Phylogeny slides
... “Optimal” depends on multiple alignment scoring method No known (correct) efficient algorithms for this problem ...
... “Optimal” depends on multiple alignment scoring method No known (correct) efficient algorithms for this problem ...
Gene pool
... Genetic drift can be due to: a. bottleneck effect – dramatic decrease in alleles b/c of major disaster ex. Hunting in 1890’s reduced one elephant seal pop. to ~20 indiv. very little genetic variation 24 exact same proteins ...
... Genetic drift can be due to: a. bottleneck effect – dramatic decrease in alleles b/c of major disaster ex. Hunting in 1890’s reduced one elephant seal pop. to ~20 indiv. very little genetic variation 24 exact same proteins ...
No Slide Title
... The DNA sequence of the entire haploid set of chromosomes constitutes the genome of an organism (and, more broadly, species). The sequence of many genomes has been (many bacteria, yeast, C. elegans, Drosophila melanogaster, human) or is being (mouse, maize) determined. WHY do we want to determine ge ...
... The DNA sequence of the entire haploid set of chromosomes constitutes the genome of an organism (and, more broadly, species). The sequence of many genomes has been (many bacteria, yeast, C. elegans, Drosophila melanogaster, human) or is being (mouse, maize) determined. WHY do we want to determine ge ...
Biology
... 2. If a sperm containing 46 chromosomes fused with an egg containing 46 chromosomes, how many chromosomes would the resulting fertilized egg contain? Do you think this would create any problems in the developing embryo? 3. In order to produce a fertilized egg with the appropriate number of chromosom ...
... 2. If a sperm containing 46 chromosomes fused with an egg containing 46 chromosomes, how many chromosomes would the resulting fertilized egg contain? Do you think this would create any problems in the developing embryo? 3. In order to produce a fertilized egg with the appropriate number of chromosom ...
Lab
... Dragons are a curious type of creature. Amazingly, though, their genetics is very similar to that of humans. Hagrid, the Gamekeeper at Hogwarts, wishes to develop a herd of dragons for his Care of Magical Creatures class. Unfortunately, he only has two dragons as of now. The purpose of this activity ...
... Dragons are a curious type of creature. Amazingly, though, their genetics is very similar to that of humans. Hagrid, the Gamekeeper at Hogwarts, wishes to develop a herd of dragons for his Care of Magical Creatures class. Unfortunately, he only has two dragons as of now. The purpose of this activity ...
Common names - Warren Hills Regional School District
... really flies – they are beetles. Flies have one pair of wings, while other winged insects have two or four pairs of wings. When the name of an insect contains the word fly, such as dragonfly, or firefly, they are not flies.) ...
... really flies – they are beetles. Flies have one pair of wings, while other winged insects have two or four pairs of wings. When the name of an insect contains the word fly, such as dragonfly, or firefly, they are not flies.) ...
Genetics Test - WOHS Biology
... Meiosis, Section 10.2 pages p263-273 (Study Guide p277) Meiosis is the first step in genetics and important to understand where we get the gametes from. For example, when we make punnett squares, the Gg or GG or gg are the gametes from one individual. They separate to pass on only one to their off ...
... Meiosis, Section 10.2 pages p263-273 (Study Guide p277) Meiosis is the first step in genetics and important to understand where we get the gametes from. For example, when we make punnett squares, the Gg or GG or gg are the gametes from one individual. They separate to pass on only one to their off ...
PPT File - Holden R
... – Examples of external factors include light, temperature, infectious agents and nutrition • For example the artic fox has brown fur when it is warm and white fur when it is cold to help them blend in with their surroundings ...
... – Examples of external factors include light, temperature, infectious agents and nutrition • For example the artic fox has brown fur when it is warm and white fur when it is cold to help them blend in with their surroundings ...
Reproduction in Plants - Amazing World of Science with Mr. Green
... Part of the cell which contains chromosomes Structures in the nucleus that are made from a chemical called DNA A chemical that contains the code for the characteristics of an organism (e.g. what that organism will look like). The coded instructions contained in DNA which give the organism its inheri ...
... Part of the cell which contains chromosomes Structures in the nucleus that are made from a chemical called DNA A chemical that contains the code for the characteristics of an organism (e.g. what that organism will look like). The coded instructions contained in DNA which give the organism its inheri ...
Genome structure, analysis and evolufion Lecture 1
... Ø Op?mum ploidy level for corn is diploid as compared to tetraploid Ø Op?mum ploidy level of banana is triploid (Seedless) Ø Blackberry is insensi?ve to ploidy level ...
... Ø Op?mum ploidy level for corn is diploid as compared to tetraploid Ø Op?mum ploidy level of banana is triploid (Seedless) Ø Blackberry is insensi?ve to ploidy level ...
