Microsyntax
... Active valency slots are well fit for solving the problem of slot filling. First of all, this fact manifests itself in that each valence slot has its own set of surface realizations. If a word has several valency slots, their means of realization, as a rule, clearly contrast. Different semantic acta ...
... Active valency slots are well fit for solving the problem of slot filling. First of all, this fact manifests itself in that each valence slot has its own set of surface realizations. If a word has several valency slots, their means of realization, as a rule, clearly contrast. Different semantic acta ...
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... in principle unbounded, both linearly and in terms of hierarchical structure (Ross 1967, McElree et al. 2003). Second, the dependency is nonetheless sensitive to structural constraints, such as island constraint ...
... in principle unbounded, both linearly and in terms of hierarchical structure (Ross 1967, McElree et al. 2003). Second, the dependency is nonetheless sensitive to structural constraints, such as island constraint ...
Domain Independent Sentence Generation from RDF
... must be fully and explicitly represented using “tree”structures and descriptive constraints are often attached to the structures to provide control information. The advantage of using tree-like notations as inputs is that rich linguistic information and control information in the input enable NLG sy ...
... must be fully and explicitly represented using “tree”structures and descriptive constraints are often attached to the structures to provide control information. The advantage of using tree-like notations as inputs is that rich linguistic information and control information in the input enable NLG sy ...
The pronominal clitic of quantified noun phrases in Slovenian
... 0. Introduction. Prosodicaly, clitics are like affixes. They are phonologically weak elements and need a host. In Romance languages, the host is typically a finite verb, hence their descriptive term "verbal" clitics. Slovenian clitics, on the other hand, belong to the "second position" (2P) or "Wack ...
... 0. Introduction. Prosodicaly, clitics are like affixes. They are phonologically weak elements and need a host. In Romance languages, the host is typically a finite verb, hence their descriptive term "verbal" clitics. Slovenian clitics, on the other hand, belong to the "second position" (2P) or "Wack ...
Spanish Clitics, Events and Opposition Structure
... presented with se. In Sect. 7.1.1 we discuss the sense approaches to se and their shortcomings. In Sect. 7.1.2 we briefly present the features of Spanish clitics. In Sect. 7.3 we present data that show the occurrence of the clitic se in a paradigmatic variation. These data question the different sen ...
... presented with se. In Sect. 7.1.1 we discuss the sense approaches to se and their shortcomings. In Sect. 7.1.2 we briefly present the features of Spanish clitics. In Sect. 7.3 we present data that show the occurrence of the clitic se in a paradigmatic variation. These data question the different sen ...
this PDF file - Journal of Language Modelling
... computational grammar and parser for Wolof. The grammar is implemented in the linguistic framework of Lexical Functional Grammar (LFG) (Kaplan and Bresnan 1982) using the Xerox Linguistic Environment (XLE) (Crouch et al. 2013). 2 In LFG, traditional analyses focus on two levels of syntactic represen ...
... computational grammar and parser for Wolof. The grammar is implemented in the linguistic framework of Lexical Functional Grammar (LFG) (Kaplan and Bresnan 1982) using the Xerox Linguistic Environment (XLE) (Crouch et al. 2013). 2 In LFG, traditional analyses focus on two levels of syntactic represen ...
University of Groningen Data-driven identification of fixed
... at identifying the irregularities observed in fixed expressions. We mainly study the lexical, semantic and syntactic properties of these expressions that distinguish them from regular and productive phrases. The goal of the characterization is mainly descriptive, namely to identify features of fixed ...
... at identifying the irregularities observed in fixed expressions. We mainly study the lexical, semantic and syntactic properties of these expressions that distinguish them from regular and productive phrases. The goal of the characterization is mainly descriptive, namely to identify features of fixed ...
PALAVRAS
... This dissertation is a Janus work, both practical and theoretical at the same time, one face mirroring and complementing the other. After all, a major point was simply showing that “it could be done” - that a Constraint Grammar for a Romance langugage would work just as well as for English. As a pra ...
... This dissertation is a Janus work, both practical and theoretical at the same time, one face mirroring and complementing the other. After all, a major point was simply showing that “it could be done” - that a Constraint Grammar for a Romance langugage would work just as well as for English. As a pra ...
Photos The typology of clause linkage: status quo, challenges
... clear correlations between the semantic properties of predicates taking clausal arguments, and structural properties of the complements, formulating the Binding Hierarchy as a result of his findings (cf. also Noonan 2007 for a cross-linguistic survey of clausal complementation). In a similar vein, K ...
... clear correlations between the semantic properties of predicates taking clausal arguments, and structural properties of the complements, formulating the Binding Hierarchy as a result of his findings (cf. also Noonan 2007 for a cross-linguistic survey of clausal complementation). In a similar vein, K ...
