Suspension Across Domains - Jonathan Bobaljik
... Wurmbrand (to appear) adopts a cyclic spell-out model according to which completed cycles (phases) are subject to transfer followed by (LF and PF) Spell-Out of the complement of the phase head. Since, per common assumption, a spelled-out domain is inaccessible for further syntactic operations (such ...
... Wurmbrand (to appear) adopts a cyclic spell-out model according to which completed cycles (phases) are subject to transfer followed by (LF and PF) Spell-Out of the complement of the phase head. Since, per common assumption, a spelled-out domain is inaccessible for further syntactic operations (such ...
The Case of Old English HRĒOW
... continuity between processes that arise in instances like drinca ‘drinker’, where the -a ending is both derivational (agentive) and inflectional (nominative, masculine, singular). The methodology of discrete categories and one-to-one contrasts adopted by structuralism requires that drinca be the pro ...
... continuity between processes that arise in instances like drinca ‘drinker’, where the -a ending is both derivational (agentive) and inflectional (nominative, masculine, singular). The methodology of discrete categories and one-to-one contrasts adopted by structuralism requires that drinca be the pro ...
Linguistic Fundamentals for Natural Language Processing
... Parts of speech . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 #47 Parts of speech can be defined distributionally (in terms of morphology and syntax). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...
... Parts of speech . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 #47 Parts of speech can be defined distributionally (in terms of morphology and syntax). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...
The Syntax of Valuation in Auxiliary–participle
... head are also present on the projection of that head, AuxP can value an unvalued feature of a verb it ccommands.2 This is, I argue, exactly what happens in (6a). The relevant part of the derivation is given in (8). (8a) represents the underlying (semantic) structure of the verbal elements present in ...
... head are also present on the projection of that head, AuxP can value an unvalued feature of a verb it ccommands.2 This is, I argue, exactly what happens in (6a). The relevant part of the derivation is given in (8). (8a) represents the underlying (semantic) structure of the verbal elements present in ...
HIERARCHIES AND COMPETING GENERALIZATIONS IN SERBO
... therefore to be neuter plural. As for the semantic features, they are assumed to be needed in W&Z for explaining the facts of pronominal coreference: a personal pronoun in the nominative form referring back to braća can be either ona or oni (see ex. (7a)), since a pronoun agrees with its antecedent ...
... therefore to be neuter plural. As for the semantic features, they are assumed to be needed in W&Z for explaining the facts of pronominal coreference: a personal pronoun in the nominative form referring back to braća can be either ona or oni (see ex. (7a)), since a pronoun agrees with its antecedent ...
Inalienable Possession and Locative Aspect
... b. EUe lui a ferme [PRO; les (*beaux) yeux] d'un baiser The difference between French and English with respect to IP would be reduced to a difference in the status of the definite article: the definite determiner in English is always [+R], whereas it is [±R] in French. In previous work, I proposed t ...
... b. EUe lui a ferme [PRO; les (*beaux) yeux] d'un baiser The difference between French and English with respect to IP would be reduced to a difference in the status of the definite article: the definite determiner in English is always [+R], whereas it is [±R] in French. In previous work, I proposed t ...
Emergent Functional Grammar for Space
... Two approaches have been discussed for the emergence of grammar in the literature: a syntax-oriented and a semantics-oriented approach. Syntax-directed approaches are in line with theories of language processing that favor exemplar-based inventories (Daelemans & Van den Bosch, 2005) and with usage-b ...
... Two approaches have been discussed for the emergence of grammar in the literature: a syntax-oriented and a semantics-oriented approach. Syntax-directed approaches are in line with theories of language processing that favor exemplar-based inventories (Daelemans & Van den Bosch, 2005) and with usage-b ...
1. Linguistic processing
... semantic relations in lexis are predicate words, i.e. lexemes representing predicates. The main place here is occupied by verbs that have, as a rule, the central position in the semantic structure of the sentence and that decisively influence noun phrases and sentences. Detection of relations is bas ...
... semantic relations in lexis are predicate words, i.e. lexemes representing predicates. The main place here is occupied by verbs that have, as a rule, the central position in the semantic structure of the sentence and that decisively influence noun phrases and sentences. Detection of relations is bas ...
On the Linguistic Notion of Transitivity:
... An old friend of mine once told me that there was a student in her class, who had persistently asked her about English grammar in greater detail than was covered in coursework. The student‟s questions were often so meticulous that she occasionally found herself incapable of providing acceptable expl ...
