The Economic Growth of Small States and Small Economies in
... similarities in their socio-economic and political evolution, their performance as measured by changes in average GDP per capita in the twenty-year period showed that the smaller islands have achieved better results than the larger ones. In doing so, the key was building the institutional infrastru ...
... similarities in their socio-economic and political evolution, their performance as measured by changes in average GDP per capita in the twenty-year period showed that the smaller islands have achieved better results than the larger ones. In doing so, the key was building the institutional infrastru ...
innovation in catching-up countries in the eu
... “Set of institutions, policies and factors that determine the level of productivity of a country which in turn set the sustainable level of prosperity in future” ...
... “Set of institutions, policies and factors that determine the level of productivity of a country which in turn set the sustainable level of prosperity in future” ...
PolicyAnalysis E The Dead Hand of Socialism State Ownership in the Arab World
... different segments of their economies, as well as its evolution over time. It also discusses the existing international evidence about the comparative performance of state-owned enterprises (SOEs). With some exceptions, which are mostly of theoretical interest, private ownership systematically outpe ...
... different segments of their economies, as well as its evolution over time. It also discusses the existing international evidence about the comparative performance of state-owned enterprises (SOEs). With some exceptions, which are mostly of theoretical interest, private ownership systematically outpe ...
Out of the Shadows: Measuring Informal Economic Activity
... Significance level: *** 1 percent ** 5 percent * 10 percent Notes: Absolute z-statistics are in parentheses. All variables are used as their standardized deviations from mean. According to the MIMIC models identification rule, one indicator has to be fixed to an a prior value; we have consistently chos ...
... Significance level: *** 1 percent ** 5 percent * 10 percent Notes: Absolute z-statistics are in parentheses. All variables are used as their standardized deviations from mean. According to the MIMIC models identification rule, one indicator has to be fixed to an a prior value; we have consistently chos ...
The Long View How will the global economic order change
... Businesses need to adopt flexible, dynamic and patient strategies to navigate these rapidly evolving and maturing emerging markets Emerging market development will create many opportunities for business. These will arise as these economies progress into new industries, engage with world markets and ...
... Businesses need to adopt flexible, dynamic and patient strategies to navigate these rapidly evolving and maturing emerging markets Emerging market development will create many opportunities for business. These will arise as these economies progress into new industries, engage with world markets and ...
economic disruption, malthusian fertility, and economic growth
... Other countries that struggled through the Great Depression in the 1930s or that have undergone transition to market economy in the 1990s experienced similar problems. While the data may be subject to measurement error, there can be little doubt that radical changes in income produce different effec ...
... Other countries that struggled through the Great Depression in the 1930s or that have undergone transition to market economy in the 1990s experienced similar problems. While the data may be subject to measurement error, there can be little doubt that radical changes in income produce different effec ...
Transf-recess
... costly period, when the old centrally planned economy (CPE) is not working already, while the new market one is not working yet. - “One cannot cross the abyss in two jumps” • Fast liberalization ensures irreversibility of reforms ...
... costly period, when the old centrally planned economy (CPE) is not working already, while the new market one is not working yet. - “One cannot cross the abyss in two jumps” • Fast liberalization ensures irreversibility of reforms ...
S028580_en.pdf
... is highly misleading and can lead us in the wrong direction both in terms of diagnosis and of policy design and formulation. Productivity growth has not been fast enough, nor has the restructuring of the pattern of production specialization involved high value added activities, for the countries in ...
... is highly misleading and can lead us in the wrong direction both in terms of diagnosis and of policy design and formulation. Productivity growth has not been fast enough, nor has the restructuring of the pattern of production specialization involved high value added activities, for the countries in ...
The evolution of economic convergence in the
... Malta on 1 May 2004 marks a significant event in the enlargement process of the European Union (EU). Soon thereafter Bulgaria and Romania joined the EU on 1 January 2007, raising the number of former Communist Bloc countries among EU members to ten. Following successful transformation of their polit ...
... Malta on 1 May 2004 marks a significant event in the enlargement process of the European Union (EU). Soon thereafter Bulgaria and Romania joined the EU on 1 January 2007, raising the number of former Communist Bloc countries among EU members to ten. Following successful transformation of their polit ...
