The Effect of Acupuncture on the Vagus Nerve
... It is a complex response that involves several layers of activation: a systemic level, a cellular level, and subcellular level. In healthy individuals, inflammation is a temporary body response, and after an event is resolved homeostasis or balance is restored in the body. It is mostly a beneficial ...
... It is a complex response that involves several layers of activation: a systemic level, a cellular level, and subcellular level. In healthy individuals, inflammation is a temporary body response, and after an event is resolved homeostasis or balance is restored in the body. It is mostly a beneficial ...
idemic of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury in Female Athletes
... While the consensus is that there are multiple risk factors associated with ACL injury in females, there are still differing opinions on each risk factor specifically and the way they relate to each other. The seminal research on this subject thus far has found that there are three main categories o ...
... While the consensus is that there are multiple risk factors associated with ACL injury in females, there are still differing opinions on each risk factor specifically and the way they relate to each other. The seminal research on this subject thus far has found that there are three main categories o ...
Reproductive Biology of Salmoniform and Pleuronectiform Fishes with Special Reference to
... anguilla, mGnRH levels were higher than cGnRH-II levels in the pituitary, the olfactory lobes together with the telencephalon, and the diencephalon together with the mesencephalon, while the opposite results were obtained for the posterior part of the brain. Of interest, cGnRH-II levels in the pitui ...
... anguilla, mGnRH levels were higher than cGnRH-II levels in the pituitary, the olfactory lobes together with the telencephalon, and the diencephalon together with the mesencephalon, while the opposite results were obtained for the posterior part of the brain. Of interest, cGnRH-II levels in the pitui ...
Altered functional resting-state hypothalamic connectivity and
... together” and allows for the quantification of how anatomically separated brain regions co-vary together while the brain is at rest, thus in the absence of any cognitive task. However, to date, there are limited studies performed in adults or children with PWS assessing global hypothalamic connectiv ...
... together” and allows for the quantification of how anatomically separated brain regions co-vary together while the brain is at rest, thus in the absence of any cognitive task. However, to date, there are limited studies performed in adults or children with PWS assessing global hypothalamic connectiv ...
MRI-based high-dimensional hippocampal mapping in
... objective and sensitive interpretation of three-dimensional shape and volume of neuroanatomical structures. In the emerging field of computational anatomy, general pattern theory (Wang et al., 2001) and other mathematical principles provide an analytical framework and tools for studying structures, ...
... objective and sensitive interpretation of three-dimensional shape and volume of neuroanatomical structures. In the emerging field of computational anatomy, general pattern theory (Wang et al., 2001) and other mathematical principles provide an analytical framework and tools for studying structures, ...
Descending motor pathways and the spinal
... valved in phasic (orienting) and tonic (head position) function does not follow the subdivision into epaxial and hypaxial muscles, but motoneurons innervating phasic muscles are always located lateral to the motoneurons innervating tonic muscles (Fig. 1). Such a functional subdivision is important, ...
... valved in phasic (orienting) and tonic (head position) function does not follow the subdivision into epaxial and hypaxial muscles, but motoneurons innervating phasic muscles are always located lateral to the motoneurons innervating tonic muscles (Fig. 1). Such a functional subdivision is important, ...
Thyroid Hormone Regulation of Peptidylglycine a
... creased in hypothyroidism (21), although the mechanism responsible for this increase has not been elucidated. To determine whether the forms of PAM protein present in the anterior pituitary were affected by thyroid status, equal amounts of protein prepared from the soluble and washed particulate fra ...
... creased in hypothyroidism (21), although the mechanism responsible for this increase has not been elucidated. To determine whether the forms of PAM protein present in the anterior pituitary were affected by thyroid status, equal amounts of protein prepared from the soluble and washed particulate fra ...
The Tissue Distribution and Developmental Changes of ghre
... Xinjiang and the small for Kazak) and means without a common superscript indicate significant differences (P<0.05) between ages in the same breed. Double stars (**) indicate extreme differences (P<0.01) between breeds at the same age. ...
... Xinjiang and the small for Kazak) and means without a common superscript indicate significant differences (P<0.05) between ages in the same breed. Double stars (**) indicate extreme differences (P<0.01) between breeds at the same age. ...
Alcohol-Induced c-Fos Expression in the Edinger
... GABAA receptors in activating EW neurons (Cutrera et al., 1993; Skelton et al., 2000). Other evidence shows that microinjections of opioid agonists (e.g., morphine and fentanyl) into the EW produce behavioral effects without significantly modulating mydriasis (Kamenetsky et al., 1997). Thus, the opi ...
