Understanding the concept of resolving power in the Fabry–Perot
... phase difference are related by δ = 2π λ The intensity depends on the thickness d, the reflection coefficient r, the wavelength λ, the intensity a 2 of the incident plane wave and the incidence angle . If the light comes from an extended source from all possible directions , and taking into accoun ...
... phase difference are related by δ = 2π λ The intensity depends on the thickness d, the reflection coefficient r, the wavelength λ, the intensity a 2 of the incident plane wave and the incidence angle . If the light comes from an extended source from all possible directions , and taking into accoun ...
Materials processing with a tightly focused femtosecond laser vortex
... references therein). So far, none of the proposed compensation techniques have been tested or used in laser micromachining. Recently we have synthesized high-quality doublecharge femtosecond vortex beams by using polarization singularities associated with the beam propagation in uniaxial birefringen ...
... references therein). So far, none of the proposed compensation techniques have been tested or used in laser micromachining. Recently we have synthesized high-quality doublecharge femtosecond vortex beams by using polarization singularities associated with the beam propagation in uniaxial birefringen ...
Dynamical diffraction of atomic matter waves by crystals of light
... space structure. In a real crystal with a limited length L (z direction!, the z component of the grating vector is uncertain in a range proportional to L 21 , whereas the x component ~direction of the grating periodicity! shows a sharply defined, discrete spectrum spaced by G52 p /d. The diffracted ...
... space structure. In a real crystal with a limited length L (z direction!, the z component of the grating vector is uncertain in a range proportional to L 21 , whereas the x component ~direction of the grating periodicity! shows a sharply defined, discrete spectrum spaced by G52 p /d. The diffracted ...
Optical Component Characterization: A Linear Systems Approach
... large body of work addressing them. Here, we would like to apply some very simple linear systems concepts to optical systems, and in particular, to the effects of non-ideal filters. The following section addresses amplitude and phase errors using the scalar model of signal propagation in a fiber, an ...
... large body of work addressing them. Here, we would like to apply some very simple linear systems concepts to optical systems, and in particular, to the effects of non-ideal filters. The following section addresses amplitude and phase errors using the scalar model of signal propagation in a fiber, an ...
Needle-based reflection refractometry of scattering samples using
... 16 Apr 2007 / Vol. 15, No. 8 / OPTICS EXPRESS 4787 ...
... 16 Apr 2007 / Vol. 15, No. 8 / OPTICS EXPRESS 4787 ...
Noncollinear parametric amplification in the near
... values of α. It should be noticed that this configuration results in a residual spatial walk-off of 3.5° and 3.63° for pump and idler while full compensation can be achieved with positive values of α. The implicit dependence of the parameters describing type-II noncollinear amplification gives some pe ...
... values of α. It should be noticed that this configuration results in a residual spatial walk-off of 3.5° and 3.63° for pump and idler while full compensation can be achieved with positive values of α. The implicit dependence of the parameters describing type-II noncollinear amplification gives some pe ...
Advanced Microscopy
... the point spread function (psf) = intensity pattern in the focal area of a lens this is equivalent to the image of a point source (light path is reversible) light is diffracted on the aperture of the microscope objective pattern is square magnitude of complex amplitude ...
... the point spread function (psf) = intensity pattern in the focal area of a lens this is equivalent to the image of a point source (light path is reversible) light is diffracted on the aperture of the microscope objective pattern is square magnitude of complex amplitude ...
Holography - Princeton University
... holograms record both phase and amplitude information. Because phase is a relative property, construction of a hologram requires a “reference beam” in addition to the light reflected from an object’s surface. Additional requirements include a powerful, coherent, monochromatic light source (e.g., a l ...
... holograms record both phase and amplitude information. Because phase is a relative property, construction of a hologram requires a “reference beam” in addition to the light reflected from an object’s surface. Additional requirements include a powerful, coherent, monochromatic light source (e.g., a l ...
Collimation Tester - Newport Corporation
... Tester offers the researcher a simpler approach. The Newport Collimation Tester 20QS20 makes use of a technique called “Shearing Interferometry.” This is a null method used to test the collimation of laser light whose coherence length is long compared to the thickness of the collimation tester. The ...
... Tester offers the researcher a simpler approach. The Newport Collimation Tester 20QS20 makes use of a technique called “Shearing Interferometry.” This is a null method used to test the collimation of laser light whose coherence length is long compared to the thickness of the collimation tester. The ...
