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Perspectives for GAIA
... Perspectives for investigation of CVs with ESA Gaia (I): Profiles of the light curves of cataclysmic variables (CVs) will be significantly affected by the sampling of the Gaia data. The individual outbursts in dwarf novae are expected to be covered by only a few Gaia data points – no or very li ...
... Perspectives for investigation of CVs with ESA Gaia (I): Profiles of the light curves of cataclysmic variables (CVs) will be significantly affected by the sampling of the Gaia data. The individual outbursts in dwarf novae are expected to be covered by only a few Gaia data points – no or very li ...
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... Conclusions. These results represent our initial attempts at studying the kinetics of phase separation in ionomers as well as establishing structure-property relationships in these systems. These types of experiments hold out promise for answering a number of outstanding questions in this field, nam ...
... Conclusions. These results represent our initial attempts at studying the kinetics of phase separation in ionomers as well as establishing structure-property relationships in these systems. These types of experiments hold out promise for answering a number of outstanding questions in this field, nam ...
Second-harmonic generation of focused ultrashort
... propagation direction of each beam. k and η are the wave vector and impedance inside the material, respectively, ω0 is the pump central angular frequency, and v g is the group velocity. In the hard x-ray regime, high above resonances, the linear interaction is described by Thomson scattering giving ...
... propagation direction of each beam. k and η are the wave vector and impedance inside the material, respectively, ω0 is the pump central angular frequency, and v g is the group velocity. In the hard x-ray regime, high above resonances, the linear interaction is described by Thomson scattering giving ...
Multimode Interferometer for Guided Matter Waves
... instruments for applications. The sensitivity of matterwave interferometers [1] has been shown to be much better than that of light interferometers in several areas such as the observation of inertial effects [2]. Because of this high sensitivity, interferometers have to be built in a robust manner ...
... instruments for applications. The sensitivity of matterwave interferometers [1] has been shown to be much better than that of light interferometers in several areas such as the observation of inertial effects [2]. Because of this high sensitivity, interferometers have to be built in a robust manner ...
Optical phase measurement emphasized
... polarized beam composed of both s- and p- polarization undergoing total internal reflection becomes elliptically polarized. We show how to determine relative optical phase change between s- and p- polarization states through analysis of the outgoing elliptically polarized beam. Such optical phase ch ...
... polarized beam composed of both s- and p- polarization undergoing total internal reflection becomes elliptically polarized. We show how to determine relative optical phase change between s- and p- polarization states through analysis of the outgoing elliptically polarized beam. Such optical phase ch ...
Diffraction
... 1.2.3 The Concept of Intensity The concept of INTENSITY is already known by most students at the beginning of the course. Nevertheless, many find it difficult to explain this concept clearly, and it is intuitive to gain understanding. However, in physics, there is a precise and logical definition of ...
... 1.2.3 The Concept of Intensity The concept of INTENSITY is already known by most students at the beginning of the course. Nevertheless, many find it difficult to explain this concept clearly, and it is intuitive to gain understanding. However, in physics, there is a precise and logical definition of ...
Costas-Loop Based Carrier Recovery in Optical Coherent Intersatellite Communications Systems Semjon Schaefer
... optical phase-locked loop (OPLL) is used to adjust the frequency and phase of the local oscillator (LO) to the incoming data signal. The OPLL is based on a Costas-loop which is characterised by a nonlinear behaviour that influences the transmission performance and which can be described by a nonline ...
... optical phase-locked loop (OPLL) is used to adjust the frequency and phase of the local oscillator (LO) to the incoming data signal. The OPLL is based on a Costas-loop which is characterised by a nonlinear behaviour that influences the transmission performance and which can be described by a nonline ...
Slide
... The Fresnel approximation is based upon the assumption |2-1| << z. Here 1 and 2 represent the transverse coordinates in the initial and final planes for any pair of points to be considered in the calculation. What pairs of points must be considered depends upon the specific problem to be modele ...
... The Fresnel approximation is based upon the assumption |2-1| << z. Here 1 and 2 represent the transverse coordinates in the initial and final planes for any pair of points to be considered in the calculation. What pairs of points must be considered depends upon the specific problem to be modele ...
Variable Geometric Phase Polarization Rotators for the Visible
... An alternative to using linear polarizationpreserving reflectors is to use a system of reflections where each of the components of the light relative to the optical system experience the same number of sand p-polarization reflections, and thus acquiring a reflection phase shift difference of zero af ...
... An alternative to using linear polarizationpreserving reflectors is to use a system of reflections where each of the components of the light relative to the optical system experience the same number of sand p-polarization reflections, and thus acquiring a reflection phase shift difference of zero af ...
Beyond Snel`s law: Refraction of a nano-beam of light.
... optical phenomena. When light wave is transmitted from one optical medium into another at an oblique angle, its direction of propagation changes. If the light is a wide plane wave incident on a relatively large and flat interface of two different isotropic media, the change of wave direction is well ...
