Novel visual stimuli activate a population of neurons
... HCl (H), 0.001 M QHCl (Q) and 0.1 M monosodium glutamate (M). The concentrations of most of the tastants were chosen because of their comparability with our previous studies, and because they are in a sensitive part of the dose–response curve. The monkey’s mouth was rinsed with distilled water durin ...
... HCl (H), 0.001 M QHCl (Q) and 0.1 M monosodium glutamate (M). The concentrations of most of the tastants were chosen because of their comparability with our previous studies, and because they are in a sensitive part of the dose–response curve. The monkey’s mouth was rinsed with distilled water durin ...
Visual detection deficits following inactivation of the superior colliculus in the cat
... et al., 1982; Overton & Dean, 1988; Lomber et al., 2001). Unfortunately, the interpretation of these studies is limited because of one or more of the following considerations: (1) Most of these experiments used permanent ablation of the SC rather than reversible inactivation. SC ablation initially p ...
... et al., 1982; Overton & Dean, 1988; Lomber et al., 2001). Unfortunately, the interpretation of these studies is limited because of one or more of the following considerations: (1) Most of these experiments used permanent ablation of the SC rather than reversible inactivation. SC ablation initially p ...
Saccade Target Selection in Frontal Eye Field of Macaque. I. Visual
... by a fixed interval (300-500 msec) (Fig. 1C). This condition was used to assess the activation of neurons in response to stimuli presented when the monkey was instructed that no saccade should be made. The first and third conditions were repeated presenting the target with distracters (Fig. ID&). Th ...
... by a fixed interval (300-500 msec) (Fig. 1C). This condition was used to assess the activation of neurons in response to stimuli presented when the monkey was instructed that no saccade should be made. The first and third conditions were repeated presenting the target with distracters (Fig. ID&). Th ...
Representational Capacity of Face Coding in Monkeys
... recorded cells are shown in Figure 1. Six of the recorded cells showed strongly graded responses like those shown in Figure la. Three cells displayed more weakly graded responses as in Figure 16. Three cells had graded responses that tended to cluster into two or more groups. One such cell is shown ...
... recorded cells are shown in Figure 1. Six of the recorded cells showed strongly graded responses like those shown in Figure la. Three cells displayed more weakly graded responses as in Figure 16. Three cells had graded responses that tended to cluster into two or more groups. One such cell is shown ...
How different are the visual representations used for object
... that the target image representation in the Holistic Surface Map is invariant with translation and scale. However, because the topological relations that are preserved in the Holistic Surface Map come from only one particular view of the object this representation is sensitive to rotation in depth a ...
... that the target image representation in the Holistic Surface Map is invariant with translation and scale. However, because the topological relations that are preserved in the Holistic Surface Map come from only one particular view of the object this representation is sensitive to rotation in depth a ...
The effect of learning on the face selective responses of neurons in
... cortex in the superior temporal suleus classified as showing responses selective for faces responded much more specifically than this. Further information on and discussion of the extent to which these neurons have selective responses is given by Baylis et al. 1985; and Rolls 1984, 1989a. The non-fa ...
... cortex in the superior temporal suleus classified as showing responses selective for faces responded much more specifically than this. Further information on and discussion of the extent to which these neurons have selective responses is given by Baylis et al. 1985; and Rolls 1984, 1989a. The non-fa ...
Contextual modulation and stimulus selectivity in extrastriate cortex
... operations have small spatial receptive fields and short memories, it may seem like processing should be quite local in space and time. However, it has long been known that the processing of a visual stimulus is affected by the overall gestalt, or context, in which it occurs. The presence of a stimul ...
... operations have small spatial receptive fields and short memories, it may seem like processing should be quite local in space and time. However, it has long been known that the processing of a visual stimulus is affected by the overall gestalt, or context, in which it occurs. The presence of a stimul ...
Neuroimaging of cognitive functions in human parietal cortex Jody C
... preparation even before the target stimulus appears [23••,48••,49,51,52•]. Importantly, these baseline signals can be larger in SPL [23••] or IPS [48••,52•] than in other visual areas, suggesting that the parietal lobes may be a source of attentional control signals. Second, several studies have imp ...
... preparation even before the target stimulus appears [23••,48••,49,51,52•]. Importantly, these baseline signals can be larger in SPL [23••] or IPS [48••,52•] than in other visual areas, suggesting that the parietal lobes may be a source of attentional control signals. Second, several studies have imp ...
Ventral Intraparietal Area of the Macaque: Anatomic Location and
... 3. Many neurons were also selective for speed of stimulus motion. Quantitative data from 25 neurons indicated that the distribution of preferred speeds ranged from 10 to 320” /s. The degree of speed tuning was on average twice as broad as that reported for area MT. 4. Some neurons (22 /4 1 ) were se ...
... 3. Many neurons were also selective for speed of stimulus motion. Quantitative data from 25 neurons indicated that the distribution of preferred speeds ranged from 10 to 320” /s. The degree of speed tuning was on average twice as broad as that reported for area MT. 4. Some neurons (22 /4 1 ) were se ...
