Bio 20c Spring 2016 Final Exam Name/SID Refer to the graphic
... such as the Impala gazelle, and predators of grazers such as leopards. Recent studies have shown that impalas aggregate in open grassy areas rather than in more wooded areas in order to avoid predation by leopards. Aggregating increases the ability of impala to detect a predator as there are more ey ...
... such as the Impala gazelle, and predators of grazers such as leopards. Recent studies have shown that impalas aggregate in open grassy areas rather than in more wooded areas in order to avoid predation by leopards. Aggregating increases the ability of impala to detect a predator as there are more ey ...
Breeding and Husbandry of the Buff
... The Dallas Zoo dealt with this problem by separating our male and female into two side-by-side enclosures. The birds have visual contact with each other. When the female lays her first egg of the season, we pull it. Our female recycles about every 10 days. Five days after pulling the egg, we begin a ...
... The Dallas Zoo dealt with this problem by separating our male and female into two side-by-side enclosures. The birds have visual contact with each other. When the female lays her first egg of the season, we pull it. Our female recycles about every 10 days. Five days after pulling the egg, we begin a ...
Demography and social organization of free
... were identified and monitored over 18 months. The study population of the reserve remained stable, with a growth rate of 0.98. Group sizes ranged from nine to 22 individuals (mean 14). Home ranges were larger (32 ha) and population densities lower (135/km2)than those for previously studied populatio ...
... were identified and monitored over 18 months. The study population of the reserve remained stable, with a growth rate of 0.98. Group sizes ranged from nine to 22 individuals (mean 14). Home ranges were larger (32 ha) and population densities lower (135/km2)than those for previously studied populatio ...
Unit 5 – Primates and Primate Evolution – Human Science Lecture
... Species habilis, erectus, and sapiens* *only Homo sapiens are still extant c. Grades of Primate Evolution: This system classifies species not strictly based on normal taxonomic characters, but based on behavioral traits. Since primates are so similar taxonomically, this system may be more useful for ...
... Species habilis, erectus, and sapiens* *only Homo sapiens are still extant c. Grades of Primate Evolution: This system classifies species not strictly based on normal taxonomic characters, but based on behavioral traits. Since primates are so similar taxonomically, this system may be more useful for ...
Social behavior I
... Cooperative breeding: “altruistic” helpers increase their inclusive fitness In pied kingfishers, some yearling males are not able to find a mate. Options: ...
... Cooperative breeding: “altruistic” helpers increase their inclusive fitness In pied kingfishers, some yearling males are not able to find a mate. Options: ...
Bioeconomics and the Survivor Model: The Economic Lessons of
... vigorously compete for this right but the cost is that they have higher mortality rates because of greater vulnerability to predators. The benefit is that they gain elevated status and have superior access to females. ...
... vigorously compete for this right but the cost is that they have higher mortality rates because of greater vulnerability to predators. The benefit is that they gain elevated status and have superior access to females. ...
Geographic Range
... potential for females to be choosy when it comes to which males will sire her offspring. As a consequence of the choices females make and the effort males put into acquiring matings, many mammals have complex behaviors and morphologies associated with reproduction. Many mammal groups are marked by s ...
... potential for females to be choosy when it comes to which males will sire her offspring. As a consequence of the choices females make and the effort males put into acquiring matings, many mammals have complex behaviors and morphologies associated with reproduction. Many mammal groups are marked by s ...
SEXUAL SEGREGATION IN UNGULATES: A NEW APPROACH
... segregation in social ungulates and mammals in general. Hypotheses proposed to explain sexual segregation have only been tested on a limited number of sexually dimorphic species. No data is available on non-dimorphi c species, and hence no comparative or other data are presented in this review. Non- ...
... segregation in social ungulates and mammals in general. Hypotheses proposed to explain sexual segregation have only been tested on a limited number of sexually dimorphic species. No data is available on non-dimorphi c species, and hence no comparative or other data are presented in this review. Non- ...
Provided for non-commercial research and educational use. Not for
... The concept of fecundity should, in practice, be applied equally to the two major modes of reproduction – sexual and asexual. Discussions centered on the evolution of sexual reproduction must reconcile the theoretical advantage asexual reproduction presents to an individual – the possibility of a tw ...
... The concept of fecundity should, in practice, be applied equally to the two major modes of reproduction – sexual and asexual. Discussions centered on the evolution of sexual reproduction must reconcile the theoretical advantage asexual reproduction presents to an individual – the possibility of a tw ...