... GABAA receptors in activating EW neurons (Cutrera et al., 1993; Skelton et al., 2000). Other evidence shows that microinjections of opioid agonists (e.g., morphine and fentanyl) into the EW produce behavioral effects without significantly modulating mydriasis (Kamenetsky et al., 1997). Thus, the opi ...
21 Endocrine MtSAC
... • The cells making up the perimeter of the follicle are called follicular cells. They make and secrete the light purple liquid within the follicle, called colloid. Colloid is water, filled with a lot of protein called thyroglobulin, which is made by the follicular cells. • TSH is what stimulates the ...
... • The cells making up the perimeter of the follicle are called follicular cells. They make and secrete the light purple liquid within the follicle, called colloid. Colloid is water, filled with a lot of protein called thyroglobulin, which is made by the follicular cells. • TSH is what stimulates the ...
Andrew V. Schally - Nobel Lecture
... years earlier for porcine TRH (16), my enthusiasm for the program was rekindled and we intensified our efforts. Fortunately, since I thought that the amount of TRH originally isolated would be insufficient to allow complete determination of structure, I took the precaution of obtaining about five ad ...
... years earlier for porcine TRH (16), my enthusiasm for the program was rekindled and we intensified our efforts. Fortunately, since I thought that the amount of TRH originally isolated would be insufficient to allow complete determination of structure, I took the precaution of obtaining about five ad ...
Organization of brainstem nuclei
... zone (vestibular nuclei) dorsolaterally and terminating in a general motor efferent zone ventromedially (hypoglossal). Intervening in a dorsal-to-ventral sequence are the somatic afferent column (spinal nucleus of the trigeminal), the visceral afferent column (solitary nucleus and the dorsolateral s ...
... zone (vestibular nuclei) dorsolaterally and terminating in a general motor efferent zone ventromedially (hypoglossal). Intervening in a dorsal-to-ventral sequence are the somatic afferent column (spinal nucleus of the trigeminal), the visceral afferent column (solitary nucleus and the dorsolateral s ...
The supramammillary area: its organization, functions
... raphe serotonergic system and the coerulear noradrenergic system, SuM may have functional importance out of all proportion to its size. Its connection with the hippocampus is made early in primate development and it has been suggested that ‘‘the early ingrowth of the excitatory SuM–hippocampal syste ...
... raphe serotonergic system and the coerulear noradrenergic system, SuM may have functional importance out of all proportion to its size. Its connection with the hippocampus is made early in primate development and it has been suggested that ‘‘the early ingrowth of the excitatory SuM–hippocampal syste ...
Dokument_1 - KLUEDO - Technische Universität Kaiserslautern
... nuclei during development; the MNTB remained weakly labelled throughout the investigated period. In my opinion, this is due to a delay in the development of the inhibitory machinery in the MNTB in comparison to the other brain stem nuclei. ...
... nuclei during development; the MNTB remained weakly labelled throughout the investigated period. In my opinion, this is due to a delay in the development of the inhibitory machinery in the MNTB in comparison to the other brain stem nuclei. ...
Phylogenetic Distribution and Function of the Hypophysiotropic
... hypothalamus is under positive feedback control by thyroid hormone and that a gradually rising level of circulating thyroid hormone during prometamorphosis induces maturation of the hypothalamic tissue concerned with the synthesis of TRH. This positive feedback system results in the stimulation of t ...
... hypothalamus is under positive feedback control by thyroid hormone and that a gradually rising level of circulating thyroid hormone during prometamorphosis induces maturation of the hypothalamic tissue concerned with the synthesis of TRH. This positive feedback system results in the stimulation of t ...
NIH Toolbox Paternal Relationship Survey
... tools$that$can$be$used$by$researchers$and$clinicians$in$a$variety$of$settings,$with$a$particular$ emphasis$on$measuring$outcomes$in$longitudinal$epidemiologic$studies$and$prevention$or$ intervention$trials$across$the$lifespan$(ages$3R85).$The$battery$ensures$that$assessment$ methods$and$results$can$ ...
... tools$that$can$be$used$by$researchers$and$clinicians$in$a$variety$of$settings,$with$a$particular$ emphasis$on$measuring$outcomes$in$longitudinal$epidemiologic$studies$and$prevention$or$ intervention$trials$across$the$lifespan$(ages$3R85).$The$battery$ensures$that$assessment$ methods$and$results$can$ ...