Neuropsychologia, 47, 1621-6
... The experiment followed a 2 hand-type (real, fake) by 2 skin-side (glabrous, hairy) by 3 target-size (1, 2, 3 cm diameter) × 6 target-location within-subjects design. Specifically, participants pointed to visual targets projected onto the glabrous (palm) or hairy (back) side of their actual left hand ...
... The experiment followed a 2 hand-type (real, fake) by 2 skin-side (glabrous, hairy) by 3 target-size (1, 2, 3 cm diameter) × 6 target-location within-subjects design. Specifically, participants pointed to visual targets projected onto the glabrous (palm) or hairy (back) side of their actual left hand ...
pdf - Olin Neuropsychiatry Research Center
... A supramodal network for target processing 7 stimulus (and withholding an inappropriate motor response to that stimulus) is again increased relative to the Go stimulus. Similarly, interpretation of the findings of Braver et al (2001), who also employed a task in which Go and NoGo trials were equall ...
... A supramodal network for target processing 7 stimulus (and withholding an inappropriate motor response to that stimulus) is again increased relative to the Go stimulus. Similarly, interpretation of the findings of Braver et al (2001), who also employed a task in which Go and NoGo trials were equall ...
Analyzing Neural Responses to Natural Signals: Maximally
... are relevant for setting the probability of generating a single spike at one moment in time. From an information-theoretic point of view, asking for stimulus features that capture the mutual information between the stimulus and the arrival times of single spikes is a well-posed question even if succ ...
... are relevant for setting the probability of generating a single spike at one moment in time. From an information-theoretic point of view, asking for stimulus features that capture the mutual information between the stimulus and the arrival times of single spikes is a well-posed question even if succ ...
Abstract 1. Introduction Temporal dynamics of perception and the
... moves (upwards), but the static oblique grating causes the pattern to appear to move up and to the right. (f) Type II plaid in which the perceived direction of the pattern is very different from that of either of the two components or the vector sum. (see also the corresponding movies for each stimu ...
... moves (upwards), but the static oblique grating causes the pattern to appear to move up and to the right. (f) Type II plaid in which the perceived direction of the pattern is very different from that of either of the two components or the vector sum. (see also the corresponding movies for each stimu ...
Sensory uncertainty decoded from visual cortex
... individual trials. These fluctuations in behavioral accuracy are often thought to arise, in part, from internal neural noise affecting the fidelity of cortical orientation representations. We asked whether this trial-bytrial variability in the fidelity of internal knowledge was reflected in fMRI act ...
... individual trials. These fluctuations in behavioral accuracy are often thought to arise, in part, from internal neural noise affecting the fidelity of cortical orientation representations. We asked whether this trial-bytrial variability in the fidelity of internal knowledge was reflected in fMRI act ...
Stop Using Introspection to Gather Data for the Design of... Modeling and Spatial Assistance
... “spatial imagery” in the sense that they represent visual features only if they are necessary for the task, but otherwise focus on spatial information only? If so, what does that mean for the support of reasoning processes in humans by technical systems? The contribution will report on experimental ...
... “spatial imagery” in the sense that they represent visual features only if they are necessary for the task, but otherwise focus on spatial information only? If so, what does that mean for the support of reasoning processes in humans by technical systems? The contribution will report on experimental ...
Persistent perceptual delay for head movement onset
... slower. On the other hand, if it is the latter, then one would expect that even though the temporal processing of some signals are faster than others, they would be detected at the same time. There have been a considerable amount of studies revealing that the temporal processing of tactile, visual a ...
... slower. On the other hand, if it is the latter, then one would expect that even though the temporal processing of some signals are faster than others, they would be detected at the same time. There have been a considerable amount of studies revealing that the temporal processing of tactile, visual a ...
Reference frames for representing the location of visual and tactile
... often interspersed with cells with intermediate properties. For instance, most auditory RFs in the SC are intermediate between eye- and headcentered: that is, when the eyes move, the auditory RFs shift only partially with the eye9,10. This type of visual-auditory RF is also reported in the lateral i ...
... often interspersed with cells with intermediate properties. For instance, most auditory RFs in the SC are intermediate between eye- and headcentered: that is, when the eyes move, the auditory RFs shift only partially with the eye9,10. This type of visual-auditory RF is also reported in the lateral i ...
Representation of Acoustic Communication Signals
... The overall rhythmic structure of a song is evident in the power spectral density of the AM signal (see Fig. 1B, C, right panels). Gaps within a syllable result in more prominent higher-frequency spectral components (Fig. 1C, arrow). Distribution of natural A M signals. To restrict attention to carr ...
... The overall rhythmic structure of a song is evident in the power spectral density of the AM signal (see Fig. 1B, C, right panels). Gaps within a syllable result in more prominent higher-frequency spectral components (Fig. 1C, arrow). Distribution of natural A M signals. To restrict attention to carr ...
Models of Information Processing in the Visual Cortex
... First, models can represent a selected part of the world, and second, models can represent a theory. The two notions are not mutually exclusive, but they provide a good distinction between more practical models trying to reproduce a certain system, and more theoretical models constrained to a certai ...
