burrow entrance. Hoods are attractive because they elicit a risk-reducing orientation behavior in females, and it has been suggested that claw waving may also serve primarily to orient the female to the male. If the wave commu ...
WEEK 1 - MK2Review
... 1. Every population is so fertile that its size would increase exponentially if not constrained. 2. Size of populations remain stable over time. 3. The resources available to every species are limited. There is an intense struggle for survival among the members of that species. 4. No two individual ...
... 1. Every population is so fertile that its size would increase exponentially if not constrained. 2. Size of populations remain stable over time. 3. The resources available to every species are limited. There is an intense struggle for survival among the members of that species. 4. No two individual ...
Blue-crowned Motmot - Avian Scientific Advisory Group
... during the excavation. The entrance to the nesting burrow may be concealed by root masses or overhanging vegetation. Another method used to attempt to limit nest predation is each parent undertaking extended incubation bouts to limit the amount of activity around the entrance to the nest tunnels. Ty ...
... during the excavation. The entrance to the nesting burrow may be concealed by root masses or overhanging vegetation. Another method used to attempt to limit nest predation is each parent undertaking extended incubation bouts to limit the amount of activity around the entrance to the nest tunnels. Ty ...
THE EVOLUTION OF SOCIALITY: PERACARID CRUSTACEANS AS
... High abundance and quality of food resources might also favor group-living, because the capability of individuals to exploit and monopolize food might increase in large groups (e.g., Whitehouse & Lubin, 2005). However, groupliving also generates costs. For example, competition for resources may be h ...
... High abundance and quality of food resources might also favor group-living, because the capability of individuals to exploit and monopolize food might increase in large groups (e.g., Whitehouse & Lubin, 2005). However, groupliving also generates costs. For example, competition for resources may be h ...
maternal care in the neotropical harvestman bourguyia albiornata
... Martin & Bateson, 1986), such as interactions between guarding females and other animals, and attacks of egg predators. Voucher specimens were deposited in the arachnological collection of the Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo (MZSP), Brazil. Field experiment: the role of maternal care ...
... Martin & Bateson, 1986), such as interactions between guarding females and other animals, and attacks of egg predators. Voucher specimens were deposited in the arachnological collection of the Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo (MZSP), Brazil. Field experiment: the role of maternal care ...
Body size and alternative mating tactics in the beewolf Philanthus
... 11.00 hours. However, a t this time most females were still digging. Another 30-60 min usually passed before most of the females were provisioning. When males first emerged in the morning from sleeping burrows in the nesting area (at about 10.30 to 11.00 hours) they fed on flowers near the nesting a ...
... 11.00 hours. However, a t this time most females were still digging. Another 30-60 min usually passed before most of the females were provisioning. When males first emerged in the morning from sleeping burrows in the nesting area (at about 10.30 to 11.00 hours) they fed on flowers near the nesting a ...
9.1 Mechanisms of Evolution
... Figure 9.9: The population before natural selection (top) and after (bottom). The brown area shows the general population. ...
... Figure 9.9: The population before natural selection (top) and after (bottom). The brown area shows the general population. ...
FISH 312: Fisheries Ecology
... 3. Mode of reproduction (broadcast spawning, single pair, internal or external fertilization) 4. Parental investment: anisogamy (females produce a smaller number of larger gametes than males, and so are generally more “choosy” regarding mates). Females also typically have a larger total investment i ...
... 3. Mode of reproduction (broadcast spawning, single pair, internal or external fertilization) 4. Parental investment: anisogamy (females produce a smaller number of larger gametes than males, and so are generally more “choosy” regarding mates). Females also typically have a larger total investment i ...
TWO NEW SPECIES OF THE TRIBE EUCOSMINI
... Forewing (Figs. 1-4). Ground color light ochreous with extensive fulvous maculation, which, in well marked examples shows a tendency to form vertical rows. On the basal third, extending from dorsum to % the distance to costa, the fulvous markings are heavier, forming an ill-defined patch, the outer ...
... Forewing (Figs. 1-4). Ground color light ochreous with extensive fulvous maculation, which, in well marked examples shows a tendency to form vertical rows. On the basal third, extending from dorsum to % the distance to costa, the fulvous markings are heavier, forming an ill-defined patch, the outer ...
Sesgos de Especies y Sexo en la Depredación de Tortugas Verdes
... Norberg 1981, Mueller 1990). Different hypotheses have been proposed to explain the evolution of this trait in birds: resource partitioning, sex role partitioning in parental care, and sexual selection (Anderson and Norberg 1981, Mueller 1990). Among these, resource partitioning between members of a ...
... Norberg 1981, Mueller 1990). Different hypotheses have been proposed to explain the evolution of this trait in birds: resource partitioning, sex role partitioning in parental care, and sexual selection (Anderson and Norberg 1981, Mueller 1990). Among these, resource partitioning between members of a ...
Outline Behavioral Ecology
... grooming, displays, appeasement behavior, vocalizations, or ceremonies that may be aggressive or submissive). Appreciate the role of auditory or visual signals in the recognition of individuals and maintenance of social position. 34. Distinguish between territory and home range. Describe the benefit ...
... grooming, displays, appeasement behavior, vocalizations, or ceremonies that may be aggressive or submissive). Appreciate the role of auditory or visual signals in the recognition of individuals and maintenance of social position. 34. Distinguish between territory and home range. Describe the benefit ...
Pink Convict Cichlid ( Amatitlania nigrofasciata ) Variety_sht
... Diet: The Pink Convict Cichlid is omnivorous and will eat most prepared and frozen foods, including freezedried bloodworms, Tubifex, and ocean plankton, as well as flake food and Cichlid pellets. In natural habitats, the species feeds on crustaceans, small fish, insects, various worms, plants and al ...
... Diet: The Pink Convict Cichlid is omnivorous and will eat most prepared and frozen foods, including freezedried bloodworms, Tubifex, and ocean plankton, as well as flake food and Cichlid pellets. In natural habitats, the species feeds on crustaceans, small fish, insects, various worms, plants and al ...
Behavioral ecology
Behavioral ecology is the study of the evolutionary basis for animal behavior due to ecological pressures. Behavioral ecology emerged from ethology after Niko Tinbergen outlined four questions to address when studying animal behavior which are the proximate causes, ontogeny, survival value, and phylogeny of behavior.If an organism has a trait which provides them with a selective advantage (i.e. has an adaptive significance) in a new environment natural selection will likely favor it. This was originally proposed as the theory of natural selection by Charles Darwin. Adaptive significance therefore refers to the beneficial qualities, in terms of increased survival and reproduction, a trait conveys. Genetic differences in individuals lead to behavioral differences that in turn drive differences in adaptation, reproductive success, and ultimately evolution.Individuals are always in competition with others for limited resources, including food, territories, and mates. Conflict will occur between predators and prey, between rivals for mates, between siblings, mates, and even between parents and their offspring.