Non-homologous chromosome synapsis during mouse meiosis
... In yeast, homologues are paired via multiple interstitial interactions in premeiotic cells and likely also in vegetative cells (Weiner and Kleckner, 1994). Intimate interstitial interactions are lost during premeiotic Sphase, though homologues may remain substantially colocalized. Then interactions ...
... In yeast, homologues are paired via multiple interstitial interactions in premeiotic cells and likely also in vegetative cells (Weiner and Kleckner, 1994). Intimate interstitial interactions are lost during premeiotic Sphase, though homologues may remain substantially colocalized. Then interactions ...
Morphometry of Sella Turcica in An Indian Population Using
... the diameter and height increased with age. They did not find any difference between males and females with respect to the depth and diameter of sella turcica. However, length was found to be larger in males [15]. Alkofide E et al., described the shape and measured the size of sella turcica in 180 S ...
... the diameter and height increased with age. They did not find any difference between males and females with respect to the depth and diameter of sella turcica. However, length was found to be larger in males [15]. Alkofide E et al., described the shape and measured the size of sella turcica in 180 S ...
to eat or to sleep? orexin in the regulation of feeding and wakefulness
... amino acid identity with their mammalian counterparts, especially at the carboxyl terminus (Figure 1; Shibahara et al 1999). A single gene composed of two exons and an intervening intron encodes the orexin neuropeptides. This structure is conserved within rodent and human genomes (Sakurai et al 1998 ...
... amino acid identity with their mammalian counterparts, especially at the carboxyl terminus (Figure 1; Shibahara et al 1999). A single gene composed of two exons and an intervening intron encodes the orexin neuropeptides. This structure is conserved within rodent and human genomes (Sakurai et al 1998 ...
Role of Thyroid Hormones in Human and Laboratory Animal
... ment and function (Jannini et al., 1995; Metz et al., 1996; Krassas, 2000). Specifically, numerous studies and reviews have evaluated the effect of thyroid hormones on proper development and function of human repro ductive tracts (Jannini et al., 1995; Krassas, 2000). Additionally, numerous studies ...
... ment and function (Jannini et al., 1995; Metz et al., 1996; Krassas, 2000). Specifically, numerous studies and reviews have evaluated the effect of thyroid hormones on proper development and function of human repro ductive tracts (Jannini et al., 1995; Krassas, 2000). Additionally, numerous studies ...
Thyroid Hormone, Metabolism and the Brain
... organ. This notion is in line with the well-known psychomotor and cognitive dysfunction often observed in adult-onset thyroid disorders, especially hypothyroidism (8). By use of radio-labeled iodothyronines, the group of dr. M.B. Dratman showed for the first time that THs can be transported across t ...
... organ. This notion is in line with the well-known psychomotor and cognitive dysfunction often observed in adult-onset thyroid disorders, especially hypothyroidism (8). By use of radio-labeled iodothyronines, the group of dr. M.B. Dratman showed for the first time that THs can be transported across t ...
Get PDF - IOS Press
... conditions of cytokine excess [2]. Proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1 (IL-1), tumor necrosis factor-␣ (TNF-␣) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) and other chemical mediators produced in the immune systems also affect neuronal activities. Cytokines and their receptors are expressed in the nervou ...
... conditions of cytokine excess [2]. Proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1 (IL-1), tumor necrosis factor-␣ (TNF-␣) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) and other chemical mediators produced in the immune systems also affect neuronal activities. Cytokines and their receptors are expressed in the nervou ...
... were compared among the groups (fig. 2). In the OV+ BCG group (fig. 2b), diffuse, mature, epithelioid-cell granulomas can be seen, whereas in the lung tissue specimens from the SHAM+BCG group, epithelioid-cell granulomas were sparse and less well-developed (fig. 2c). Further, in the groups supplemen ...
Chapter 3 Two parts of nucleus prepositus hypoglossi project to two
... spinal cord (Mantyh, 1982; Bjorkeland and Boivie, 1984; Bandler and Tork, 1987; Yezierski and Mendez, 1991; Herbert and Saper, 1992; Mouton and Holstege, 2000). In turn, the PAG projects very strongly to the ventromedial tegmentum of caudal pons and medulla, with neurons that project to dorsal and v ...
... spinal cord (Mantyh, 1982; Bjorkeland and Boivie, 1984; Bandler and Tork, 1987; Yezierski and Mendez, 1991; Herbert and Saper, 1992; Mouton and Holstege, 2000). In turn, the PAG projects very strongly to the ventromedial tegmentum of caudal pons and medulla, with neurons that project to dorsal and v ...