... First, models can represent a selected part of the world, and second, models can represent a theory. The two notions are not mutually exclusive, but they provide a good distinction between more practical models trying to reproduce a certain system, and more theoretical models constrained to a certai ...
Stimulus-Dependent Synchronization of Neuronal Responses in the
... selectively and jointly the saliency of all responses that contain episodes of synchronous spiking because synchronous EPSPs summate optimally in target cell populations. If temporal synchronization is exploited by the nervous system to select constellations of responses for further joint processing ...
... selectively and jointly the saliency of all responses that contain episodes of synchronous spiking because synchronous EPSPs summate optimally in target cell populations. If temporal synchronization is exploited by the nervous system to select constellations of responses for further joint processing ...
Vision`s First Steps: Anatomy, Physiology, and Perception in the
... off-center bipolar dendrites make synapses closer to the inner nuclear layer whereas the on-center bipolar dendrites terminate closer to the ganglion cell layer [47, 160]. As described earlier, there are two predominant types of ganglion cells: midget and parasol [173]. Both types of ganglion cells ...
... off-center bipolar dendrites make synapses closer to the inner nuclear layer whereas the on-center bipolar dendrites terminate closer to the ganglion cell layer [47, 160]. As described earlier, there are two predominant types of ganglion cells: midget and parasol [173]. Both types of ganglion cells ...
Escape behavior and neuronal responses to looming stimuli in the
... The simulated looming stimulus used in the present study consisted of a 5·cm black square, which approached over a distance of 70·cm at a constant speed of 20·cm·s–1 (Fig.·1B). Thus, for the crab’s eye the stimulus had an apparent size subtending an angle of 4° at its stationary initial position and ...
... The simulated looming stimulus used in the present study consisted of a 5·cm black square, which approached over a distance of 70·cm at a constant speed of 20·cm·s–1 (Fig.·1B). Thus, for the crab’s eye the stimulus had an apparent size subtending an angle of 4° at its stationary initial position and ...
Saccadic Eye Movements Modulate Visual Responses in the Lateral
... 10⬚ from the edge of the stimulus screen. We also ensured that the saccade targets were located far from the receptive fields at all times during the experiment. The second consideration was that the peri-saccadic visual response should be probed efficiently. The effects of eye movements on both per ...
... 10⬚ from the edge of the stimulus screen. We also ensured that the saccade targets were located far from the receptive fields at all times during the experiment. The second consideration was that the peri-saccadic visual response should be probed efficiently. The effects of eye movements on both per ...
Integrated model of visual processing
... and 2D analysis of luminance borders. The next level is the 2 1 / 2 D sketch that encodes the position and orientation in depth of small surface elements in 3D and the final stage is the 3D representation that corresponds to the representation of objects in three dimensions. Thus, it is a model base ...
... and 2D analysis of luminance borders. The next level is the 2 1 / 2 D sketch that encodes the position and orientation in depth of small surface elements in 3D and the final stage is the 3D representation that corresponds to the representation of objects in three dimensions. Thus, it is a model base ...
Position Selectivity in Scene- and Object-Responsive
... within each block ranged from two and six, and spots appeared in 25% of stimuli on average. (Note that this percentage applied to the total number of stimuli, of which there were 12 per block, and not the number of unique images, which was either two or four per block. Also, the appearance of a blur ...
... within each block ranged from two and six, and spots appeared in 25% of stimuli on average. (Note that this percentage applied to the total number of stimuli, of which there were 12 per block, and not the number of unique images, which was either two or four per block. Also, the appearance of a blur ...
Visual N1
The visual N1 is a visual evoked potential, a type of event-related electrical potential (ERP), that is produced in the brain and recorded on the scalp. The N1 is so named to reflect the polarity and typical timing of the component. The ""N"" indicates that the polarity of the component is negative with respect to an average mastoid reference. The ""1"" originally indicated that it was the first negative-going component, but it now better indexes the typical peak of this component, which is around 150 to 200 milliseconds post-stimulus. The N1 deflection may be detected at most recording sites, including the occipital, parietal, central, and frontal electrode sites. Although, the visual N1 is widely distributed over the entire scalp, it peaks earlier over frontal than posterior regions of the scalp, suggestive of distinct neural and/or cognitive correlates. The N1 is elicited by visual stimuli, and is part of the visual evoked potential – a series of voltage deflections observed in response to visual onsets, offsets, and changes. Both the right and left hemispheres generate an N1, but the laterality of the N1 depends on whether a stimulus is presented centrally, laterally, or bilaterally. When a stimulus is presented centrally, the N1 is bilateral. When presented laterally, the N1 is larger, earlier, and contralateral to the visual field of the stimulus. When two visual stimuli are presented, one in each visual field, the N1 is bilateral. In the latter case, the N1’s asymmetrical skewedness is modulated by attention. Additionally, its amplitude is influenced by selective attention, and thus it has been used to study a variety of attentional processes.