90 Second Naturalist – November 2015 Scripts
... Another ratite, the Emu, makes for a sturdy parent, with adults even larger than rheas and nearly as tall as ostrich. And papa emus can't be beat. Dad builds their substantial nest all by himself. Then, After mama lays her clutch of some six to 11 eggs, she wanders off to find another mate while he ...
... Another ratite, the Emu, makes for a sturdy parent, with adults even larger than rheas and nearly as tall as ostrich. And papa emus can't be beat. Dad builds their substantial nest all by himself. Then, After mama lays her clutch of some six to 11 eggs, she wanders off to find another mate while he ...
REVIEW PAPER Female mating decisions: maximizing
... to invest only the sufficient energy relative to the amount of benefits (direct or indirect) they will get from mating with a particular male (Alatalo et al., 1998; Sheldon, 2000). Thus, the question of when and with whom to mate should be viewed in the context of a trade-off between future benefits (d ...
... to invest only the sufficient energy relative to the amount of benefits (direct or indirect) they will get from mating with a particular male (Alatalo et al., 1998; Sheldon, 2000). Thus, the question of when and with whom to mate should be viewed in the context of a trade-off between future benefits (d ...
The Gene Scene Game
... Habitat fragmentation has resulted from construction of new housing developments and an increase in roads. As they move between the smaller habitats, white-tailed deer have a greater chance of being hit by cars and trucks on the roads. Lose one white-tailed deer with a “small home range” ...
... Habitat fragmentation has resulted from construction of new housing developments and an increase in roads. As they move between the smaller habitats, white-tailed deer have a greater chance of being hit by cars and trucks on the roads. Lose one white-tailed deer with a “small home range” ...
S51.2: Brood parasites: The advantages of being a different species
... 1997, and, Poulin 1998). However, if the brood parasite nestling is reared by foster parents of a different species, the risk of being infected is greatly reduced compared to non-brood parasitic nestlings. Thereby, the cost of infections is reduced just because the foster parent and the brood parasi ...
... 1997, and, Poulin 1998). However, if the brood parasite nestling is reared by foster parents of a different species, the risk of being infected is greatly reduced compared to non-brood parasitic nestlings. Thereby, the cost of infections is reduced just because the foster parent and the brood parasi ...
Chapter 12: Family, Society, and Evolution
... 34. The conversation moves to the topic of altruistic behaviors. Your friend is of the opinion that truly altruistic behaviors cannot exist because they are performed at a cost to their donors. You ask your friend if the ecology course has covered kin selection yet. When you discover that the course ...
... 34. The conversation moves to the topic of altruistic behaviors. Your friend is of the opinion that truly altruistic behaviors cannot exist because they are performed at a cost to their donors. You ask your friend if the ecology course has covered kin selection yet. When you discover that the course ...
Macrotis lagotis - Department of Parks and Wildlife
... breeding depends on rainfall in the area. Females can commence breeding at six months of age (700 g) and, in captivity, may continue to breed up t o five years of age. In contrast, males have bred in captivity at eight months of age (800 g), although breeding seems dependent upon t he rank of the ma ...
... breeding depends on rainfall in the area. Females can commence breeding at six months of age (700 g) and, in captivity, may continue to breed up t o five years of age. In contrast, males have bred in captivity at eight months of age (800 g), although breeding seems dependent upon t he rank of the ma ...
Among-population differences in the frequency of intraspecific
... for individual growth than food quality, although the relationship between a single meal and individual SVL can depend on many factors and any inference needs to be treated with care. One reason that female newts engage more in oophagy could be the extra energy required for the production of eggs (B ...
... for individual growth than food quality, although the relationship between a single meal and individual SVL can depend on many factors and any inference needs to be treated with care. One reason that female newts engage more in oophagy could be the extra energy required for the production of eggs (B ...
Are fishes good parents?
... correlation between the size of the brood and the extent of weight loss, large broods being more detrimental.12 Weight loss is probably an inescapable consequence of all the predator-chasing the parents do, as well as a lack of foraging time (or, in the case of mouthbrooders, a plain and simple inab ...
... correlation between the size of the brood and the extent of weight loss, large broods being more detrimental.12 Weight loss is probably an inescapable consequence of all the predator-chasing the parents do, as well as a lack of foraging time (or, in the case of mouthbrooders, a plain and simple inab ...
