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Morphological changes in the female reproductive organs during
... become physiologically more stimulated as the time of the second amplexus approaches. They would thus be more prone to return to, and stay in the nest where the second amplexus should occur. At least one study demonstrated that behavioural changes in female phonotactic preferences were related to di ...
... become physiologically more stimulated as the time of the second amplexus approaches. They would thus be more prone to return to, and stay in the nest where the second amplexus should occur. At least one study demonstrated that behavioural changes in female phonotactic preferences were related to di ...
Social Evolution in Primates: The Role of Ecological Factors and
... associations or social relationships between the sexes, which, as we shall see, are quite important in the order primates. Second, it may also be wrong. In particular, it is conceivable that male-female interactions might alter spatial associations and relationships among females (Wrangham 1979), th ...
... associations or social relationships between the sexes, which, as we shall see, are quite important in the order primates. Second, it may also be wrong. In particular, it is conceivable that male-female interactions might alter spatial associations and relationships among females (Wrangham 1979), th ...
american toad - Potter Park Zoo
... primary care of the eggs by both defending them and maintaining egg moisture by excreting water on them. The eggs will hatch in 14–18 days and the tadpoles will attach to the males back with their mouths as he carries them to a small pool of water nearby. These are often tiny pools formed in tree ho ...
... primary care of the eggs by both defending them and maintaining egg moisture by excreting water on them. The eggs will hatch in 14–18 days and the tadpoles will attach to the males back with their mouths as he carries them to a small pool of water nearby. These are often tiny pools formed in tree ho ...
Oreochromis mossambicus (Mozambique Tilapia)
... SOCIAL ORGANIZATION. O. mossambicus are group-living and territorial and travel in schools like other cichlids (Mook 1983). Males exhibit territorial threat displays (Almada & Oliveira 1998) and the agonistic interactions also follow a hierarchical system that forms a linear relationship based on si ...
... SOCIAL ORGANIZATION. O. mossambicus are group-living and territorial and travel in schools like other cichlids (Mook 1983). Males exhibit territorial threat displays (Almada & Oliveira 1998) and the agonistic interactions also follow a hierarchical system that forms a linear relationship based on si ...
Sex differences in lizard escape decisions vary with latitude, but not
... and losing access to their high-quality territory is much greater, especially when actively engaged in social behaviour [11,12]. Likewise, sex differences in body size or coloration linked to sexual selection may result in individuals of the conspicuous sex taking greater risks than individuals of t ...
... and losing access to their high-quality territory is much greater, especially when actively engaged in social behaviour [11,12]. Likewise, sex differences in body size or coloration linked to sexual selection may result in individuals of the conspicuous sex taking greater risks than individuals of t ...
Using optimality models to predict trait evolution
... easy to detect, it will be the prime target of predators. Although the predators may learn now to avoid the coloured form, it is too late for the mutant. The mutant would not spread. How did aposematism evolve from the beginning? R. A. Fisher proposed a solution to this problem: Brightly coloured in ...
... easy to detect, it will be the prime target of predators. Although the predators may learn now to avoid the coloured form, it is too late for the mutant. The mutant would not spread. How did aposematism evolve from the beginning? R. A. Fisher proposed a solution to this problem: Brightly coloured in ...
Title Evolution of maternal investment strategies for the Panda Bear
... kilograms and eat as much as 10,000 kilograms a day. Although their diets consist of 99% bamboo they are also known to eat field mice and other mammals when bamboo isn’t readily available to them. It is said they live up to 25 years in the wild and 30 years in captivity. On very rare occasions, Pand ...
... kilograms and eat as much as 10,000 kilograms a day. Although their diets consist of 99% bamboo they are also known to eat field mice and other mammals when bamboo isn’t readily available to them. It is said they live up to 25 years in the wild and 30 years in captivity. On very rare occasions, Pand ...
ISBE Poster Abstract Book
... and quality, and intraspecific competition. Earlier breeding was found at low altitude, high territory quality and high intraspecific competition. Territory location and quality were more important than individual variation, indicating that the local environment cannot be ignored in studies of breed ...
... and quality, and intraspecific competition. Earlier breeding was found at low altitude, high territory quality and high intraspecific competition. Territory location and quality were more important than individual variation, indicating that the local environment cannot be ignored in studies of breed ...
Genetic Drift[2]
... beginning of the industrial revolution. Shown at left, the typica moth's speckled wings are easy to spot against a dark background, but would be difficult to pick out against the light-colored bark of many trees common in England. Around the middle of the 19th century, however, a new form of the mot ...
