Exam II Notes DNA
... homologous chromosome, not two of each chromosome. (Why? Because if the egg has 23 chromosomes and the sperm has 23 chromosomes, then the fertilized egg will have 46 chromosomes, two of each number!) As mentioned above, meiosis begins with a doubling of the genetic material. Since the cell already h ...
... homologous chromosome, not two of each chromosome. (Why? Because if the egg has 23 chromosomes and the sperm has 23 chromosomes, then the fertilized egg will have 46 chromosomes, two of each number!) As mentioned above, meiosis begins with a doubling of the genetic material. Since the cell already h ...
Evolution
... mechanisms that maintain polymorphism and help to explain some kinds of genetic variability. There are several cases in which the heterozygote conveys certain advantages and some disadvantages while both versions of homozygotes are only at disadvantages. A well-established case of heterozygote advan ...
... mechanisms that maintain polymorphism and help to explain some kinds of genetic variability. There are several cases in which the heterozygote conveys certain advantages and some disadvantages while both versions of homozygotes are only at disadvantages. A well-established case of heterozygote advan ...
Academic Biology
... Describe some sex-linked disorders and explain why they are more common in males than in females o o o Male only receives sex-linked alleles from his_________________ o Male needs _____ copy of the sex-linked allele to exhibit the recessive trait o Female must inherit _________recessive alleles – on ...
... Describe some sex-linked disorders and explain why they are more common in males than in females o o o Male only receives sex-linked alleles from his_________________ o Male needs _____ copy of the sex-linked allele to exhibit the recessive trait o Female must inherit _________recessive alleles – on ...
Extensions and Exceptions to Mendel*s Laws
... Myoclonal Epilepsy and Ragged Red Fiber Disease: only affects child of affected mother, not affected father; blotchy red patches, deafness, seizures, brain function problems ...
... Myoclonal Epilepsy and Ragged Red Fiber Disease: only affects child of affected mother, not affected father; blotchy red patches, deafness, seizures, brain function problems ...
Measuring variation (sample size, mean, median, standard deviation, variance, standard... know the equations and how they are calculated Principles of Ecology
... Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium- How to calculate, violations and rules Know processes that change allele frequencies Other terms: genetic drift, directional selection, gene flow, mutation Estimating a population size Terms: immigration vs. emigration Mark-recapture method (pg. 53) Lincoln-Peterson Index ...
... Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium- How to calculate, violations and rules Know processes that change allele frequencies Other terms: genetic drift, directional selection, gene flow, mutation Estimating a population size Terms: immigration vs. emigration Mark-recapture method (pg. 53) Lincoln-Peterson Index ...
Leaving Cert Biology Notes - Genetics Definitions
... characters e.g. RW = pink in carnations Either member of a pair of alleles / can combine with / either member of another pair of alleles / in gamete formation Non-coding DNA ...
... characters e.g. RW = pink in carnations Either member of a pair of alleles / can combine with / either member of another pair of alleles / in gamete formation Non-coding DNA ...
Gene Mutations - Lyndhurst School
... Definition: The process of selecting organisms with desired traits to be the parents of the next generation This process has been used for hundreds of years Two Types: Inbreeding- crossing two individuals that have similar characteristics Hybridization- crossing two genetically different i ...
... Definition: The process of selecting organisms with desired traits to be the parents of the next generation This process has been used for hundreds of years Two Types: Inbreeding- crossing two individuals that have similar characteristics Hybridization- crossing two genetically different i ...
SBI 3U – Genetic Continuity
... 11. Suppose you have two rose plants, both with pink flowers. You cross the two plants and are surprised to find that, while most of the offspring are pink, some are red and some are white. You decide that you like the red flowers and would like to make more. What cross would you perform to produce ...