Applying the Constraint Grammar Parser of English to the Helsinki
... Grammar theory of Fred Karlsson (Karlsson 1990, 1995), who also wrote the first version of the parser-interpreter in LISP. Timo Järvinen has since developed the ENGCG syntactic rules, and Pasi Tapanainen has developed a fast new implementation of the parsing program in C. ENGCG is presently availabl ...
... Grammar theory of Fred Karlsson (Karlsson 1990, 1995), who also wrote the first version of the parser-interpreter in LISP. Timo Järvinen has since developed the ENGCG syntactic rules, and Pasi Tapanainen has developed a fast new implementation of the parsing program in C. ENGCG is presently availabl ...
the definition of the grammatical category in a syntactically oriented
... characteristics of these elements, and we will argue that syntax can explain them. Our proposal is that relational adjectives are actually nominal projections that lack the formal features that they need to play the role of arguments of a predicate; the adjectival morpheme has the function of provi ...
... characteristics of these elements, and we will argue that syntax can explain them. Our proposal is that relational adjectives are actually nominal projections that lack the formal features that they need to play the role of arguments of a predicate; the adjectival morpheme has the function of provi ...
Extraction with deep anaphora?
... 1. The issue Since Hankamer and Sag (1976), anaphora is classified in two basic types: syntactically atomic deep anaphora and fully articulated surface anaphora containing syntactic structure. The two types are predicted to show differences in extraction possibilities, which has become a standard di ...
... 1. The issue Since Hankamer and Sag (1976), anaphora is classified in two basic types: syntactically atomic deep anaphora and fully articulated surface anaphora containing syntactic structure. The two types are predicted to show differences in extraction possibilities, which has become a standard di ...
A Lexical Theory of Phrasal Idioms
... CAT egory, VALence, and MRKG (marking). CAT values are feature structures, assigned to various word-class types, that specify values for appropriate features, including Lexical Identity (LID), whose value is a list of frames. 7 The value of the ARG - ST feature is a list of the arguments – syntactic ...
... CAT egory, VALence, and MRKG (marking). CAT values are feature structures, assigned to various word-class types, that specify values for appropriate features, including Lexical Identity (LID), whose value is a list of frames. 7 The value of the ARG - ST feature is a list of the arguments – syntactic ...
Amalgam: A machine-learned generation module
... (Halliday 1985) and Rhetorical Structure Theory (Mann and Thompson 1988) in the case of PENMAN, Tree-Adjoining Grammar (Joshi 1987) in the case of SPOKESMAN. Despite their diverse theoretical underpinnings, Reiter draws attention to the fact that a consensus appeared to have emerged concerning the a ...
... (Halliday 1985) and Rhetorical Structure Theory (Mann and Thompson 1988) in the case of PENMAN, Tree-Adjoining Grammar (Joshi 1987) in the case of SPOKESMAN. Despite their diverse theoretical underpinnings, Reiter draws attention to the fact that a consensus appeared to have emerged concerning the a ...
Irish Dependency Treebanking and Parsing Teresa Lynn
... 4.10 Dependency structure for cleft construction (prepositional fronting). . 70 4.11 Dependency structure for cleft construction with copula drop. . . . . 70 4.12 Dependency structure for copula complementiser form. . . . . . . . . 71 4.13 Dependency structure for copular-subordinator. . . . . . . . ...
... 4.10 Dependency structure for cleft construction (prepositional fronting). . 70 4.11 Dependency structure for cleft construction with copula drop. . . . . 70 4.12 Dependency structure for copula complementiser form. . . . . . . . . 71 4.13 Dependency structure for copular-subordinator. . . . . . . . ...
Automatic Detection of Conceptual Time Metaphors - BORA
... e concept of time has been thoroughly studied in various disciplines over a long period of time. One of the first solars who taled this topic was the Latin philosopher St. Augustine who concluded with the famous quote: “id ergo est tempus? Si nemo ex me quaret, scio. Si quaerenti explicare velim, ...
... e concept of time has been thoroughly studied in various disciplines over a long period of time. One of the first solars who taled this topic was the Latin philosopher St. Augustine who concluded with the famous quote: “id ergo est tempus? Si nemo ex me quaret, scio. Si quaerenti explicare velim, ...
Chapter 7: Linking syntax and semantics in complex sentences
... linking algorithms proposed in Chapter 5 for simple sentences must be modified to deal with complex sentences. Most complex sentences pose no particular difficulties for the linking system we developed in Chapter 5. Clausal junctures, for example, are composed of clauses, each of which links like an ...
... linking algorithms proposed in Chapter 5 for simple sentences must be modified to deal with complex sentences. Most complex sentences pose no particular difficulties for the linking system we developed in Chapter 5. Clausal junctures, for example, are composed of clauses, each of which links like an ...
Chapter 18: Gene Pathway Text Mining and Visualization
... Balanced approaches utilize more equal amounts of syntax and semantic processing. Syntax processing takes place first, often resulting in an ambiguous parse. More than 100 parses can be generated for a single sentence (Novichkova, 2003). Semantic analysis is then applied to eliminate the incorrect s ...
