Igneous Rocks Definition of Igneous Rocks
... – Granitic magmas are more viscous than other magmas— magmas—tend to lose their mobility before reaching the surface. – Produce large plutonic structures ...
... – Granitic magmas are more viscous than other magmas— magmas—tend to lose their mobility before reaching the surface. – Produce large plutonic structures ...
geol_exam2review
... What is the difference between euhedral crystals and massive crystals? How are minerals classified? What are the main characteristics of silicate minerals? Know some examples. What are the main characteristics of nonsilicatae minerals? Know some examples. How are silicate minerals classified? Know t ...
... What is the difference between euhedral crystals and massive crystals? How are minerals classified? What are the main characteristics of silicate minerals? Know some examples. What are the main characteristics of nonsilicatae minerals? Know some examples. How are silicate minerals classified? Know t ...
Classification of Igneous Rocks
... Phaneritic: rocks with mineral grains that are large enough to be identified by eye. Slowly cooled intrusive rocks. Aphanitic: rocks with grain too small to be identified by eye. Rapidly solidified extruded magma and marginal facies of shallow intrusions. Porphyritic- bimodal grain size distribution ...
... Phaneritic: rocks with mineral grains that are large enough to be identified by eye. Slowly cooled intrusive rocks. Aphanitic: rocks with grain too small to be identified by eye. Rapidly solidified extruded magma and marginal facies of shallow intrusions. Porphyritic- bimodal grain size distribution ...
Ch3_Igneous
... – Solids, if any, are silicate minerals that have already crystallized from the melt – Volatiles, which are gases dissolved in the melt, including water vapor (H2O), carbon dioxide (CO2), and sulfur dioxide (SO2) ...
... – Solids, if any, are silicate minerals that have already crystallized from the melt – Volatiles, which are gases dissolved in the melt, including water vapor (H2O), carbon dioxide (CO2), and sulfur dioxide (SO2) ...
Intrusive and Extrusive Igneous Rocks
... Igneous rocks are called extrusive when they cool and solidify above the surface. These rocks usually form from a volcano, so they are also called volcanic rocks ( Figure 1.3). Extrusive igneous rocks cool much more rapidly than intrusive rocks. There is little time for crystals to form, so extrusiv ...
... Igneous rocks are called extrusive when they cool and solidify above the surface. These rocks usually form from a volcano, so they are also called volcanic rocks ( Figure 1.3). Extrusive igneous rocks cool much more rapidly than intrusive rocks. There is little time for crystals to form, so extrusiv ...
Equilibration in Metamorphic Rocks
... through increasing grade. Contact metamorphism in a plutonic setting is a good example. ...
... through increasing grade. Contact metamorphism in a plutonic setting is a good example. ...
Extrusive Igneous Rocks, part 1
... Valley. These rocks formed as lavas, shallow intrusions, and volcanic ash deposits. Most volcanic rocks are resistant to erosion and form Basalt with columnar jointing, prominent hills in the Fraser near Whistler, British Columbia Valley ...
... Valley. These rocks formed as lavas, shallow intrusions, and volcanic ash deposits. Most volcanic rocks are resistant to erosion and form Basalt with columnar jointing, prominent hills in the Fraser near Whistler, British Columbia Valley ...
Extrusive Igneous Rocks, part 1
... Valley. These rocks formed as lavas, shallow intrusions, and volcanic ash deposits. Most volcanic rocks are resistant to erosion and form Basalt with columnar jointing, prominent hills in the Fraser near Whistler, British Columbia Valley ...
... Valley. These rocks formed as lavas, shallow intrusions, and volcanic ash deposits. Most volcanic rocks are resistant to erosion and form Basalt with columnar jointing, prominent hills in the Fraser near Whistler, British Columbia Valley ...
Lab 4 - Basalt, Diabase, Andesite, Dacite
... Valley. These rocks formed as lavas, shallow intrusions, and volcanic ash deposits. Most volcanic rocks are resistant to erosion and form Basalt with columnar jointing, prominent hills in the Fraser near Whistler, British Columbia Valley ...