... 11. Suppose you have two rose plants, both with pink flowers. You cross the two plants and are surprised to find that, while most of the offspring are pink, some are red and some are white. You decide that you like the red flowers and would like to make more. What cross would you perform to produce ...
chapter14_Sections 5
... • Major changes in chromosome structure include duplications, deletions, inversions, and translocations • Major changes in chromosome structure have been evolutionarily important • More frequently, such changes tend to result in genetic disorders ...
... • Major changes in chromosome structure include duplications, deletions, inversions, and translocations • Major changes in chromosome structure have been evolutionarily important • More frequently, such changes tend to result in genetic disorders ...
Chapter 13 - Pierce Public Schools
... • When that cell divides, the new cells also will have the same mutation. • Affecting genes that control __. – Cells may grow and divide rapidly, producing __ ...
... • When that cell divides, the new cells also will have the same mutation. • Affecting genes that control __. – Cells may grow and divide rapidly, producing __ ...
chapter14_Sections 5-7
... • Major changes in chromosome structure include duplications, deletions, inversions, and translocations • Major changes in chromosome structure have been evolutionarily important • More frequently, such changes tend to result in genetic disorders ...
... • Major changes in chromosome structure include duplications, deletions, inversions, and translocations • Major changes in chromosome structure have been evolutionarily important • More frequently, such changes tend to result in genetic disorders ...
Mitosis Study Guide
... 12. -the difference between naked DNA, chromatin, and chromosomes. 13. -the definition of chromatid, centromere, and telomere. 14. - how to identify chromatids given an image of a replicated chromosome. 15. -how to identify the centromere and telomeres of a replicated chromosome. 16. -why cells that ...
... 12. -the difference between naked DNA, chromatin, and chromosomes. 13. -the definition of chromatid, centromere, and telomere. 14. - how to identify chromatids given an image of a replicated chromosome. 15. -how to identify the centromere and telomeres of a replicated chromosome. 16. -why cells that ...
ABO Blood Types
... Mendel’s Peas were ideal for learning about inheritance, but they do not represent the norm… • Traits in pea plants are determined by just two alleles • In peas, one allele is clearly dominant & the other is clearly recessive • However, things aren’t always this clearcut and simple in the world of g ...
... Mendel’s Peas were ideal for learning about inheritance, but they do not represent the norm… • Traits in pea plants are determined by just two alleles • In peas, one allele is clearly dominant & the other is clearly recessive • However, things aren’t always this clearcut and simple in the world of g ...
Chapter 15
... during meiosis • As a result, one gamete receives two of the same type of chromosome, and another gamete receives no copy ...
... during meiosis • As a result, one gamete receives two of the same type of chromosome, and another gamete receives no copy ...
Slide ()
... Effects of translocations. The first observed cancer-associated chromosomal abnormality was a reciprocal translocation between chromosomes 9 and 22, resulting in the so-called Philadelphia chromosome, identified in CML patients. The functional result of this genetic event is the creation of the BCR- ...
... Effects of translocations. The first observed cancer-associated chromosomal abnormality was a reciprocal translocation between chromosomes 9 and 22, resulting in the so-called Philadelphia chromosome, identified in CML patients. The functional result of this genetic event is the creation of the BCR- ...
Evolution Review
... o there is variation (differences) within populations o some variations are favorable [favorable variations improve an organism’s ability to function and reproduce in its own environment] o not all young produced in each generation can survive o individuals that survive and reproduce are those with ...
... o there is variation (differences) within populations o some variations are favorable [favorable variations improve an organism’s ability to function and reproduce in its own environment] o not all young produced in each generation can survive o individuals that survive and reproduce are those with ...
Chromosome Theory of Inheritance
... o Found that chromosomes in Fruit flies are the same except for one pair. o He called the dissimilar pair Sex chromosomes because he believed they determined the sex of the fly. o Found that certain traits such as eye colour in Fruit Flies are found on the X gene. This is what he called “sex-linkage ...
... o Found that chromosomes in Fruit flies are the same except for one pair. o He called the dissimilar pair Sex chromosomes because he believed they determined the sex of the fly. o Found that certain traits such as eye colour in Fruit Flies are found on the X gene. This is what he called “sex-linkage ...
