Saving Transitions - Faculty Support Site
... a year. Assuming that all domestic saving translates into domestic investment and that the long-run incremental capital-output ratio is around 5, virtually all of the gap in growth between these two groups of countries can be attributed to the difference in their saving performance. Such comparisons ...
... a year. Assuming that all domestic saving translates into domestic investment and that the long-run incremental capital-output ratio is around 5, virtually all of the gap in growth between these two groups of countries can be attributed to the difference in their saving performance. Such comparisons ...
research paper series Fiscal Incentives, European Integration and
... will vary across sectors and across countries. Some of the former non-tariff barriers, notably customs controls, would have affected trade, but not market entry by means of direct investment. Others, such as technical requirements and lack of competition in public procurement would affect both (pote ...
... will vary across sectors and across countries. Some of the former non-tariff barriers, notably customs controls, would have affected trade, but not market entry by means of direct investment. Others, such as technical requirements and lack of competition in public procurement would affect both (pote ...
Global franchising in emerging and transitioning economies
... years. Figures vary, but it is estimated that U.S. franchising generates $800 billion worth of business in gross sales and represents 40 percent of the retail trade (Swartz, 2001). While in the US, Canada and parts of Western Europe franchising has reached domestic market saturation, emerging market ...
... years. Figures vary, but it is estimated that U.S. franchising generates $800 billion worth of business in gross sales and represents 40 percent of the retail trade (Swartz, 2001). While in the US, Canada and parts of Western Europe franchising has reached domestic market saturation, emerging market ...
WORD - unece
... boosted economic growth in the latter. In western Europe, GDP is expected to increase on average by 3.4 per cent this year and to slow down slightly to about 3 per cent in 2001 as a result of tighter monetary policy, the rise in oil prices and weaker economic growth in the United States. In the latt ...
... boosted economic growth in the latter. In western Europe, GDP is expected to increase on average by 3.4 per cent this year and to slow down slightly to about 3 per cent in 2001 as a result of tighter monetary policy, the rise in oil prices and weaker economic growth in the United States. In the latt ...
Capital Flows to Emerging Market Economies
... Capital flows arise through the transfer of ownership of assets from one country to another. When analyzing capital flows, we care about who buys an asset and who sells it. If a foreign investor (a non-resident) buys an emerging market asset, we refer to this as a capital inflow in our terminology. ...
... Capital flows arise through the transfer of ownership of assets from one country to another. When analyzing capital flows, we care about who buys an asset and who sells it. If a foreign investor (a non-resident) buys an emerging market asset, we refer to this as a capital inflow in our terminology. ...
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... that only the total number of farms in each size category is available from which the net change (typically net exit) can be determined by comparing the number of farms at time t with that of t+ 1. To circumvent the problem created by a lack of micro-level data, aggregate share data are sometimes us ...
... that only the total number of farms in each size category is available from which the net change (typically net exit) can be determined by comparing the number of farms at time t with that of t+ 1. To circumvent the problem created by a lack of micro-level data, aggregate share data are sometimes us ...
gi-ivaschenko 221436 en
... significantly understate the real level of unemployment. This is not to say that many people are registered employed while not getting paid. Unemployment is likely to affect mostly those in the lower percentile of income distribution. Milanovic (1998) indicates that unemployment increased most among ...
... significantly understate the real level of unemployment. This is not to say that many people are registered employed while not getting paid. Unemployment is likely to affect mostly those in the lower percentile of income distribution. Milanovic (1998) indicates that unemployment increased most among ...
Privatisation Methods and Economic Growth in Transition Economies
... revenue will have a positive impact on growth. However, a large proportion of public investment is financed in other ways, particularly by highly distortionary taxation. Also, the transition economies’ investment performance during the communist era exhibited extreme inefficiency. Hence, we expect a ...
... revenue will have a positive impact on growth. However, a large proportion of public investment is financed in other ways, particularly by highly distortionary taxation. Also, the transition economies’ investment performance during the communist era exhibited extreme inefficiency. Hence, we expect a ...
Shadow Economies All over the World
... Schneider (2009), the subject is still quite controversial as there are disagreements about the definition of shadow economy activities, estimation procedures utilized, and the use of their estimates in economic and policy analysis.6 Nevertheless, there are some indications that the shadow economy h ...