... optical phenomena. When light wave is transmitted from one optical medium into another at an oblique angle, its direction of propagation changes. If the light is a wide plane wave incident on a relatively large and flat interface of two different isotropic media, the change of wave direction is well ...
Plasmonic modes of gold nano-particle arrays on thin gold
... arrays with varying array periods. The reference for calculating the extinction is taken on the gold film outside the arrays. The thin line depicts the extinction spectrum of a sample with random particle distribution (see text); (d) Resonance wavelengths of the extinction peaks vs. array period: ex ...
... arrays with varying array periods. The reference for calculating the extinction is taken on the gold film outside the arrays. The thin line depicts the extinction spectrum of a sample with random particle distribution (see text); (d) Resonance wavelengths of the extinction peaks vs. array period: ex ...
Hybrid optoelectronic correlator architecture for shift-invariant target recognition Mehjabin Sultana Monjur, Shih Tseng,
... (Ψ1 Ψ2 ) over a range of 2π at a certain frequency ωs , while keeping (Ψ1 − Ψ2 ) zero. The convolution term varies as we scan (Ψ1 Ψ2 ), whereas the cross-correlation term remains constant (since Ψ1 − Ψ2 0). While scanning is going on, we pass the signal S through a low-pass filter (LPF) with a ...
... (Ψ1 Ψ2 ) over a range of 2π at a certain frequency ωs , while keeping (Ψ1 − Ψ2 ) zero. The convolution term varies as we scan (Ψ1 Ψ2 ), whereas the cross-correlation term remains constant (since Ψ1 − Ψ2 0). While scanning is going on, we pass the signal S through a low-pass filter (LPF) with a ...
LABORATORY TECHNIQUES
... the side with the greatest curvature usually should f ace the collimated beam. There are two basic methods for collimation: (a) using an optical flat, and (b) using a mirror and an iris. An optical flat is an optical component with very flat (/20) surfaces, which are usually parallel to each other. ...
... the side with the greatest curvature usually should f ace the collimated beam. There are two basic methods for collimation: (a) using an optical flat, and (b) using a mirror and an iris. An optical flat is an optical component with very flat (/20) surfaces, which are usually parallel to each other. ...
Two-dimensional control of light with light on metasurfaces
... of its front and back, where a small asymmetry results from different surface roughness on opposite sides, and it absorbs about 33% of a single illuminating beam (Figure 2b). To coherently control the metasurface excitation, we split the output of a 785-nm continuouswave laser along two paths of mat ...
... of its front and back, where a small asymmetry results from different surface roughness on opposite sides, and it absorbs about 33% of a single illuminating beam (Figure 2b). To coherently control the metasurface excitation, we split the output of a 785-nm continuouswave laser along two paths of mat ...
Suppression of optical damage at 532 nm in
... A series of Ho:cLN crystals were grown with the Czochralski technique with Ho2O3 concentration ranging from 0.0047 to 0.94 mol. % (0.0094-1.88 mol. % Ho3+) in the melt. Here we define the Ho2O3 mol. % as the ratio of [Ho2O3]/([Ho2O3] + [cLiNbO3]). Further details on the crystal growth can be found i ...
... A series of Ho:cLN crystals were grown with the Czochralski technique with Ho2O3 concentration ranging from 0.0047 to 0.94 mol. % (0.0094-1.88 mol. % Ho3+) in the melt. Here we define the Ho2O3 mol. % as the ratio of [Ho2O3]/([Ho2O3] + [cLiNbO3]). Further details on the crystal growth can be found i ...
Three-dimensional imaging by optical sectioning in the aberration
... can see that they appear out of focus, while in figure 3b they now appear to be in focus compared with the other particles. From this, we can infer that these particles are at different heights on the support. To counter the effects of sample drift, each image in the focal series was aligned using a ...
... can see that they appear out of focus, while in figure 3b they now appear to be in focus compared with the other particles. From this, we can infer that these particles are at different heights on the support. To counter the effects of sample drift, each image in the focal series was aligned using a ...
EBSD SEM TEM
... However, while the angle at which the first minimum occurs (which is sometimes described as the radius of the Airy disk) depends only on wavelength and aperture size D, the appearance of the diffraction pattern will vary with the intensity (brightness) of the light source. Because any detector (ey ...
... However, while the angle at which the first minimum occurs (which is sometimes described as the radius of the Airy disk) depends only on wavelength and aperture size D, the appearance of the diffraction pattern will vary with the intensity (brightness) of the light source. Because any detector (ey ...
Optical negative refraction by four-wave mixing in thin metallic nanostructures LETTERS *
... two different materials are related to the ratio of the refractive indices in each medium. Whereas all natural materials have a positive refractive index and therefore exhibit refraction in the positive direction, artificially engineered negative index metamaterials have been shown capable of bendin ...