Light beams with fractional orbital angular
... Here, Φ(x, y)beam is the phase profile of the superposition at the beam waist for z = 0 and Φ(x, Λ)grating is the phase profile of the blazed grating which depends on the period of the grating Λ. The two phase distributions are added modulo 2π and, after subtraction of π , multiplied by an intensity ...
... Here, Φ(x, y)beam is the phase profile of the superposition at the beam waist for z = 0 and Φ(x, Λ)grating is the phase profile of the blazed grating which depends on the period of the grating Λ. The two phase distributions are added modulo 2π and, after subtraction of π , multiplied by an intensity ...
Three-Dimensional Mapping of Near-Field Interactions via Single-Photon Tomography Benjamin D. Mangum,
... detected photon and to generate time stamps for each tip oscillation and AFM line marker. The tip oscillation time stamps are obtained by transforming the AFM deflection signal into a square wave that triggers a time measurement at a particular phase of each oscillation cycle. After these data chann ...
... detected photon and to generate time stamps for each tip oscillation and AFM line marker. The tip oscillation time stamps are obtained by transforming the AFM deflection signal into a square wave that triggers a time measurement at a particular phase of each oscillation cycle. After these data chann ...
Get PDF - OSA Publishing
... obtains the group index and thickness of transparent media [21,22] and a Mach-Zehnder multiwavelength interferometer can generate a 2D map of the refractive index distribution and the thickness profile [23]. Further, an equivalent approach was reported whereby the immersion medium of a digital holog ...
... obtains the group index and thickness of transparent media [21,22] and a Mach-Zehnder multiwavelength interferometer can generate a 2D map of the refractive index distribution and the thickness profile [23]. Further, an equivalent approach was reported whereby the immersion medium of a digital holog ...
Blind sectional image reconstruction for optical
... The spherical wave and the plane wave are combined at the second beam splitter (BS2) to generate a time-dependent FZP-to-2D scan over the object [4]. In the experiment, 共⍀ + ⌬⍀兲 / 2 = 40 MHz and ⍀ / 2 = 40.01 MHz, and hence a heterodyne current at a frequency of ⌬⍀ / 2 = 10 kHz is generated at th ...
... The spherical wave and the plane wave are combined at the second beam splitter (BS2) to generate a time-dependent FZP-to-2D scan over the object [4]. In the experiment, 共⍀ + ⌬⍀兲 / 2 = 40 MHz and ⍀ / 2 = 40.01 MHz, and hence a heterodyne current at a frequency of ⌬⍀ / 2 = 10 kHz is generated at th ...
Advantages of Holographic Optical Tweezers
... Figure 6. Two traps without correction hologram (left). These same traps with correction (right). The zeroth order is the top right trap. ...
... Figure 6. Two traps without correction hologram (left). These same traps with correction (right). The zeroth order is the top right trap. ...
Ultrasensitive Beam Deflection Measurement via Interferometric
... k0 is the wavenumber of the light so that θ = k/k0 is the small angle the mirror imparts to the light beam. The amplification factor is A = hxi/δ. Experiment.— A fiber coupled 780 nm laser beam is collimated using a 10x microscope objective. Just after the objective, the beam has a Gaussian radius o ...
... k0 is the wavenumber of the light so that θ = k/k0 is the small angle the mirror imparts to the light beam. The amplification factor is A = hxi/δ. Experiment.— A fiber coupled 780 nm laser beam is collimated using a 10x microscope objective. Just after the objective, the beam has a Gaussian radius o ...
Irradiance transport equation from geometrical - E
... Thus, Eq. (5) shows that radiant energy is conserved. This is true for a non-conducting medium (σ = 0) where no mechanical work is done; i.e., it is valid for regions where there are no free charges or other singular points such as point sources or ray caustics. On the other hand, it is well known t ...
... Thus, Eq. (5) shows that radiant energy is conserved. This is true for a non-conducting medium (σ = 0) where no mechanical work is done; i.e., it is valid for regions where there are no free charges or other singular points such as point sources or ray caustics. On the other hand, it is well known t ...
