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GaN for LDMOS Users
GaN for LDMOS Users

Transient Circuit Analysis Applications and SPICE
Transient Circuit Analysis Applications and SPICE

... unit pulses transmitted from vp. A pulse with amplitude -1 V is a binary 0 and a 1 V pulse is a binary 1. The receiver has an infinite input impedance and is connected at vr. Find R0 to make the system critically damped. For the critically damped case using a detector that requires the voltage to be ...
Noise Analysis of Multi input Quasi Floating Gate Using
Noise Analysis of Multi input Quasi Floating Gate Using

MAX541/MAX542 +5V, Serial-Input, Voltage-Output, 16-Bit DACs General Description Features
MAX541/MAX542 +5V, Serial-Input, Voltage-Output, 16-Bit DACs General Description Features

... between REFF and AGNDF (MAX542), or REF and AGND (MAX541), provides high-frequency bypassing. A surface-mount ceramic chip capacitor is preferred because it has the lowest inductance. An additional 10µF between REFF and AGNDF (MAX542), or REF and AGND (MAX541), provides low-frequency bypassing. A lo ...
Series-Parallel Circuits
Series-Parallel Circuits

AA21156163
AA21156163

Chapter06
Chapter06

... important to know which components are in series with one another and which components are in parallel.  Series components must be in one current path without any branch points.  To find particular values for this type of circuit,  Reduce and combine the components using the rules for individual ...
POWER FACTOR TESTING WHAT IS IT ?
POWER FACTOR TESTING WHAT IS IT ?

Microwave Power Combiners
Microwave Power Combiners

... Benefits of Push-Pull Amplifier •Gets rid of even harmonics can be used for very wide bandwidths (more than x2) in situations where filtering cannot be done •Push pull leads to more uniform current draw from supply, so grounding source is not a big problem ...
5. Power supplies requirements
5. Power supplies requirements

... Table 3: Specifications of the high voltage pulsed power supply Particular attention must be made to minimize the pulse voltage ripple and to provide the best pulse to pulse stability. These two parameters will be optimized for the nominal operating value of the klystron. The voltage rise times and ...
TG0018A - CE Niehoff Co.
TG0018A - CE Niehoff Co.

... amps will be high. This is a normal condition for the charging system. The measured values of system volts and amps will depend on the level of battery discharge. In other words, the greater the battery discharge level, the lower the system volts and higher the system amps will be. The volt and amp ...
THS4504 THS4505
THS4504 THS4505

... cause permanent damage. Exposure to absolute maximum conditions for extended periods may degrade device reliability. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those specified is not implied. The maximum junction temperature for cont ...
ADP2102 - Analog Devices
ADP2102 - Analog Devices

... that converts a 2.7 V to 5.5 V unregulated input voltage to a lower regulated output voltage with up to 95% efficiency and 1% accuracy. The low duty cycle capability of the ADP2102 is ideal for USB applications or 5 V systems that power up submicron subvolt processor cores. Its 3 MHz typical operati ...
Low-Drift, Low-Power, Dual-Output, VREF and VREF / 2 Voltage
Low-Drift, Low-Power, Dual-Output, VREF and VREF / 2 Voltage

... The materials used in the manufacture of the REF20xx have differing coefficients of thermal expansion, resulting in stress on the device die when the part is heated. Mechanical and thermal stress on the device die can cause the output voltages to shift, degrading the initial accuracy specifications ...
BD45241G
BD45241G

... a voltage drop of I1×R2 (input resistor) will occur in the circuit causing the VDD supply voltage to decrease. When the VDD voltage drops below the detection voltage, the output will switch from “High” to “Low”. While the output voltage is at “Low” condition, in-rush current will stop flowing and th ...
ES1888 Audio Drive Product Brief
ES1888 Audio Drive Product Brief

