Negative refraction and Negative refractive index
... and wavelength of incident light are fixed, the time-varying ray vector varies in space and the tip of the time-varying vector follows an ellipse on the plane of incidence in the uniaxial medium (7). The angle of refraction of the time-averaged ray vector is given by a function of the incident angle ...
... and wavelength of incident light are fixed, the time-varying ray vector varies in space and the tip of the time-varying vector follows an ellipse on the plane of incidence in the uniaxial medium (7). The angle of refraction of the time-averaged ray vector is given by a function of the incident angle ...
Imaging and Measurement of Thermal Lensing in Glass
... orthogonal to the direction of travel. This wave nature of light is how we interpret such phenomenon as polarization, interference, and refraction [1]. The derivation of particle nature of light was inspired by blackbody radiation and the photoelectric effect. In the case of blackbody radiation, cla ...
... orthogonal to the direction of travel. This wave nature of light is how we interpret such phenomenon as polarization, interference, and refraction [1]. The derivation of particle nature of light was inspired by blackbody radiation and the photoelectric effect. In the case of blackbody radiation, cla ...
Optical measurement of the axial eye length by laser Doppler
... In principle, the eye length can be measured by a shift of one of the interferometer plates in steps of CL/2. At the position where the fringes are seen, d is measured and OL = d ± CL/2. Actually, the first measurements of the eye length, with the use of a precursor of the technique described here, ...
... In principle, the eye length can be measured by a shift of one of the interferometer plates in steps of CL/2. At the position where the fringes are seen, d is measured and OL = d ± CL/2. Actually, the first measurements of the eye length, with the use of a precursor of the technique described here, ...
Comparison of Phase Diversity and Curvature Wavefront Sensing
... Figure 1. Example quantities for CWFS, showing that the signal does not change much for a small extended object (see text). Array size = 256 pixels. Figure 2 shows the same thing for a much more extended object. The intensity difference shown in the lower right is dominated not by the aberrations, b ...
... Figure 1. Example quantities for CWFS, showing that the signal does not change much for a small extended object (see text). Array size = 256 pixels. Figure 2 shows the same thing for a much more extended object. The intensity difference shown in the lower right is dominated not by the aberrations, b ...
Polarization-insensitive high-dispersion total internal reflection
... diffracted orders, but no transmitted diffracted orders can exist. Such a grating is significantly different from previous metal-free diffraction gratings, which either utilize a transmission grating with dielectric stacks to provide the reflection4,5 or rely on the TIR condition being met at every ...
... diffracted orders, but no transmitted diffracted orders can exist. Such a grating is significantly different from previous metal-free diffraction gratings, which either utilize a transmission grating with dielectric stacks to provide the reflection4,5 or rely on the TIR condition being met at every ...
Accurate predictive model for twisted nematic liquid crystal devices. Application
... spatial resolution and the frame rate. In general, the fast SLMs have a low spatial resolution, whereas the SLMs with a high resolution are relatively slow. Display application requires a relatively large resolution (>1000 x 1000 picture elements or pixels) with a relatively low (60 Hz) frame rate n ...
... spatial resolution and the frame rate. In general, the fast SLMs have a low spatial resolution, whereas the SLMs with a high resolution are relatively slow. Display application requires a relatively large resolution (>1000 x 1000 picture elements or pixels) with a relatively low (60 Hz) frame rate n ...
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... reconstruction using near-field diffraction tomography. In order to obtain quality images, for example, one apply spectral filters [41-46] to the data at several levels of the image processing (i.e. filters with respect to spatial frequencies in the reconstructions). Well defined rules do not exist ...
... reconstruction using near-field diffraction tomography. In order to obtain quality images, for example, one apply spectral filters [41-46] to the data at several levels of the image processing (i.e. filters with respect to spatial frequencies in the reconstructions). Well defined rules do not exist ...
Document
... This numerical reconstruction is analogous to the optical one described in Section 6.4.1, where we discussed Vander Lugt’s matched filter. If instead of the plane wave reference we had an arbitrary field interfering with the object field, the numerical reconstruction would yield the correlation b ...
... This numerical reconstruction is analogous to the optical one described in Section 6.4.1, where we discussed Vander Lugt’s matched filter. If instead of the plane wave reference we had an arbitrary field interfering with the object field, the numerical reconstruction would yield the correlation b ...
this paper (free) - International Journal of Pure and
... N. Chahar, M. Michael, P.P. Paltani Department of Humanities & Science Faculty of Engineering & Technology Mody Institute of Technology & Science Lakshmangarh, Rajasthan, 332311, INDIA Proceedings of NCRTMSA – 2012 Abstract: In this paper, an investigation of the propagation of Gaussian beam at inte ...
... N. Chahar, M. Michael, P.P. Paltani Department of Humanities & Science Faculty of Engineering & Technology Mody Institute of Technology & Science Lakshmangarh, Rajasthan, 332311, INDIA Proceedings of NCRTMSA – 2012 Abstract: In this paper, an investigation of the propagation of Gaussian beam at inte ...
Tao Yuan, Jingzhou Xu, and Xicheng Zhang Rensselaer
... demonstrated its nanoscale resolution and 2D image scanning ability. ...
... demonstrated its nanoscale resolution and 2D image scanning ability. ...
Neutron Reflectivity
... Designed for the study of chemical interfaces, with a particular emphasis on the air-water interface >10 times the flux of SURF ...
... Designed for the study of chemical interfaces, with a particular emphasis on the air-water interface >10 times the flux of SURF ...
- Europhysics News
... object present. The function K(r) is significantly structured and different from zero only in the space region occupied by the object. By reconstructing the wave front K(r) on a number of planes at various distances from the source in the vicinity of the object, a three-dimensional image can be buil ...