... beginning of the industrial revolution. Shown at left, the typica moth's speckled wings are easy to spot against a dark background, but would be difficult to pick out against the light-colored bark of many trees common in England. Around the middle of the 19th century, however, a new form of the mot ...
word - marric.us
... beginning of the industrial revolution. Shown at left, the typica moth's speckled wings are easy to spot against a dark background, but would be difficult to pick out against the light-colored bark of many trees common in England. Around the middle of the 19th century, however, a new form of the mot ...
... beginning of the industrial revolution. Shown at left, the typica moth's speckled wings are easy to spot against a dark background, but would be difficult to pick out against the light-colored bark of many trees common in England. Around the middle of the 19th century, however, a new form of the mot ...
AN ETHOGRAM FOR ADULT MALE RAINBOW SKINKS, CARLIA
... 1977a,b), but their simultaneous use has only been described in one lizard species, the skink, C. rostralis (Whittier, 1994). C. rostralis males use this behaviour primarily in dominance/subordination interactions with other males (Whittier, 1994). The function of this behaviour may be similar in th ...
... 1977a,b), but their simultaneous use has only been described in one lizard species, the skink, C. rostralis (Whittier, 1994). C. rostralis males use this behaviour primarily in dominance/subordination interactions with other males (Whittier, 1994). The function of this behaviour may be similar in th ...
Population characteristics
... • Uniform spacing arises from interactions among individuals - maintenance of minimum distance to avoid agonistic interaction • e.g., to avoid fights over food, or interference while foraging ...
... • Uniform spacing arises from interactions among individuals - maintenance of minimum distance to avoid agonistic interaction • e.g., to avoid fights over food, or interference while foraging ...
VIII. Phylum Acanthocephala [“Thorny-headed worms”] (Chapter 32) 2011
... Females usually bigger than males b. Only body opening is a posterior gonopore c. CEMENT GLANDS ...
... Females usually bigger than males b. Only body opening is a posterior gonopore c. CEMENT GLANDS ...
Endangered Wild Equids
... We can tell that the 45 we have located are different individuals, because each animal has a unique pattern of stripes on its legs. Thus, we have been able to follow their movements, social interactions and survival. We can also track a female's reproductive status, how often she gives birth, and th ...
... We can tell that the 45 we have located are different individuals, because each animal has a unique pattern of stripes on its legs. Thus, we have been able to follow their movements, social interactions and survival. We can also track a female's reproductive status, how often she gives birth, and th ...
behavior
... • Optimal foraging model views foraging behavior as a compromise between benefits of nutrition and costs of obtaining food • The costs of obtaining food include energy expenditure and the risk of being eaten while ...
... • Optimal foraging model views foraging behavior as a compromise between benefits of nutrition and costs of obtaining food • The costs of obtaining food include energy expenditure and the risk of being eaten while ...
Sex Differences in Giraffe Feeding Ecology
... Studies of giraffe social behavior have revealed two patterns tnat may be related to their patterns of feeding. First, the sex ratio of giraffe groups varies with habitat. Males are more cammon in forest and in taller, thicker vegetation, and females are more common in open habitats (FOSTER 1966; FO ...
... Studies of giraffe social behavior have revealed two patterns tnat may be related to their patterns of feeding. First, the sex ratio of giraffe groups varies with habitat. Males are more cammon in forest and in taller, thicker vegetation, and females are more common in open habitats (FOSTER 1966; FO ...
Same sexual system but variable sociobiology: evolution of
... with a well-developed testicular portion, vasa deferentia, ejaculatory ducts with sperm, and a rudimentary ovarian portion. During this MP, corresponding to that of protandric species, the individual can only function sexually as a male. As the MP grows larger, the ovarian portion of the gonads incr ...
... with a well-developed testicular portion, vasa deferentia, ejaculatory ducts with sperm, and a rudimentary ovarian portion. During this MP, corresponding to that of protandric species, the individual can only function sexually as a male. As the MP grows larger, the ovarian portion of the gonads incr ...
The Tempo of Evolution
... EVOLUTION IN CONTEXT Contemporary evolution, or rapid genetic changes within populations, is ubiquitous, but one of the earliest demonstrations of natural selection’s short-term dynamics was observed in the streams of Trinidad. Starting in the early 1980s, researchers transferred guppies from commun ...