1 Frogs are members of the zoological class called
... Amplexus can last several days! Usually, it occurs in the water. While in some cases, complicated courting behavior occurs before mating, many species of frogs are known for attempting to mate with anything that moves which isn't small enough to eat! ...
... Amplexus can last several days! Usually, it occurs in the water. While in some cases, complicated courting behavior occurs before mating, many species of frogs are known for attempting to mate with anything that moves which isn't small enough to eat! ...
Heterospecific courtship, minority effects and niche separation
... competitive exclusion is instead driven by genetic drift and non-resource related selection (reviewed in Gordon, 2000). This might especially apply to phytophagous insects that often experience much lower population densities than the density of their host plant resource (Lawton & Strong, 1981), whi ...
... competitive exclusion is instead driven by genetic drift and non-resource related selection (reviewed in Gordon, 2000). This might especially apply to phytophagous insects that often experience much lower population densities than the density of their host plant resource (Lawton & Strong, 1981), whi ...
boughman 2002 tree sensory drive and speciation
... discrimination efficiency. Degraded signals can increase error rates if females base mating decisions on variation in signal form, because signal degradation decreases the perceived differences between signals given by different males. Because of these varied effects, communication signals are expec ...
... discrimination efficiency. Degraded signals can increase error rates if females base mating decisions on variation in signal form, because signal degradation decreases the perceived differences between signals given by different males. Because of these varied effects, communication signals are expec ...
Exam 2 Terms List
... o why are females generally the choosier sex? o Certainty of paternity o Polygyny threshold o Ecological sexual dimorphism o Alternative mating systems Cuckoldry Sneaker males Satellite males Fitness and an Individual’s Status in its Population K-selected: determined largely by biotic enviro ...
... o why are females generally the choosier sex? o Certainty of paternity o Polygyny threshold o Ecological sexual dimorphism o Alternative mating systems Cuckoldry Sneaker males Satellite males Fitness and an Individual’s Status in its Population K-selected: determined largely by biotic enviro ...
Exam 2 Terms List
... o why are females generally the choosier sex? o Certainty of paternity o Polygyny threshold o Ecological sexual dimorphism o Alternative mating systems Cuckoldry Sneaker males Satellite males Fitness and an Individual’s Status in its Population K-selected: determined largely by biotic enviro ...
... o why are females generally the choosier sex? o Certainty of paternity o Polygyny threshold o Ecological sexual dimorphism o Alternative mating systems Cuckoldry Sneaker males Satellite males Fitness and an Individual’s Status in its Population K-selected: determined largely by biotic enviro ...
Chapter 15 – nests and incubation and chapter 16 – parents and
... Extreme cooling will kill embryo No adult attendance – chances of parasitism or predation increase Fine balance, because for some too much parental activity – predation increases ...
... Extreme cooling will kill embryo No adult attendance – chances of parasitism or predation increase Fine balance, because for some too much parental activity – predation increases ...
Superviviencia libre en Castilla (1753 kB.)
... with a total extension of approximately 308 has. where a cynegetic fence has been built around. The farm lacks cynegetic exploitation. Therefore, the density of the different species is only conditioned by the relation predator-prey. With regard to permanent vegetation, it must be highlighted the im ...
... with a total extension of approximately 308 has. where a cynegetic fence has been built around. The farm lacks cynegetic exploitation. Therefore, the density of the different species is only conditioned by the relation predator-prey. With regard to permanent vegetation, it must be highlighted the im ...
Behavioral ecology
Behavioral ecology is the study of the evolutionary basis for animal behavior due to ecological pressures. Behavioral ecology emerged from ethology after Niko Tinbergen outlined four questions to address when studying animal behavior which are the proximate causes, ontogeny, survival value, and phylogeny of behavior.If an organism has a trait which provides them with a selective advantage (i.e. has an adaptive significance) in a new environment natural selection will likely favor it. This was originally proposed as the theory of natural selection by Charles Darwin. Adaptive significance therefore refers to the beneficial qualities, in terms of increased survival and reproduction, a trait conveys. Genetic differences in individuals lead to behavioral differences that in turn drive differences in adaptation, reproductive success, and ultimately evolution.Individuals are always in competition with others for limited resources, including food, territories, and mates. Conflict will occur between predators and prey, between rivals for mates, between siblings, mates, and even between parents and their offspring.