OCR GCSE (9-1) Gateway Science Biology A
... technically easy. This step-by-step guide is written for teachers who are not biologists. Mitosis is a process that produces two genetically identical copies of a cell. The two daughter cells are genetically identical to each other, and to the mother cell. Mitosis is used for growth, repair and asex ...
... technically easy. This step-by-step guide is written for teachers who are not biologists. Mitosis is a process that produces two genetically identical copies of a cell. The two daughter cells are genetically identical to each other, and to the mother cell. Mitosis is used for growth, repair and asex ...
18.11
... baker’s yeast closely related to brewer’s yeasts grows on rotting fruits Schizosaccharomyces pombe (fission yeast) African brewer’s yeast Saccharomyces relatives (S. bayanus, S. paradoxus, etc.) Candida albicans Cryptococcus neoformans ...
... baker’s yeast closely related to brewer’s yeasts grows on rotting fruits Schizosaccharomyces pombe (fission yeast) African brewer’s yeast Saccharomyces relatives (S. bayanus, S. paradoxus, etc.) Candida albicans Cryptococcus neoformans ...
linked genes
... contradiction of Mendel’s law of Independent Assortment, would it not?!) As a matter of fact – some genes are linked in this manner. William Bateson was the famous scientist who “rediscovered” Mendel, who invented the term “Genetics” and was the first to recognize that some genes are linked. Numerou ...
... contradiction of Mendel’s law of Independent Assortment, would it not?!) As a matter of fact – some genes are linked in this manner. William Bateson was the famous scientist who “rediscovered” Mendel, who invented the term “Genetics” and was the first to recognize that some genes are linked. Numerou ...
BIOLOGY STUDY GUIDE Science Observation Data Inference
... • Atoms of the same element that differ in the number of neutrons they contain. • The Isotopes have different atomic mass due to different number of neutrons. Thus they have slightly different properties ...
... • Atoms of the same element that differ in the number of neutrons they contain. • The Isotopes have different atomic mass due to different number of neutrons. Thus they have slightly different properties ...
Genetic cause
... Mutations increasing the risk of clotting = thrombophilic mutations Factor V Leiden R506Q mutation – in the gene for coagulation factor V. It is manifested in homozygotes and heterozygotes = nature of AD mutations ...
... Mutations increasing the risk of clotting = thrombophilic mutations Factor V Leiden R506Q mutation – in the gene for coagulation factor V. It is manifested in homozygotes and heterozygotes = nature of AD mutations ...
Name
... A heterozygous individual for a recessive trait- passes on the gene and doesn't show a phenotype (3) Define cyclin. family of proteins that vary in their amount according to the cell cycle and regulate it's progress (3) Define karyotype. ordered array of metaphase chromosomes (3) Define polyploid. m ...
... A heterozygous individual for a recessive trait- passes on the gene and doesn't show a phenotype (3) Define cyclin. family of proteins that vary in their amount according to the cell cycle and regulate it's progress (3) Define karyotype. ordered array of metaphase chromosomes (3) Define polyploid. m ...
Identification of a Substituted Chromosome Pair in a Triticum
... had 20" and 2 1• The association between the homologous chromosomes appeared to be strong since most of the time they formed closed bivalents (chiasmata in both arms) (Fig. I-A). The separation of the chromosomes at anaphase I also appeared to be normal (Fig. I-E). Micronuclei both at the dyad and t ...
... had 20" and 2 1• The association between the homologous chromosomes appeared to be strong since most of the time they formed closed bivalents (chiasmata in both arms) (Fig. I-A). The separation of the chromosomes at anaphase I also appeared to be normal (Fig. I-E). Micronuclei both at the dyad and t ...
Genetics - Humble ISD
... monosaccharides into starch and form smooth seeds when they dry. Mendel’s Law of Heredity (#2) • Law of Independent Assortment o Each pair of alleles — for each trait — segregates into gametes independently = independent assortment. o 4 classes of gametes — YR, Yr, yR, yr — are produced in equal amo ...
... monosaccharides into starch and form smooth seeds when they dry. Mendel’s Law of Heredity (#2) • Law of Independent Assortment o Each pair of alleles — for each trait — segregates into gametes independently = independent assortment. o 4 classes of gametes — YR, Yr, yR, yr — are produced in equal amo ...
Chromosomal Theory of Inheritance brief notes
... 3. The number of genes in a cell is far greater than the number of chromosomes so it stands to reason that each chromosome must carry many genes. These genes would tend to be inherited together and are called linked genes. a. Linkage—Genes located on the same chromosome are inherited together and DO ...
... 3. The number of genes in a cell is far greater than the number of chromosomes so it stands to reason that each chromosome must carry many genes. These genes would tend to be inherited together and are called linked genes. a. Linkage—Genes located on the same chromosome are inherited together and DO ...