... An old friend of mine once told me that there was a student in her class, who had persistently asked her about English grammar in greater detail than was covered in coursework. The student‟s questions were often so meticulous that she occasionally found herself incapable of providing acceptable expl ...
Clitics in Word Grammar
... This analysis is firmly embedded in the ‘Word and Paradigm’ tradition of morphology in which the internal structure of words is independent of their syntactic relationships. In relation to this tradition, the only theoretical point which is at all controversial is the hierarchy of different-sized ‘f ...
... This analysis is firmly embedded in the ‘Word and Paradigm’ tradition of morphology in which the internal structure of words is independent of their syntactic relationships. In relation to this tradition, the only theoretical point which is at all controversial is the hierarchy of different-sized ‘f ...
What is Syntax? - Columbia University
... particular): approach in which a linguistic theory enumerates all possible strings/structures in a language (=competence) • Chomskyan theories do not really use formal devices – they use CFG + informally defined transformations ...
... particular): approach in which a linguistic theory enumerates all possible strings/structures in a language (=competence) • Chomskyan theories do not really use formal devices – they use CFG + informally defined transformations ...
Word-class-changing inflection and morphological theory
... European languages, so I prefer to use the term masdar (originating in the Arabic linguistic tradition) for such inflectional verbal nouns. In the Lezgian example (2b), the masdar is the head of the equivalent of a complement clause. In (2c) we see the Turkish suffix -ki, which turns an adverb into ...
... European languages, so I prefer to use the term masdar (originating in the Arabic linguistic tradition) for such inflectional verbal nouns. In the Lezgian example (2b), the masdar is the head of the equivalent of a complement clause. In (2c) we see the Turkish suffix -ki, which turns an adverb into ...
A Study for Disambiguation of Japanese Compound Verbs
... Based on this background, we propose a method employing rules which utilize semantic features and syntactic information to clarify the semantic constraints for disambiguation of JCVs. In this paper, we take two steps in order to construct a disambiguation method. The first step is to identify the me ...
... Based on this background, we propose a method employing rules which utilize semantic features and syntactic information to clarify the semantic constraints for disambiguation of JCVs. In this paper, we take two steps in order to construct a disambiguation method. The first step is to identify the me ...
A Comparative Study of the Globally Ambiguous
... human languages have attracted the attention of language researchers, who study the GP sentences from the perspective of grammar [1, 2], semantics [3, 4], pragmatics [5, 6], psychology, information processing[7, 8, 9, 10], and so on. The present paper, on the basis of cognitive linguistics and with ...
... human languages have attracted the attention of language researchers, who study the GP sentences from the perspective of grammar [1, 2], semantics [3, 4], pragmatics [5, 6], psychology, information processing[7, 8, 9, 10], and so on. The present paper, on the basis of cognitive linguistics and with ...
Missing arguments in earlier English clause structures
... someone/something'. Jespersen regards the OVS sentence as the original impersonal construction. In this case, 'impersonal' means that the subject, although it is present, is not a human being and it does not mean that the construction is subjectless. Briefly, the object of the impersonal verb which ...
... someone/something'. Jespersen regards the OVS sentence as the original impersonal construction. In this case, 'impersonal' means that the subject, although it is present, is not a human being and it does not mean that the construction is subjectless. Briefly, the object of the impersonal verb which ...
What is Syntax?
... particular): approach in which a linguistic theory enumerates all possible strings/structures in a language (=competence) • Chomskyan theories do not really use formal devices – they use CFG + informally defined transformations ...
... particular): approach in which a linguistic theory enumerates all possible strings/structures in a language (=competence) • Chomskyan theories do not really use formal devices – they use CFG + informally defined transformations ...
Full proceedings volume - Institute of Formal and Applied Linguistics
... concern that linguistic issues (as a part of the computational linguistics agenda) should be made more visible at future COLINGs. We share the feeling of these colleagues that it is time to enhance the linguistic dimension in the CL spectrum, as well as to strengthen the focus on explanatory rather ...
... concern that linguistic issues (as a part of the computational linguistics agenda) should be made more visible at future COLINGs. We share the feeling of these colleagues that it is time to enhance the linguistic dimension in the CL spectrum, as well as to strengthen the focus on explanatory rather ...
Corpus linguistics and English reference grammars
... is intended to provide the grammar of a specific variety of English (which is used internationally and considered as world standard English). On the other hand, the object of inquiry of CGEL is the so-called ‘common core’, which ‘is present in all the varieties so that, however esoteric a variety ma ...
... is intended to provide the grammar of a specific variety of English (which is used internationally and considered as world standard English). On the other hand, the object of inquiry of CGEL is the so-called ‘common core’, which ‘is present in all the varieties so that, however esoteric a variety ma ...
