Sicydium punctatum (Tri Tri)
... downriver to the ocean via water currents to consume food and develop, after which migrate back upstream to inland freshwater habitats (Bouchon et al., 2009). POPULATION ECOLOGY. Due to the involvement of freshwater - where adults, eggs, larvae are predominantly found, and oceanic habitats - where l ...
... downriver to the ocean via water currents to consume food and develop, after which migrate back upstream to inland freshwater habitats (Bouchon et al., 2009). POPULATION ECOLOGY. Due to the involvement of freshwater - where adults, eggs, larvae are predominantly found, and oceanic habitats - where l ...
Contribution to vital statistics of a guppy Poecilia
... length relationship), nor on mortality Z or M (Froese & Pauly 2007). It is an indication that vital statistics for this species are scarce, notwithstanding its popularity among aquarists and as biological model. The number of newborns per female in this population suggests the need of a revision on ...
... length relationship), nor on mortality Z or M (Froese & Pauly 2007). It is an indication that vital statistics for this species are scarce, notwithstanding its popularity among aquarists and as biological model. The number of newborns per female in this population suggests the need of a revision on ...
african crested porcupine
... or aardvark holes. They are terrestrial, rarely climbing trees, but able to swim. African crested porcupines have shorter tails than their New World cousins and the presence of rattle quills at the end of the tail make a hisslike rattle when they vibrate. The quills are used for defense against pred ...
... or aardvark holes. They are terrestrial, rarely climbing trees, but able to swim. African crested porcupines have shorter tails than their New World cousins and the presence of rattle quills at the end of the tail make a hisslike rattle when they vibrate. The quills are used for defense against pred ...
Whip Spider
... They rarely bite if threatened, but can grab with pedipalps, resulting in a thorn-like puncture injury. ...
... They rarely bite if threatened, but can grab with pedipalps, resulting in a thorn-like puncture injury. ...
Female preference and courtship behavior of Limia
... and behavioral traits that are thought to be indicators of male’s overall fitness (see below) as determined by the male’s inheritable individual genotype (genetic make-up) (Andersson, 1994; Zuk et al., 1990). Conversely, sexually selected traits have the potential to negatively affect an individual’ ...
... and behavioral traits that are thought to be indicators of male’s overall fitness (see below) as determined by the male’s inheritable individual genotype (genetic make-up) (Andersson, 1994; Zuk et al., 1990). Conversely, sexually selected traits have the potential to negatively affect an individual’ ...
Parental Care Model: r-Selected and k
... Each group of students (3) has a time period in which to blow bubbles with no parental care. This is done by one person blowing a bubble, one person timing until the bubble pops and one person recording the data. The individual recording the data is also to pick the bubble to time and watch that bub ...
... Each group of students (3) has a time period in which to blow bubbles with no parental care. This is done by one person blowing a bubble, one person timing until the bubble pops and one person recording the data. The individual recording the data is also to pick the bubble to time and watch that bub ...
Biology
... balloons of silk and carry them while flying. If a female approaches one of the males and accepts his balloon, the two will fly off to mate. This type of behavior is an example of ...
... balloons of silk and carry them while flying. If a female approaches one of the males and accepts his balloon, the two will fly off to mate. This type of behavior is an example of ...
Birth-sex ratios and local resource competition
... an a priori differential between the sexes in expected reproductive success, as observed, for example, in red deer (Clutton-Brock et al., 1984), is unlikely. Furthermore, sexual dimorphism during adulthood is minimal (Niethammer and Krapp, 1986), timing and synchrony of births are identical between ...
... an a priori differential between the sexes in expected reproductive success, as observed, for example, in red deer (Clutton-Brock et al., 1984), is unlikely. Furthermore, sexual dimorphism during adulthood is minimal (Niethammer and Krapp, 1986), timing and synchrony of births are identical between ...
I made observations on liptenine biology from July 1986 to March
... Groups of 5 to 6 individuals of both sexes fed on tendril and bamboo extra floral nectaries during the morning. Males did not appear to have specific perching sites, but flew in wide, low circles in open areas in ...
... Groups of 5 to 6 individuals of both sexes fed on tendril and bamboo extra floral nectaries during the morning. Males did not appear to have specific perching sites, but flew in wide, low circles in open areas in ...
Hummingbirds: An Attractive Asset to Your Garden
... spring, the males go through an elaborate courtship display. (Observers have noticed that as part of the mating ritual, females hang upside down on a branch mesmerized while the male hovers above.) One male will try to mate with several different females. Mating occurs by June. Some early clutches o ...
... spring, the males go through an elaborate courtship display. (Observers have noticed that as part of the mating ritual, females hang upside down on a branch mesmerized while the male hovers above.) One male will try to mate with several different females. Mating occurs by June. Some early clutches o ...
Common Boa - Cincinnati Zoo
... vary greatly depending on the locality. However, they are generally a brown, grey or cream base color, patterned with brown or reddish brown "saddles" that become more pronounced towards the tail. It is this coloring that gives Boa constrictor constrictor the common name of "red-tailed boa", as it t ...
... vary greatly depending on the locality. However, they are generally a brown, grey or cream base color, patterned with brown or reddish brown "saddles" that become more pronounced towards the tail. It is this coloring that gives Boa constrictor constrictor the common name of "red-tailed boa", as it t ...