Growth, Productivity, and Income - Peterson Institute for International
... the economic performance of the Arab nations in terms of their income in purchasing power units relative to that of the advanced industrial countries of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) and then analyze the change in absolute living standards over time within the Ara ...
... the economic performance of the Arab nations in terms of their income in purchasing power units relative to that of the advanced industrial countries of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) and then analyze the change in absolute living standards over time within the Ara ...
Competition Policy in Small Distant Open Economies
... competition law and regulation, but others—for example, market structure and firm performance—are much less so, being moulded to a degree by these legal constraints as well as by the country’s given features. Thus various economy characteristics will variously reflect and determine its market struct ...
... competition law and regulation, but others—for example, market structure and firm performance—are much less so, being moulded to a degree by these legal constraints as well as by the country’s given features. Thus various economy characteristics will variously reflect and determine its market struct ...
Modeling the Transition to a New Economy
... That particular transition to a new economy is viewed by many as paradigmatic of what happens after any major and sustained increase in the pace of technical change. The transition has three main features: a productivity paradox, a surprisingly long delay between the increase in the pace of technica ...
... That particular transition to a new economy is viewed by many as paradigmatic of what happens after any major and sustained increase in the pace of technical change. The transition has three main features: a productivity paradox, a surprisingly long delay between the increase in the pace of technica ...
growthfin_slides_AFA - Duke University`s Fuqua School of
... What we know as a result of our research: • We show the mechanism. Both: » increased investment, partially through a cost of capital effect and » increased productivity (which is different from the financial development literature) ...
... What we know as a result of our research: • We show the mechanism. Both: » increased investment, partially through a cost of capital effect and » increased productivity (which is different from the financial development literature) ...
Answer FIVE questions in total. This paper carries a total of 100
... Staff line a wide aisle, cheering. Blue balloons bob in anticipation. Then the doors open and throngs of women rush in, clutching shopping bags to gather up their bounty - dresses, jumpers, shoes and other treasure. The scene, captured in a video of a store opening in France last year, is common for ...
... Staff line a wide aisle, cheering. Blue balloons bob in anticipation. Then the doors open and throngs of women rush in, clutching shopping bags to gather up their bounty - dresses, jumpers, shoes and other treasure. The scene, captured in a video of a store opening in France last year, is common for ...
Press ECON of Northeastern University
... 2010). This algorithm can be extended to product-based, priority-matching rule used allow each house to have multiple manag- in the Stanford market for managers preers (Roth & Sotomayor, 1990). 2010. Similar to Stanford, Birmingham broke ties in favor of consultants. NewThe exquisite work of Alvin R ...
... 2010). This algorithm can be extended to product-based, priority-matching rule used allow each house to have multiple manag- in the Stanford market for managers preers (Roth & Sotomayor, 1990). 2010. Similar to Stanford, Birmingham broke ties in favor of consultants. NewThe exquisite work of Alvin R ...
Determinacy and Indeterminacy of Equilibrium
... equilibria generically. The detailed result is established by Geanakoplos and Mas-Colell (1989). These three cases, and the generic properties of solution sets that follow, are collected below. Theorem 2 Let f : Rm × Rk → Rn be a C function, where > max{m − n, 0}, and suppose 0 is a regular valu ...
... equilibria generically. The detailed result is established by Geanakoplos and Mas-Colell (1989). These three cases, and the generic properties of solution sets that follow, are collected below. Theorem 2 Let f : Rm × Rk → Rn be a C function, where > max{m − n, 0}, and suppose 0 is a regular valu ...
World trade interdependencies: a New ... perspective
... the role of demand in China, Japan, the US, and the euro area. We show how higher demand in one economy affects production in another economy both directly, through its higher demand for final products, and indirectly, via its higher demand for intermediate products and its impact on production and ...
... the role of demand in China, Japan, the US, and the euro area. We show how higher demand in one economy affects production in another economy both directly, through its higher demand for final products, and indirectly, via its higher demand for intermediate products and its impact on production and ...
The Global Competitiveness Index 2013–2014: Country Profile
... the labor force (90th overall, the fifth lowest ratio among the member states of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, or OECD). Burdensome regulation, notably for business creation; high taxation; various trade barriers (111th); and a relative isolation, resulting in low forei ...