Accelerating Light Beams along Arbitrary Convex
... peak intensity follows a continuous parabolic curve as they propagate in free space, just like the quantum-mechanical ‘‘Airy wave packet’’ [3] that inspired their invention. Optical Airy beams are now becoming of practical importance. Examples of recent applications range from optical manipulation o ...
... peak intensity follows a continuous parabolic curve as they propagate in free space, just like the quantum-mechanical ‘‘Airy wave packet’’ [3] that inspired their invention. Optical Airy beams are now becoming of practical importance. Examples of recent applications range from optical manipulation o ...
Design and Simulation of DPSS Laser with SHG for Material
... and extraordinary index ne. Suppose that along a certain crystal direction at an angle to the optic axis, ne(2 ) at the second harmonic is the same as no( ) at the fundamental frequency: ne(2 )=no( ). This is called index matching and the angle is the phase matching angle. To separate the second har ...
... and extraordinary index ne. Suppose that along a certain crystal direction at an angle to the optic axis, ne(2 ) at the second harmonic is the same as no( ) at the fundamental frequency: ne(2 )=no( ). This is called index matching and the angle is the phase matching angle. To separate the second har ...
Three-dimensional superresolution technology applied to
... analysis for superresolution is presented. Binary phase plates corresponding to transverse or axial superresolution are designed, especially three-dimensional superresolution is proposed employing some optimization algorithms. The simulation results show that for light source with single wavelength ...
... analysis for superresolution is presented. Binary phase plates corresponding to transverse or axial superresolution are designed, especially three-dimensional superresolution is proposed employing some optimization algorithms. The simulation results show that for light source with single wavelength ...
this PDF file
... They indicated that the tolerance of pickup head for grating scale could be improved greatly by using wavefront compensation. In 1999, Henshaw [18] of Britain Renishaw added a medium with refraction property to change the equal optical path of the interference system to different the optical path. T ...
... They indicated that the tolerance of pickup head for grating scale could be improved greatly by using wavefront compensation. In 1999, Henshaw [18] of Britain Renishaw added a medium with refraction property to change the equal optical path of the interference system to different the optical path. T ...
Non-specular reflection of convergent beams from Iiquid-solid interface
... The reflection of an acoustic beam incident at the Rayleigh angle from a liquid onto a solid has been studied for well collimated and divergent beams [13]; however, the reflection of convergent beams, such as those produced by a concave transducer or a lens, has not yet been examined explicitly . Th ...
... The reflection of an acoustic beam incident at the Rayleigh angle from a liquid onto a solid has been studied for well collimated and divergent beams [13]; however, the reflection of convergent beams, such as those produced by a concave transducer or a lens, has not yet been examined explicitly . Th ...
Get PDF - OSA Publishing
... and εz’. The details of the PWC design follows similar principles described in literatures [23– 25]. Due to the hyperbolic dispersion of the metalens, a plane wave comes from the metamaterial side, instead of being focused, diverges after the metalens, resulting in a virtual focus at Fd also in the ...
... and εz’. The details of the PWC design follows similar principles described in literatures [23– 25]. Due to the hyperbolic dispersion of the metalens, a plane wave comes from the metamaterial side, instead of being focused, diverges after the metalens, resulting in a virtual focus at Fd also in the ...
Phase-contrast X-ray imaging
Phase-contrast X-ray imaging (PCI) or phase-sensitive X-ray imaging is a general term for different technical methods that use information concerning changes in the phase of an X-ray beam that passes through an object in order to create its images. Standard X-ray imaging techniques like radiography or computed tomography (CT) rely on a decrease of the X-ray beam's intensity (attenuation) when traversing the sample, which can be measured directly with the assistance of an X-ray detector. In PCI however, the beam's phase shift caused by the sample is not measured directly, but is transformed into variations in intensity, which then can be recorded by the detector.In addition to producing projection images, PCI, like conventional transmission, can be combined with tomographic techniques to obtain the 3D distribution of the real part of the refractive index of the sample. When applied to samples that consist of atoms with low atomic number Z, PCI is more sensitive to density variations in the sample than conventional transmission-based X-ray imaging. This leads to images with improved soft tissue contrast.In the last several years, a variety of phase-contrast X-ray imaging techniques have been developed, all of which are based on the observation of interference patterns between diffracted and undiffracted waves. The most common techniques are crystal interferometry, propagation-based imaging, analyzer-based imaging, edge-illumination and grating-based imaging (see below).