Populations: Survivorship Curves
... death year (record on the same data sheets) Using 5 year increments and the second set of data tables, tally how many males died every 5 years. Repeat using the females. (See example next slide.) ...
... death year (record on the same data sheets) Using 5 year increments and the second set of data tables, tally how many males died every 5 years. Repeat using the females. (See example next slide.) ...
Widespread loss of sexually selected traits: how the peacock lost its
... between streams in relation to predation intensity, and conspicuous coloration is greatly reduced in populations experiencing high predation risks11. High predation pressure can also act on females as they are selecting mates, leading to a high cost for choosiness and reduced female preference for m ...
... between streams in relation to predation intensity, and conspicuous coloration is greatly reduced in populations experiencing high predation risks11. High predation pressure can also act on females as they are selecting mates, leading to a high cost for choosiness and reduced female preference for m ...
CHAPTER 23
... phenotypes may survive, reproduce; alters population frequencies. • Fitness - key description of natural selection. ...
... phenotypes may survive, reproduce; alters population frequencies. • Fitness - key description of natural selection. ...
Chinchilla - The Maryland Zoo in Baltimore
... Species was once widespread but in 1996 only 42 discrete colonies could be found in the wild and the number of colonies and the general population size has been declining ...
... Species was once widespread but in 1996 only 42 discrete colonies could be found in the wild and the number of colonies and the general population size has been declining ...
paternity protection can provide a kickstart for the evolution of
... adjacent numbers are the range estimates. Only transitions with lower bound estimates greater than zero are shown. ...
... adjacent numbers are the range estimates. Only transitions with lower bound estimates greater than zero are shown. ...
12.2 - Demography
... As a whole every species has a lifespan, yet individual’s lifespan varies. Causes of death or factors could be; starvation, disease, predation, or the inability to find suitable habitat. A life table summarizes the demographic characteristics of a population of the organisms being study. A group of ...
... As a whole every species has a lifespan, yet individual’s lifespan varies. Causes of death or factors could be; starvation, disease, predation, or the inability to find suitable habitat. A life table summarizes the demographic characteristics of a population of the organisms being study. A group of ...
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute
... rubbing and other relatively nonforceful tactile components (chemical cues of sex or status are often present as well). The honesty of such threat displays should be maintained by escalated fights in which individuals that bluff RHP by displaying large but weak weapons suffer costly losses. Neverthe ...
... rubbing and other relatively nonforceful tactile components (chemical cues of sex or status are often present as well). The honesty of such threat displays should be maintained by escalated fights in which individuals that bluff RHP by displaying large but weak weapons suffer costly losses. Neverthe ...
... tissues (e.g., meristems and the influence on growth rate) is not yet completely understood. It has been suggested that amphipod host-choice is strongly influenced by seaweed chemical defense and its value as a refuge against predators. For example, some ampithoids use dictyotalean algae, which are ...
Evolution of life histories: fixing the theory
... other) herbivores by starvation, though it can also be a necessary response to energetic demands of reproduction. In this latter sense, it is a cost of reproduction. Having reproduced heavily in one year, the 'cost' is a very restricted reproduction in the following year. There are always a variety ...
... other) herbivores by starvation, though it can also be a necessary response to energetic demands of reproduction. In this latter sense, it is a cost of reproduction. Having reproduced heavily in one year, the 'cost' is a very restricted reproduction in the following year. There are always a variety ...
Theory and its correction
... other) herbivores by starvation, though it can also be a necessary response to energetic demands of reproduction. In this latter sense, it is a cost of reproduction. Having reproduced heavily in one year, the 'cost' is a very restricted reproduction in the following year. There are always a variety ...
... other) herbivores by starvation, though it can also be a necessary response to energetic demands of reproduction. In this latter sense, it is a cost of reproduction. Having reproduced heavily in one year, the 'cost' is a very restricted reproduction in the following year. There are always a variety ...
parental behavior in anguid lizards
... viviparous and judging from the extensive literature on this species, neonates liberate themselves from birth membranes and females do not exhibit parental behavior (e.g., Dely, 1981; Petzold, 1982; Somma, 2003). However, captive females in England “coiled with their young in a hollow on the day of ...
... viviparous and judging from the extensive literature on this species, neonates liberate themselves from birth membranes and females do not exhibit parental behavior (e.g., Dely, 1981; Petzold, 1982; Somma, 2003). However, captive females in England “coiled with their young in a hollow on the day of ...
Behavioral ecology
Behavioral ecology is the study of the evolutionary basis for animal behavior due to ecological pressures. Behavioral ecology emerged from ethology after Niko Tinbergen outlined four questions to address when studying animal behavior which are the proximate causes, ontogeny, survival value, and phylogeny of behavior.If an organism has a trait which provides them with a selective advantage (i.e. has an adaptive significance) in a new environment natural selection will likely favor it. This was originally proposed as the theory of natural selection by Charles Darwin. Adaptive significance therefore refers to the beneficial qualities, in terms of increased survival and reproduction, a trait conveys. Genetic differences in individuals lead to behavioral differences that in turn drive differences in adaptation, reproductive success, and ultimately evolution.Individuals are always in competition with others for limited resources, including food, territories, and mates. Conflict will occur between predators and prey, between rivals for mates, between siblings, mates, and even between parents and their offspring.