Clitics in Word Grammar
... units. Instead I shall use the rather vague word 'FORM' as a technical term for all units at this level of analysis, with Morpheme as one particular manifestation. Other types of form include the form of the entire word, complete with inflections ('WORD FORM'), and possibly other forms such as the i ...
... units. Instead I shall use the rather vague word 'FORM' as a technical term for all units at this level of analysis, with Morpheme as one particular manifestation. Other types of form include the form of the entire word, complete with inflections ('WORD FORM'), and possibly other forms such as the i ...
- MIT Press Journals
... must now supply the ingredients of a morphosyntactic calculus. This leads to a theory in which semantic composition parallels morphosyntactic combination by virtue of bound morphemes’ being able to pick their domains just like words (above X0 , if needed). A comparison of English and Turkish in this ...
... must now supply the ingredients of a morphosyntactic calculus. This leads to a theory in which semantic composition parallels morphosyntactic combination by virtue of bound morphemes’ being able to pick their domains just like words (above X0 , if needed). A comparison of English and Turkish in this ...
separable complex verbs in Dutch
... raised. In other words, I propose to assign the structure [P V]v. to SCV's, where P stands for Particle. The separability of SCV's can also be observed in the way they form their past participles. In Dutch, past participles are formed by prefixing ge- and simultaneously suffixing t/d to the verbal s ...
... raised. In other words, I propose to assign the structure [P V]v. to SCV's, where P stands for Particle. The separability of SCV's can also be observed in the way they form their past participles. In Dutch, past participles are formed by prefixing ge- and simultaneously suffixing t/d to the verbal s ...
Abstract - Res per nomen
... This kind of opposition appears to be a standard approach in lexicology and semantics. Unfortunately, the restrictions posited by Cowie and Nesselhauf turn out to be false when we submit them to corpus analysis. If we consult the BNC, we discover at least one counterexample: Rocco apparently perform ...
... This kind of opposition appears to be a standard approach in lexicology and semantics. Unfortunately, the restrictions posited by Cowie and Nesselhauf turn out to be false when we submit them to corpus analysis. If we consult the BNC, we discover at least one counterexample: Rocco apparently perform ...
Chapter 3
... diversity in clause linkage constructions is too broad to fit into the traditional binary opposition between coordination and subordination. Therefore, defining the notion of subordination in morphosyntactic terms leads to exclusion of data from languages that lack certain structural features, which ...
... diversity in clause linkage constructions is too broad to fit into the traditional binary opposition between coordination and subordination. Therefore, defining the notion of subordination in morphosyntactic terms leads to exclusion of data from languages that lack certain structural features, which ...
A Large-Scale Japanese CFG Derived from a Syntactically
... in the corpus) to avoid such problems, this is not enough, as the rules that occur more than once may also increase ambiguity. Since the sentences of a normal, syntactically annotated corpus have “semantically correct” structure, the derived grammar creates many parse results, representing a differ ...
... in the corpus) to avoid such problems, this is not enough, as the rules that occur more than once may also increase ambiguity. Since the sentences of a normal, syntactically annotated corpus have “semantically correct” structure, the derived grammar creates many parse results, representing a differ ...
Context-Free Grammars (CFGs) Parsing: Assigning Structure to
... Wh-elements can also occur in subordinate clauses: (17) a. I asked who the man saw . b. I asked who the man considered to be a fool . c. I asked who Hobbs gave the book to . d. I asked who you thought saw Hobbs. ...
... Wh-elements can also occur in subordinate clauses: (17) a. I asked who the man saw . b. I asked who the man considered to be a fool . c. I asked who Hobbs gave the book to . d. I asked who you thought saw Hobbs. ...
Dependency grammar
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Dependency grammar (DG) is a class of modern syntactic theories that are all based on the dependency relation (as opposed to the constituency relation) and that can be traced back primarily to the work of Lucien Tesnière. Dependency is the notion that linguistic units, e.g. words, are connected to each other by directed links. The (finite) verb is taken to be the structural center of clause structure. All other syntactic units (words) are either directly or indirectly connected to the verb in terms of the directed links, which are called dependencies. DGs are distinct from phrase structure grammars (constituency grammars), since DGs lack phrasal nodes - although they acknowledge phrases. Structure is determined by the relation between a word (a head) and its dependents. Dependency structures are flatter than constituency structures in part because they lack a finite verb phrase constituent, and they are thus well suited for the analysis of languages with free word order, such as Czech, Turkish, and Warlpiri.