... Valley. These rocks formed as lavas, shallow intrusions, and volcanic ash deposits. Most volcanic rocks are resistant to erosion and form Basalt with columnar jointing, prominent hills in the Fraser near Whistler, British Columbia Valley ...
Comparing and contrasting Cretaceous brittle deformation structures
... carried out by remote sensing using digital aerial and satellite images. The fractal analysis conducted within the HOD indicates a fractal dimension of Df =1.7, while analysis of the TMG and GVS joint systems indicates an averaged fractal dimension of Df=1.8. For that reason it appears that analysed ...
... carried out by remote sensing using digital aerial and satellite images. The fractal analysis conducted within the HOD indicates a fractal dimension of Df =1.7, while analysis of the TMG and GVS joint systems indicates an averaged fractal dimension of Df=1.8. For that reason it appears that analysed ...
Intrusive and Extrusive Igneous Rocks
... Igneous rocks make up most of the rocks on Earth. Most igneous rocks are buried below the surface and covered with sedimentary rock, or are buried beneath the ocean water. In some places, geological processes have brought igneous rocks to the surface. Figure 1.2 shows a landscape in California’s Sie ...
... Igneous rocks make up most of the rocks on Earth. Most igneous rocks are buried below the surface and covered with sedimentary rock, or are buried beneath the ocean water. In some places, geological processes have brought igneous rocks to the surface. Figure 1.2 shows a landscape in California’s Sie ...
Intrusive and Extrusive Igneous Rocks - cK-12
... chance to grow. Intrusive igneous rocks have relatively large crystals that are easy to see. Intrusive igneous rocks are also called plutonic. A pluton is an igneous rock body that forms within the crust. Granite is the most common intrusive igneous rock. Pictured below are four types of intrusive r ...
... chance to grow. Intrusive igneous rocks have relatively large crystals that are easy to see. Intrusive igneous rocks are also called plutonic. A pluton is an igneous rock body that forms within the crust. Granite is the most common intrusive igneous rock. Pictured below are four types of intrusive r ...
Preliminary geochemical data for dolerite dykes and sills of the
... The dykes are hypo- to holocrystalline with intergranular, ophitic, poikilophitic, or hyalophitic textures. Some samples are aphyric but most are sparsely phyric and the proportion of phenocrysts seldom exceeds 10%. Grain size and the proportion of glass in the sample depends on the size of the intr ...
... The dykes are hypo- to holocrystalline with intergranular, ophitic, poikilophitic, or hyalophitic textures. Some samples are aphyric but most are sparsely phyric and the proportion of phenocrysts seldom exceeds 10%. Grain size and the proportion of glass in the sample depends on the size of the intr ...
Igneous rocks
... Because each of the minerals has a specific composition that is different from the chemical composition of the magma as a whole, the crystallization of minerals changes the composition of the remaining liquid. This process, called fractional crystallization, allows magmas to change in composition, c ...
... Because each of the minerals has a specific composition that is different from the chemical composition of the magma as a whole, the crystallization of minerals changes the composition of the remaining liquid. This process, called fractional crystallization, allows magmas to change in composition, c ...
Igneous Rocks
... Diorite is a plutonic rock that is something between a granite and a gabbro. It consists mostly of white plagioclase feldspar and black hornblende. Unlike granite, diorite has no or very little quartz or alkali feldspar; unlike gabbro it is fairly light colored—half black and half white—and under th ...
... Diorite is a plutonic rock that is something between a granite and a gabbro. It consists mostly of white plagioclase feldspar and black hornblende. Unlike granite, diorite has no or very little quartz or alkali feldspar; unlike gabbro it is fairly light colored—half black and half white—and under th ...
Powerpoint Presentation Physical Geology, 10/e
... Minerals crystallize in a predictable order (and melt in the reverse order), over a large temperature range, as described by Bowen’s Reaction Series Discontinuous branch ...