... object present. The function K(r) is significantly structured and different from zero only in the space region occupied by the object. By reconstructing the wave front K(r) on a number of planes at various distances from the source in the vicinity of the object, a three-dimensional image can be buil ...
spie07chiral
... the effects of gravity on the polarization of an EM wave, and ultimately to practical applications of a Sagnac dual polarized ring laser. ...
... the effects of gravity on the polarization of an EM wave, and ultimately to practical applications of a Sagnac dual polarized ring laser. ...
Generation of a dark hollow beam by a four
... the DHBs has many advantages [7], such as a smaller dark spot size, a minimal light shift of atomic internal levels, a lower photon-scattering rate, a lower atomic loss rate from photon-assisted collisions, a higher intensity gradient and so on, it would be interesting and worthwhile to generate som ...
... the DHBs has many advantages [7], such as a smaller dark spot size, a minimal light shift of atomic internal levels, a lower photon-scattering rate, a lower atomic loss rate from photon-assisted collisions, a higher intensity gradient and so on, it would be interesting and worthwhile to generate som ...
Optical spectroscopy techniques
... Resolving power of FPI can be much higher than that of diffraction grating Scanning Fabry-‐Perot + diffraction grating spectrometer high resolution low resolution -‐ separation of interference orders ...
... Resolving power of FPI can be much higher than that of diffraction grating Scanning Fabry-‐Perot + diffraction grating spectrometer high resolution low resolution -‐ separation of interference orders ...
C-Point singularities in Poincare beams
... rotation about the C-point is IC . Since ellipses’ axes are not directional (i.e., are the ellipse is the same for a reflection about one of its axes), the minimum rotation is half a turn, and so the smallest absolute value of IC is 1/2. In addition to the rotation, the ellipses form a pattern that ...
... rotation about the C-point is IC . Since ellipses’ axes are not directional (i.e., are the ellipse is the same for a reflection about one of its axes), the minimum rotation is half a turn, and so the smallest absolute value of IC is 1/2. In addition to the rotation, the ellipses form a pattern that ...
Full Text PDF
... located in one of MZI's arms. The light source of the interferometer is the He-Ne laser with a 632.8 nm wavelength. The cell was fixed on the base plate of a spectrometer to enable us to change the incidence angle of laser beam with a small fraction of degree down to 10 minutes. The whole range of t ...
... located in one of MZI's arms. The light source of the interferometer is the He-Ne laser with a 632.8 nm wavelength. The cell was fixed on the base plate of a spectrometer to enable us to change the incidence angle of laser beam with a small fraction of degree down to 10 minutes. The whole range of t ...
Pulsed-source and swept-source spectral-domain optical coherence tomography with reduced motion artifacts
... Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) makes use of low-coherence spectral interferometry to obtain cross-sectional images of a biological sample.1-3 Interference fringes as a function of wavelength are measured using a broadband light source and a spectrometer based on a detector arr ...
... Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) makes use of low-coherence spectral interferometry to obtain cross-sectional images of a biological sample.1-3 Interference fringes as a function of wavelength are measured using a broadband light source and a spectrometer based on a detector arr ...
... than type 3, values of α are between 0.005 µm-1 and 0.003 µm-1 can be obtained [6]. The decay of the modulation index in depth respect the modulation index in the surface for α = 0.003 µm-1 can be seen in figure 6. In this figure can be seen how the effective optical thickness of grating is stopped ...
Controlling light-with-light without nonlinearity
... absorber. Indeed, in the total transmission regime, spectral components of the distorted pulse that have the same intensity and amplitude as the clock pulse will be transmitted with negligible loss, while distorted components are strongly absorbed, thereby restoring the temporal and spectral profile ...
... absorber. Indeed, in the total transmission regime, spectral components of the distorted pulse that have the same intensity and amplitude as the clock pulse will be transmitted with negligible loss, while distorted components are strongly absorbed, thereby restoring the temporal and spectral profile ...
Supplement
... to the center of the distribution. A very small number of images (< 1%) are manually excluded because of obvious artifacts in the frame due to dust particles or other large perturbations. Then, we subtract a fitted profile from each OD image before computing the variance. Initially we subtracted a fitt ...
... to the center of the distribution. A very small number of images (< 1%) are manually excluded because of obvious artifacts in the frame due to dust particles or other large perturbations. Then, we subtract a fitted profile from each OD image before computing the variance. Initially we subtracted a fitt ...
Phase-contrast X-ray imaging
Phase-contrast X-ray imaging (PCI) or phase-sensitive X-ray imaging is a general term for different technical methods that use information concerning changes in the phase of an X-ray beam that passes through an object in order to create its images. Standard X-ray imaging techniques like radiography or computed tomography (CT) rely on a decrease of the X-ray beam's intensity (attenuation) when traversing the sample, which can be measured directly with the assistance of an X-ray detector. In PCI however, the beam's phase shift caused by the sample is not measured directly, but is transformed into variations in intensity, which then can be recorded by the detector.In addition to producing projection images, PCI, like conventional transmission, can be combined with tomographic techniques to obtain the 3D distribution of the real part of the refractive index of the sample. When applied to samples that consist of atoms with low atomic number Z, PCI is more sensitive to density variations in the sample than conventional transmission-based X-ray imaging. This leads to images with improved soft tissue contrast.In the last several years, a variety of phase-contrast X-ray imaging techniques have been developed, all of which are based on the observation of interference patterns between diffracted and undiffracted waves. The most common techniques are crystal interferometry, propagation-based imaging, analyzer-based imaging, edge-illumination and grating-based imaging (see below).