Genetics
... genetic condition e.g. cystic fibrosis or a chromosomal disease e.g. Down’s syndrome. •If there is a family history of inherited disorders e.g. Haemophilia •If either partner belongs to an ethnic group in which a genetic disorder occur frequently e.g. Sickle cell disease is common mainly in people w ...
... genetic condition e.g. cystic fibrosis or a chromosomal disease e.g. Down’s syndrome. •If there is a family history of inherited disorders e.g. Haemophilia •If either partner belongs to an ethnic group in which a genetic disorder occur frequently e.g. Sickle cell disease is common mainly in people w ...
BIOLOGY 210 FALL 2004
... Course goals and requirements: This course is designed for students to gain a fundamental understanding of human genetics. Genetics is the study of inherited traits and their variation. We will explore all aspects of genetics, including DNA, genes, chromosomes, and genomes. We will examine genetics ...
... Course goals and requirements: This course is designed for students to gain a fundamental understanding of human genetics. Genetics is the study of inherited traits and their variation. We will explore all aspects of genetics, including DNA, genes, chromosomes, and genomes. We will examine genetics ...
Cell Division and Intro to Genetics
... Plant cells: - The formation of a cell plate occurs. - The cell plate is a collection of sacks of cellulose that collect in the center of the cell. -The cell plate eventually matures into a cell wall. ...
... Plant cells: - The formation of a cell plate occurs. - The cell plate is a collection of sacks of cellulose that collect in the center of the cell. -The cell plate eventually matures into a cell wall. ...
Biology Student Review Sheet
... The theory of evolution was stated by ____________________and is based on ____________________ selection ...
... The theory of evolution was stated by ____________________and is based on ____________________ selection ...
5. Genetics
... When two loci are known to be carried on the same chromosome and to be within measurable distance of each other they are said to be linked. The nearer their loci are together the closer the linkage. Two alleles whose loci are closely linked may travel together through many generations without being ...
... When two loci are known to be carried on the same chromosome and to be within measurable distance of each other they are said to be linked. The nearer their loci are together the closer the linkage. Two alleles whose loci are closely linked may travel together through many generations without being ...
Jobling, M.A. - University of Leicester
... The majority of Y-linked gene mutations are not recognised at all in family studies, because their effect is not heritable: it is infertility. Through evolution, the Y chromosome has collected many genes with malespecific functions that are expressed in the testis and essential for spermatogenesis. ...
... The majority of Y-linked gene mutations are not recognised at all in family studies, because their effect is not heritable: it is infertility. Through evolution, the Y chromosome has collected many genes with malespecific functions that are expressed in the testis and essential for spermatogenesis. ...
Polyploid
Polyploid cells and organisms are those containing more than two paired (homologous) sets of chromosomes. Most species whose cells have nuclei (Eukaryotes) are diploid, meaning they have two sets of chromosomes—one set inherited from each parent. However, polyploidy is found in some organisms and is especially common in plants. In addition, polyploidy occurs in some tissues of animals that are otherwise diploid, such as human muscle tissues. This is known as endopolyploidy. Species whose cells do not have nuclei, that is, Prokaryotes, may be polyploid organisms, as seen in the large bacterium Epulopicium fishelsoni [1]. Hence ploidy is defined with respect to a cell. Most eukaryotes have diploid somatic cells, but produce haploid gametes (eggs and sperm) by meiosis. A monoploid has only one set of chromosomes, and the term is usually only applied to cells or organisms that are normally diploid. Male bees and other Hymenoptera, for example, are monoploid. Unlike animals, plants and multicellular algae have life cycles with two alternating multicellular generations. The gametophyte generation is haploid, and produces gametes by mitosis, the sporophyte generation is diploid and produces spores by meiosis.Polyploidy refers to a numerical change in a whole set of chromosomes. Organisms in which a particular chromosome, or chromosome segment, is under- or overrepresented are said to be aneuploid (from the Greek words meaning ""not"", ""good"", and ""fold""). Therefore the distinction between aneuploidy and polyploidy is that aneuploidy refers to a numerical change in part of the chromosome set, whereas polyploidy refers to a numerical change in the whole set of chromosomes.Polyploidy may occur due to abnormal cell division, either during mitosis, or commonly during metaphase I in meiosis.Polyploidy occurs in some animals, such as goldfish, salmon, and salamanders, but is especially common among ferns and flowering plants (see Hibiscus rosa-sinensis), including both wild and cultivated species. Wheat, for example, after millennia of hybridization and modification by humans, has strains that are diploid (two sets of chromosomes), tetraploid (four sets of chromosomes) with the common name of durum or macaroni wheat, and hexaploid (six sets of chromosomes) with the common name of bread wheat. Many agriculturally important plants of the genus Brassica are also tetraploids.Polyploidy can be induced in plants and cell cultures by some chemicals: the best known is colchicine, which can result in chromosome doubling, though its use may have other less obvious consequences as well. Oryzalin will also double the existing chromosome content.