... Schneider (2009), the subject is still quite controversial as there are disagreements about the definition of shadow economy activities, estimation procedures utilized, and the use of their estimates in economic and policy analysis.6 Nevertheless, there are some indications that the shadow economy h ...
Shadow Economies All over the World
... Schneider (2009), the subject is still quite controversial as there are disagreements about the definition of shadow economy activities, estimation procedures utilized, and the use of their estimates in economic and policy analysis.6 Nevertheless, there are some indications that the shadow economy h ...
... Schneider (2009), the subject is still quite controversial as there are disagreements about the definition of shadow economy activities, estimation procedures utilized, and the use of their estimates in economic and policy analysis.6 Nevertheless, there are some indications that the shadow economy h ...
Shadow Economies all over the World: New Estimates for 162
... of GDP, which includes all government current expenditures for purchases of goods and services; positive sign expected), (4) Fiscal freedom, which is a subconent of the Heritage Foundation’s economic freedom index, which measures the fiscal burden in an economy; i.e. top tax rates on individual and ...
... of GDP, which includes all government current expenditures for purchases of goods and services; positive sign expected), (4) Fiscal freedom, which is a subconent of the Heritage Foundation’s economic freedom index, which measures the fiscal burden in an economy; i.e. top tax rates on individual and ...
Final Remarks
... private investment will not be forthcoming at an adequate rate. Secondly, there may be no physical resources to produce more investment goods. Thirdly, even if the two difficulties are overcome, there is still the problem of adequate supply of necessities to cover the demand resulting from the incr ...
... private investment will not be forthcoming at an adequate rate. Secondly, there may be no physical resources to produce more investment goods. Thirdly, even if the two difficulties are overcome, there is still the problem of adequate supply of necessities to cover the demand resulting from the incr ...
Growth Effects of 1992 - Graduate Institute of International and
... fraction s). This assumption enormously simplifies the exposition without fundamentally altering the conclusions. However, since the assumption disobeys a standing order in modern macro theory -'if it moves, maximize it'- an optimizing model is sketched in Appendix A. This constant investment rate ...
... fraction s). This assumption enormously simplifies the exposition without fundamentally altering the conclusions. However, since the assumption disobeys a standing order in modern macro theory -'if it moves, maximize it'- an optimizing model is sketched in Appendix A. This constant investment rate ...
Determinants of Foreign Direct Investment in Transition Economies
... It is widely accepted that foreign direct investment (FDI) is one of the main sources of capital inflow and driving factors of economic growth in many countries. FDI helps to improve trade, creates employment opportunities, aids in transfer of technology and knowledge in the host countries. Therefor ...
... It is widely accepted that foreign direct investment (FDI) is one of the main sources of capital inflow and driving factors of economic growth in many countries. FDI helps to improve trade, creates employment opportunities, aids in transfer of technology and knowledge in the host countries. Therefor ...
Exploring the Causes and Effects of Revenue Decentralization
... that outside the United States and Europe, few countries have the local governance institutions necessary to ensure responsiveness and efficiency at the local level. It is argued that in the absence of appropriate institutions and accountability mechanisms, the encouragement of greater local governm ...
... that outside the United States and Europe, few countries have the local governance institutions necessary to ensure responsiveness and efficiency at the local level. It is argued that in the absence of appropriate institutions and accountability mechanisms, the encouragement of greater local governm ...
The Determinants and Excessiveness of Current Account
... high and even growing current account deficits of the last decade. In this respect, the problem of external imbalances is particularly important for the Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries which joined the EU in May 2004 and have already expressed their desire to adopt the euro as soon as p ...
... high and even growing current account deficits of the last decade. In this respect, the problem of external imbalances is particularly important for the Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries which joined the EU in May 2004 and have already expressed their desire to adopt the euro as soon as p ...
April 2017 World Economic Outlook, Chapter 1: Global
... securing the recovery, as stressed in previous WEOs. On the domestic front, policies should support demand and balance sheet repair where necessary and feasible; boost productivity through structural reforms, well-targeted infrastructure spending, and other supply-friendly fiscal policy measures; an ...
... securing the recovery, as stressed in previous WEOs. On the domestic front, policies should support demand and balance sheet repair where necessary and feasible; boost productivity through structural reforms, well-targeted infrastructure spending, and other supply-friendly fiscal policy measures; an ...