... two different materials are related to the ratio of the refractive indices in each medium. Whereas all natural materials have a positive refractive index and therefore exhibit refraction in the positive direction, artificially engineered negative index metamaterials have been shown capable of bendin ...
Design and analysis of a low-threshold polymer circular-grating distributed-feedback laser
... The transfer matrix relates the counterpropagating amplitude coefficients A(r) and B(r) at the end points of the grating section. A transfer matrix for a grating composed of any number of adjacent elements may be formed by the multiplication of transfer matrices representing the individual elements. ...
... The transfer matrix relates the counterpropagating amplitude coefficients A(r) and B(r) at the end points of the grating section. A transfer matrix for a grating composed of any number of adjacent elements may be formed by the multiplication of transfer matrices representing the individual elements. ...
role of phase and group velocities in cerenkov radiation and
... ice [17], noble gases (argon, krypton, xenon) in liquid and solid phase [18, 19, 20], and of NaCl [21] are used to evidence the behaviour of phase and group velocities in materials. The choice of n rather than ng or of v rather than vg leads to errors in track reconstruction and in distance measurem ...
... ice [17], noble gases (argon, krypton, xenon) in liquid and solid phase [18, 19, 20], and of NaCl [21] are used to evidence the behaviour of phase and group velocities in materials. The choice of n rather than ng or of v rather than vg leads to errors in track reconstruction and in distance measurem ...
EUROPEAN PHARMACOPOEIA 7.0 by extrinsic factors (test conditions), such as hydrodynamics,
... conventional case the particles enter the parallel beam before the collecting lens and within its working distance. In so-called reversed Fourier optics the particles enter behind the collecting lens and thus, in a converging beam. The advantage of the conventional set-up is that a reasonable path l ...
... conventional case the particles enter the parallel beam before the collecting lens and within its working distance. In so-called reversed Fourier optics the particles enter behind the collecting lens and thus, in a converging beam. The advantage of the conventional set-up is that a reasonable path l ...
Lecture 18
... Modulation transfer function • Resolution and performance of optical microscope can be characterized by the modulation transfer function (MTF) • MTF is measurement of microscope's ability to transfer contrast from the specimen to the image plane at specific resolution. • Incorporates resolution and ...
... Modulation transfer function • Resolution and performance of optical microscope can be characterized by the modulation transfer function (MTF) • MTF is measurement of microscope's ability to transfer contrast from the specimen to the image plane at specific resolution. • Incorporates resolution and ...
Get PDF - OSA Publishing
... and the plasmonic structure can be calculated by modeling the device as isotropically orientated dipoles in the vicinity of a metallic structure [12–14]. As is known, there are two plasmonic modes existing in OLED/Al/protection layer-air structure. The mode with a large wave vector is excited by the ...
... and the plasmonic structure can be calculated by modeling the device as isotropically orientated dipoles in the vicinity of a metallic structure [12–14]. As is known, there are two plasmonic modes existing in OLED/Al/protection layer-air structure. The mode with a large wave vector is excited by the ...
Optical Fourier techniques for medical image processing and phase
... and output power 10 mW is expanded to a spatially uniform beam. Light transmitted through the object is focused by the Fourier lens. At the Fourier plane, various spatial filters are used for blocking undesirable components. Through an inverse Fourier transformation, the filtered frequency components ...
... and output power 10 mW is expanded to a spatially uniform beam. Light transmitted through the object is focused by the Fourier lens. At the Fourier plane, various spatial filters are used for blocking undesirable components. Through an inverse Fourier transformation, the filtered frequency components ...
Phase-contrast X-ray imaging
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Attenuation_and_phase_shift_of_electromagnetic_wave_propagating_in_medium_with_complex_index_of_refraction_n.png?width=300)
Phase-contrast X-ray imaging (PCI) or phase-sensitive X-ray imaging is a general term for different technical methods that use information concerning changes in the phase of an X-ray beam that passes through an object in order to create its images. Standard X-ray imaging techniques like radiography or computed tomography (CT) rely on a decrease of the X-ray beam's intensity (attenuation) when traversing the sample, which can be measured directly with the assistance of an X-ray detector. In PCI however, the beam's phase shift caused by the sample is not measured directly, but is transformed into variations in intensity, which then can be recorded by the detector.In addition to producing projection images, PCI, like conventional transmission, can be combined with tomographic techniques to obtain the 3D distribution of the real part of the refractive index of the sample. When applied to samples that consist of atoms with low atomic number Z, PCI is more sensitive to density variations in the sample than conventional transmission-based X-ray imaging. This leads to images with improved soft tissue contrast.In the last several years, a variety of phase-contrast X-ray imaging techniques have been developed, all of which are based on the observation of interference patterns between diffracted and undiffracted waves. The most common techniques are crystal interferometry, propagation-based imaging, analyzer-based imaging, edge-illumination and grating-based imaging (see below).