... Balanced approaches utilize more equal amounts of syntax and semantic processing. Syntax processing takes place first, often resulting in an ambiguous parse. More than 100 parses can be generated for a single sentence (Novichkova, 2003). Semantic analysis is then applied to eliminate the incorrect s ...
ENG421 - National Open University of Nigeria
... ENG 421 is a one semester three credit units 400 level course. It is designed for students whose major discipline is English. The course consists of eighteen units that present the new trends in syntactic explorations within the generative thinking. The material has been developed with local example ...
... ENG 421 is a one semester three credit units 400 level course. It is designed for students whose major discipline is English. The course consists of eighteen units that present the new trends in syntactic explorations within the generative thinking. The material has been developed with local example ...
Topicalisation and Left-Dislocation in European Portuguese Robert
... Topicalisation (TOP) and clitic left-dislocation (CLLD) are syntactic strategies in which some constituent occurs sentence-initially rather than in canonical position further to the right. European Portuguese is exceptional among Romance languages, as both TOP and CLLD can be used to place verbal ar ...
... Topicalisation (TOP) and clitic left-dislocation (CLLD) are syntactic strategies in which some constituent occurs sentence-initially rather than in canonical position further to the right. European Portuguese is exceptional among Romance languages, as both TOP and CLLD can be used to place verbal ar ...
9. Morphological Typology
... little as English or even Vietnamese (1.5 morphemes per word and barely above 1.0 respectively), such languages equally recognise a distinction between words and morphemes. Turkish, Latin, and English all have two distinct levels of constructions, morphological and syntactic, with morphemes and word ...
... little as English or even Vietnamese (1.5 morphemes per word and barely above 1.0 respectively), such languages equally recognise a distinction between words and morphemes. Turkish, Latin, and English all have two distinct levels of constructions, morphological and syntactic, with morphemes and word ...
the EMNLP 2011 paper - ReVerb
... The syntactic constraint requires the relation phrase to match the POS tag pattern shown in Figure 1. The pattern limits relation phrases to be either a verb (e.g., invented), a verb followed immediately by a preposition (e.g., located in), or a verb followed by nouns, adjectives, or adverbs ending ...
... The syntactic constraint requires the relation phrase to match the POS tag pattern shown in Figure 1. The pattern limits relation phrases to be either a verb (e.g., invented), a verb followed immediately by a preposition (e.g., located in), or a verb followed by nouns, adjectives, or adverbs ending ...
Identifying Relations for Open Information Extraction
... The syntactic constraint requires the relation phrase to match the POS tag pattern shown in Figure 1. The pattern limits relation phrases to be either a verb (e.g., invented), a verb followed immediately by a preposition (e.g., located in), or a verb followed by nouns, adjectives, or adverbs ending ...
... The syntactic constraint requires the relation phrase to match the POS tag pattern shown in Figure 1. The pattern limits relation phrases to be either a verb (e.g., invented), a verb followed immediately by a preposition (e.g., located in), or a verb followed by nouns, adjectives, or adverbs ending ...
Syntactic Relations - Cornell University
... exists because it is a near optimal solution to the problem of relating certain “longdistance” properties of SEM to the fundamental morphophonological properties of PHON. I then show how the agreement relation combines with the more fundamental relations discussed in Chapter 2 to characterize correc ...
... exists because it is a near optimal solution to the problem of relating certain “longdistance” properties of SEM to the fundamental morphophonological properties of PHON. I then show how the agreement relation combines with the more fundamental relations discussed in Chapter 2 to characterize correc ...
Chapter 19: Lexical-Functional Grammar
... checking do not. By contrast, P&P/Minimalism is able to derive word order differences between languages from feature checking and movement. Minimalism thus provides a slightly more explanatory theory of word order than LFG, which uses language-specific phrase structure rules. It is not at all clear ...
... checking do not. By contrast, P&P/Minimalism is able to derive word order differences between languages from feature checking and movement. Minimalism thus provides a slightly more explanatory theory of word order than LFG, which uses language-specific phrase structure rules. It is not at all clear ...
Dependency grammar
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Dependency grammar (DG) is a class of modern syntactic theories that are all based on the dependency relation (as opposed to the constituency relation) and that can be traced back primarily to the work of Lucien Tesnière. Dependency is the notion that linguistic units, e.g. words, are connected to each other by directed links. The (finite) verb is taken to be the structural center of clause structure. All other syntactic units (words) are either directly or indirectly connected to the verb in terms of the directed links, which are called dependencies. DGs are distinct from phrase structure grammars (constituency grammars), since DGs lack phrasal nodes - although they acknowledge phrases. Structure is determined by the relation between a word (a head) and its dependents. Dependency structures are flatter than constituency structures in part because they lack a finite verb phrase constituent, and they are thus well suited for the analysis of languages with free word order, such as Czech, Turkish, and Warlpiri.