The Global Competitiveness Index 2012–2013: Strengthening Recovery
... rules on foreign direct investment (FDI)—limiting foreign ownership—as well as on international trade. The recent economic crisis has highlighted the degree of interdependence of economies worldwide and the degree to which growth depends on open markets. Protectionist measures are counterproductive ...
... rules on foreign direct investment (FDI)—limiting foreign ownership—as well as on international trade. The recent economic crisis has highlighted the degree of interdependence of economies worldwide and the degree to which growth depends on open markets. Protectionist measures are counterproductive ...
Surprising Similarities: Recent Monetary Regimes of Small Economies Andrew K. Rose
... well-defined monetary regimes widely used by small economies around the world. The two regimes are also quite different, potentially providing a sharp contrast. The question I raise is, Did one monetary regime provide more insulation from the crisis than the other? The Great Recession associated wit ...
... well-defined monetary regimes widely used by small economies around the world. The two regimes are also quite different, potentially providing a sharp contrast. The question I raise is, Did one monetary regime provide more insulation from the crisis than the other? The Great Recession associated wit ...
THE PROPOSED ECO: SHOULD WEST AFRICA
... and Masson and Pattillo (2005). First, it is unlikely that the French Treasury’s guarantee of convertibility of WAEMU’s currency (the CFA franc) to the euro at a fixed parity would continue for a monetary union of the expected size. Second, with politically dependent central banks, there is an incen ...
... and Masson and Pattillo (2005). First, it is unlikely that the French Treasury’s guarantee of convertibility of WAEMU’s currency (the CFA franc) to the euro at a fixed parity would continue for a monetary union of the expected size. Second, with politically dependent central banks, there is an incen ...
Latin American Export Structure and the US Growth Spillover Effect
... region’s average annual real GDP growth rate in 2009 (-1.8 percent). 2 In comparison to other regional groups of developing countries, selected using the World Development Indicators (WDI), only developing economies in Europe and Central Asia witnessed a more severe GDP contraction in the same year ...
... region’s average annual real GDP growth rate in 2009 (-1.8 percent). 2 In comparison to other regional groups of developing countries, selected using the World Development Indicators (WDI), only developing economies in Europe and Central Asia witnessed a more severe GDP contraction in the same year ...
Shared prosperity in emerging economies - Friedrich-Ebert
... 3.2 Development of Prosperity and Growth in Emerging Economies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 3.3 Development of Inequality in Emerging Economies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 3.4 Prosperity and Inequality: A Global Perspective . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...
... 3.2 Development of Prosperity and Growth in Emerging Economies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 3.3 Development of Inequality in Emerging Economies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 3.4 Prosperity and Inequality: A Global Perspective . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...
The Changing Dynamics of the Global Business Cycle
... a vigorous debate about the quality of pre-war GDP data and the nature of pre-war cycles; see Balke and Gordon (1989); Diebold and Rudebusch (1992); and Romer (1989) for a detailed discussion. See Romer and Romer (2002) and DeLong (1997) for a discussion of U.S. monetary policy during the 1970s. Br ...
... a vigorous debate about the quality of pre-war GDP data and the nature of pre-war cycles; see Balke and Gordon (1989); Diebold and Rudebusch (1992); and Romer (1989) for a detailed discussion. See Romer and Romer (2002) and DeLong (1997) for a discussion of U.S. monetary policy during the 1970s. Br ...
2016 Global Economic Outlook, October
... tendency to shift away from closer international integration, in terms of trade, capital flows and migration; and the outcome of elections in the United States as well as a number of European countries, including Germany and France, and their potential impact on trade and other policy stances. Uncer ...
... tendency to shift away from closer international integration, in terms of trade, capital flows and migration; and the outcome of elections in the United States as well as a number of European countries, including Germany and France, and their potential impact on trade and other policy stances. Uncer ...
The East Asian Miracle: Four Lessons for Development Policy
... the successful Asian economies have been better than others at providing a stable macroeconomic environment and a reliable legal framework to promote domestic and international competition. They also stress that the orientation of the HPAEs toward international trade and the absence of price control ...
... the successful Asian economies have been better than others at providing a stable macroeconomic environment and a reliable legal framework to promote domestic and international competition. They also stress that the orientation of the HPAEs toward international trade and the absence of price control ...