... the labor force (90th overall, the fifth lowest ratio among the member states of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, or OECD). Burdensome regulation, notably for business creation; high taxation; various trade barriers (111th); and a relative isolation, resulting in low forei ...
The Reality of Economic Growth: History and Prospect
... was not just a burst of inventions. It was an economic transformation that revolutionized the process of invention as well. Since 1850 the pace of invention and innovation has further accelerated: steel making, the internal combustion engine, pasteurization, the typewriter, the cash register, the te ...
... was not just a burst of inventions. It was an economic transformation that revolutionized the process of invention as well. Since 1850 the pace of invention and innovation has further accelerated: steel making, the internal combustion engine, pasteurization, the typewriter, the cash register, the te ...
By how much did socialist economies underperform? A cross
... of low-productivity labour from agriculture to manufacturing and services.7 Kaldor specifically argued that the growth of national income was led by industrial expansion which, in turn, relied on increasing industrial employment. Industrial investment enjoyed increasing returns to scale, and thus l ...
... of low-productivity labour from agriculture to manufacturing and services.7 Kaldor specifically argued that the growth of national income was led by industrial expansion which, in turn, relied on increasing industrial employment. Industrial investment enjoyed increasing returns to scale, and thus l ...
Sample pages 2 PDF
... currently experiencing a sustained phase of above-average economic growth (Enderwick 2007; Goldstein 2007; Sauvant et al. 2008); nevertheless, there is hardly any universally accepted definition of what constitutes an “emerging” country or market. Moreover in case of China and India it is rather the ...
... currently experiencing a sustained phase of above-average economic growth (Enderwick 2007; Goldstein 2007; Sauvant et al. 2008); nevertheless, there is hardly any universally accepted definition of what constitutes an “emerging” country or market. Moreover in case of China and India it is rather the ...
PDF
... political liberalisation in most former communist countries, total aid to ETs increased significantly in 1991. However, after relative stability experienced between 1992 and 1995, year 1996 marked a sharp decline in net funding, a trend which continued during 1997 (see figure 1). ...
... political liberalisation in most former communist countries, total aid to ETs increased significantly in 1991. However, after relative stability experienced between 1992 and 1995, year 1996 marked a sharp decline in net funding, a trend which continued during 1997 (see figure 1). ...
2 CRISIS AND REBOUND: THE DIFFERENTIATED IMPACTS, POLICY RESPONSES AND OUTLOOK
... rapid growth in China (8.7%) and India (7.2%). However, if those two powerhouses are excluded, growth of developing economies in the rest of the region contracted to 0.6%, much the same as in the rest of the world. The synchronized impact of the global crisis is shown in figure 30. Comparison of cri ...
... rapid growth in China (8.7%) and India (7.2%). However, if those two powerhouses are excluded, growth of developing economies in the rest of the region contracted to 0.6%, much the same as in the rest of the world. The synchronized impact of the global crisis is shown in figure 30. Comparison of cri ...
FISCAL MULTIPLIER: IMF AND EC/ECFIN OPINIONS
... more than an assessment regarding the size of short-term fiscal multipliers. Thus, our results should not be construed as arguing for any specific fiscal policy stance in any specific country. In particular, the results do not imply that fiscal consolidation is undesirable. Virtually all advanced ec ...
... more than an assessment regarding the size of short-term fiscal multipliers. Thus, our results should not be construed as arguing for any specific fiscal policy stance in any specific country. In particular, the results do not imply that fiscal consolidation is undesirable. Virtually all advanced ec ...
The Euro Experience: A Review of the Euro Crisis, Policy Issues
... the Euro, in 1999. A notorious exception was the United Kingdom, which decided to stay out of the Euro zone and kept the Sterling regime. In recent years, the EU has faced acute economic problems, somewhat linked or at least coincident with those of the United States after the Lehman collapse. The s ...
... the Euro, in 1999. A notorious exception was the United Kingdom, which decided to stay out of the Euro zone and kept the Sterling regime. In recent years, the EU has faced acute economic problems, somewhat linked or at least coincident with those of the United States after the Lehman collapse. The s ...