... EVOLUTION IN CONTEXT Contemporary evolution, or rapid genetic changes within populations, is ubiquitous, but one of the earliest demonstrations of natural selection’s short-term dynamics was observed in the streams of Trinidad. Starting in the early 1980s, researchers transferred guppies from commun ...
FIS314 - The Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta
... Establishment of the area thus identifies by the right male as its territory marks the beginning of this phase. This area is simply a part of the aquatic habitat including some suitable spawning sites; with this done, the male fish deeply and brightly coloured, defend the territory with increasing v ...
... Establishment of the area thus identifies by the right male as its territory marks the beginning of this phase. This area is simply a part of the aquatic habitat including some suitable spawning sites; with this done, the male fish deeply and brightly coloured, defend the territory with increasing v ...
A CRITIQUE CAN THE ACTIVITY BUDGET HYPOTHESIS EXPLAIN
... these ten minutes, the authors wrote down each minute (at that precise moment, and not for the whole minute) what the activity of the animal was. This approach is a mixture of focal observations and scans on one single individual at a time. Within these 10-minute observations they further stopped th ...
... these ten minutes, the authors wrote down each minute (at that precise moment, and not for the whole minute) what the activity of the animal was. This approach is a mixture of focal observations and scans on one single individual at a time. Within these 10-minute observations they further stopped th ...
Love is a battlefield for weta, with males` sprinting and aggressive
... Darwinian drama of heavyweights winning fights, small giant weta males had the advantage. Males do not defend resources so perhaps the best strategy is to scramble for mates, with lightweights favoured because they cover more ground. Our test of this idea involved tracking down all tagged weta late ...
... Darwinian drama of heavyweights winning fights, small giant weta males had the advantage. Males do not defend resources so perhaps the best strategy is to scramble for mates, with lightweights favoured because they cover more ground. Our test of this idea involved tracking down all tagged weta late ...
SexSelSeminarian
... What determines lek size? Cognitive constraints and per capita attraction of females limit male aggregation in an acoustic moth. S. Alem, C. Clanet, V. Party, A. Dixsault, & M. D. Greenfield. 2015 Animal Behaviour 100: 106-115 ...
... What determines lek size? Cognitive constraints and per capita attraction of females limit male aggregation in an acoustic moth. S. Alem, C. Clanet, V. Party, A. Dixsault, & M. D. Greenfield. 2015 Animal Behaviour 100: 106-115 ...
Small Rodents - All Creatures Animal Hospital
... males) with little aggression as long as the individuals are introduced while young. You will need to provide multiple food and water sources if housing more than one animal in an enclosure. Hamsters, on the other hand, will not tolerate the presence of others. Female hamsters, in particular, are ve ...
... males) with little aggression as long as the individuals are introduced while young. You will need to provide multiple food and water sources if housing more than one animal in an enclosure. Hamsters, on the other hand, will not tolerate the presence of others. Female hamsters, in particular, are ve ...
Scarus guacamaia (Rainbow Parrotfish)
... POPULATION ECOLOGY. Currently, the population of the rainbow parrotfish is diminishing. This is as a result of the fact that their coral reef and mangrove habitats are being destroyed for development of the coastline and extraction of oil. In the 1960s the rainbow parrotfish population was at peak a ...
... POPULATION ECOLOGY. Currently, the population of the rainbow parrotfish is diminishing. This is as a result of the fact that their coral reef and mangrove habitats are being destroyed for development of the coastline and extraction of oil. In the 1960s the rainbow parrotfish population was at peak a ...
Behavioral ecology
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Aptenodytes_forsteri_-Snow_Hill_Island,_Antarctica_-juvenile-8.jpg?width=300)
Behavioral ecology is the study of the evolutionary basis for animal behavior due to ecological pressures. Behavioral ecology emerged from ethology after Niko Tinbergen outlined four questions to address when studying animal behavior which are the proximate causes, ontogeny, survival value, and phylogeny of behavior.If an organism has a trait which provides them with a selective advantage (i.e. has an adaptive significance) in a new environment natural selection will likely favor it. This was originally proposed as the theory of natural selection by Charles Darwin. Adaptive significance therefore refers to the beneficial qualities, in terms of increased survival and reproduction, a trait conveys. Genetic differences in individuals lead to behavioral differences that in turn drive differences in adaptation, reproductive success, and ultimately evolution.Individuals are always in competition with others for limited resources, including food, territories, and mates. Conflict will occur between predators and prey, between rivals for mates, between siblings, mates, and even between parents and their offspring.