Exam Review 2012-13
... Exam Review 2012-13 Your exam will be composed of types of questions that fit under the four assessment and evaluation categories: knowledge/understanding, communication, inquiry, and making connections. Practice each kind of question in your review. The exam covers material from the entire year. An ...
... Exam Review 2012-13 Your exam will be composed of types of questions that fit under the four assessment and evaluation categories: knowledge/understanding, communication, inquiry, and making connections. Practice each kind of question in your review. The exam covers material from the entire year. An ...
FINAL_FALL2005frmHw.doc
... are called __________; organisms that must obtain energy from molecules made by other organisms are called __________. a. herbivores, carnivores b. photosynthetic, herbivores c. heterotroph, autotroph d. autotroph, heterotroph ...
... are called __________; organisms that must obtain energy from molecules made by other organisms are called __________. a. herbivores, carnivores b. photosynthetic, herbivores c. heterotroph, autotroph d. autotroph, heterotroph ...
Genetics Reference Sheet
... the dominant trait & 25% of the offspring will express the recessive trait when there are two heterozygous parents. ...
... the dominant trait & 25% of the offspring will express the recessive trait when there are two heterozygous parents. ...
The Origin of Species
... • Speciation requires that two populations be isolated from gene flow between them and develop significant genetic divergence • There are two basic ways that this happens. ...
... • Speciation requires that two populations be isolated from gene flow between them and develop significant genetic divergence • There are two basic ways that this happens. ...
Polyploid
Polyploid cells and organisms are those containing more than two paired (homologous) sets of chromosomes. Most species whose cells have nuclei (Eukaryotes) are diploid, meaning they have two sets of chromosomes—one set inherited from each parent. However, polyploidy is found in some organisms and is especially common in plants. In addition, polyploidy occurs in some tissues of animals that are otherwise diploid, such as human muscle tissues. This is known as endopolyploidy. Species whose cells do not have nuclei, that is, Prokaryotes, may be polyploid organisms, as seen in the large bacterium Epulopicium fishelsoni [1]. Hence ploidy is defined with respect to a cell. Most eukaryotes have diploid somatic cells, but produce haploid gametes (eggs and sperm) by meiosis. A monoploid has only one set of chromosomes, and the term is usually only applied to cells or organisms that are normally diploid. Male bees and other Hymenoptera, for example, are monoploid. Unlike animals, plants and multicellular algae have life cycles with two alternating multicellular generations. The gametophyte generation is haploid, and produces gametes by mitosis, the sporophyte generation is diploid and produces spores by meiosis.Polyploidy refers to a numerical change in a whole set of chromosomes. Organisms in which a particular chromosome, or chromosome segment, is under- or overrepresented are said to be aneuploid (from the Greek words meaning ""not"", ""good"", and ""fold""). Therefore the distinction between aneuploidy and polyploidy is that aneuploidy refers to a numerical change in part of the chromosome set, whereas polyploidy refers to a numerical change in the whole set of chromosomes.Polyploidy may occur due to abnormal cell division, either during mitosis, or commonly during metaphase I in meiosis.Polyploidy occurs in some animals, such as goldfish, salmon, and salamanders, but is especially common among ferns and flowering plants (see Hibiscus rosa-sinensis), including both wild and cultivated species. Wheat, for example, after millennia of hybridization and modification by humans, has strains that are diploid (two sets of chromosomes), tetraploid (four sets of chromosomes) with the common name of durum or macaroni wheat, and hexaploid (six sets of chromosomes) with the common name of bread wheat. Many agriculturally important plants of the genus Brassica are also tetraploids.Polyploidy can be induced in plants and cell cultures by some chemicals: the best known is colchicine, which can result in chromosome doubling, though its use may have other less obvious consequences as well. Oryzalin will also double the existing chromosome content.