... Auxiliary inputs left and right. AUXA_L, AUXA_R have internal pullup resistors to CMR. Normally intended for connection to an internal or external CD-ROM analog output. ...
7 Transistor Biasing and Thermal Stabilization
7 Transistor Biasing and Thermal Stabilization

3.3-V Clock Phase-Locked Loop Clock Driver
3.3-V Clock Phase-Locked Loop Clock Driver

... percent, independent of duty cycle at CLKIN. The device automatically goes in power-down mode when no input signal is applied to CLKIN. Unlike many products containing PLLs, the CDCVF2505 does not require an external RC network. The loop filter for the PLLs is included on-chip, minimizing component ...
For our other three free eBooks, Go to: 1
For our other three free eBooks, Go to: 1

TPS777/8xx: Fast-Transient-Response 750
TPS777/8xx: Fast-Transient-Response 750

... (1) IN voltage equals VO(typ) − 100 mV; TPS77x01 output voltage set to 3.3 V nominal with external resistor divider. TPS77x15, TPS77x18, and TPS77x25 dropout voltage limited by input voltage range limitations (i.e., TPS77x33 input voltage needs to drop to 3.2 V for purpose of this ...
RT7275/76 - Richtek Technology
RT7275/76 - Richtek Technology

DM32711716
DM32711716

MAX9613 Evaluation Kit Evaluates: General Description Features
MAX9613 Evaluation Kit Evaluates: General Description Features

... 1) Verify that jumpers JU1 and JU2 are in their default positions, as shown in Table 1. 2) Connect the positive terminal of the +5V supply to the VDD test point and the negative terminal to the GND test point closest to VDD. 3) Connect the positive terminal of the precision voltage source to the ...
BD99010EFV-M
BD99010EFV-M

... startup when the soft start works, the COMP voltage is limited to the soft start voltage. Moreover, the external resistor and capacitor are required to COMP pin as phase compensation circuit. ...
Gigabit Ethernet – IEEE 802
Gigabit Ethernet – IEEE 802

... signal interference caused by noise. Once we have all these parts, we will then proceed to build our own opto-electronic transmitter. Finally, the board will be tested by comparing it to an IEEE eye-diagram in order to indicate if the system has an acceptable signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). ...
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Resistive opto-isolator



Resistive opto-isolator (RO), also called photoresistive opto-isolator, vactrol (after a genericized trademark introduced by Vactec, Inc. in the 1960s), analog opto-isolator or lamp-coupled photocell, is an optoelectronic device consisting of a source and detector of light, which are optically coupled and electrically isolated from each other. The light source is usually a light-emitting diode (LED), a miniature incandescent lamp, or sometimes a neon lamp, whereas the detector is a semiconductor-based photoresistor made of cadmium selenide (CdSe) or cadmium sulfide (CdS). The source and detector are coupled through a transparent glue or through the air.Electrically, RO is a resistance controlled by the current flowing through the light source. In the dark state, the resistance typically exceeds a few MOhm; when illuminated, it decreases as the inverse of the light intensity. In contrast to the photodiode and phototransistor, the photoresistor can operate in both the AC and DC circuits and have a voltage of several hundred volts across it. The harmonic distortions of the output current by the RO are typically within 0.1% at voltages below 0.5 V.RO is the first and the slowest opto-isolator: its switching time exceeds 1 ms, and for the lamp-based models can reach hundreds of milliseconds. Parasitic capacitance limits the frequency range of the photoresistor by ultrasonic frequencies. Cadmium-based photoresistors exhibit a ""memory effect"": their resistance depends on the illumination history; it also drifts during the illumination and stabilizes within hours, or even weeks for high-sensitivity models. Heating induces irreversible degradation of ROs, whereas cooling to below −25 °C dramatically increases the response time. Therefore, ROs were mostly replaced in the 1970s by the faster and more stable photodiodes and photoresistors. ROs are still used in some sound equipment, guitar amplifiers and analog synthesizers owing to their good electrical isolation, low signal distortion and ease of circuit design.
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