... Minerals crystallize in a predictable order (and melt in the reverse order), over a large temperature range, as described by Bowen’s Reaction Series Discontinuous branch ...
Magma Emplacement Room Problem How to Accommodate Plutons
... • Dilatant faults zones • Bends in a fault zone • Hinge zones of folds • Domains of extension in a compressive regime ...
... • Dilatant faults zones • Bends in a fault zone • Hinge zones of folds • Domains of extension in a compressive regime ...
Large Igneous Provinces: Origin and Environmental Consequences
... suggests that the amount of uplift above a plume may be small, or absent, in some circumstances. If mantle plumes or impacts are not the main generators, what other mechanisms may be responsible for LIP formation? King and Anderson (1995) noted that many continental flood basalt provinces lie close ...
... suggests that the amount of uplift above a plume may be small, or absent, in some circumstances. If mantle plumes or impacts are not the main generators, what other mechanisms may be responsible for LIP formation? King and Anderson (1995) noted that many continental flood basalt provinces lie close ...
Chapter 3 Lecture PowerPoint Handout
... • Interactions between mantle-derived basaltic magmas and more silica-rich rocks in the crust generate magma of andesitic composition • Common at convergent plate boundaries • Andesitic magma may also evolve by magmatic differentiation ...
... • Interactions between mantle-derived basaltic magmas and more silica-rich rocks in the crust generate magma of andesitic composition • Common at convergent plate boundaries • Andesitic magma may also evolve by magmatic differentiation ...
ISL#11
... One line of evidence for the theory of plate tectonics is the pattern of volcanic activity around the Earth’s surface. Volcanism tends to occur around the margins of tectonic plates. All volcanic activity involves molten magma moving from the mantle into the crust and subsequently solidifying into r ...
... One line of evidence for the theory of plate tectonics is the pattern of volcanic activity around the Earth’s surface. Volcanism tends to occur around the margins of tectonic plates. All volcanic activity involves molten magma moving from the mantle into the crust and subsequently solidifying into r ...
IM_chapter4 Igneous Rocks
... LO3 Identify and classify igneous rocks by their characteristics LO4 Recognize intrusive igneous bodies, or plutons LO5 Explain how batholiths intruded into Earth’s crust ...
... LO3 Identify and classify igneous rocks by their characteristics LO4 Recognize intrusive igneous bodies, or plutons LO5 Explain how batholiths intruded into Earth’s crust ...
Igneous
... Evolution of magmas • Partial melting and magma formation • Incomplete melting of rocks is known as partial melting • Formation of basaltic magmas – Most originate from partial melting of ultramafic rock in the mantle – Basaltic magmas form at mid-ocean ridges by decompression melting of rising man ...
... Evolution of magmas • Partial melting and magma formation • Incomplete melting of rocks is known as partial melting • Formation of basaltic magmas – Most originate from partial melting of ultramafic rock in the mantle – Basaltic magmas form at mid-ocean ridges by decompression melting of rising man ...
Role of Fluids in Igneous Petrogenesis
... The formation of igneous rocks is the culmination of a sequence of events initiated by prograde heating of the protolith and followed by formation of a grain–boundary melt, melt segregation into a vein network, ascent of the melt through the network, and finally, crystallization of the melt (intrusi ...
... The formation of igneous rocks is the culmination of a sequence of events initiated by prograde heating of the protolith and followed by formation of a grain–boundary melt, melt segregation into a vein network, ascent of the melt through the network, and finally, crystallization of the melt (intrusi ...
Mackenzie Large Igneous Province
The Mackenzie Large Igneous Province (MLIP) is a major Mesoproterozoic large igneous province of the southwestern, western and northwestern Canadian Shield in Canada. It consists of a group of related igneous rocks that were formed during a massive igneous event starting about 1,270 million years ago. The large igneous province extends from the Arctic in Nunavut to near the Great Lakes in Northwestern Ontario where it meets with the smaller Matachewan dike swarm. Included in the Mackenzie Large Igneous Province are the large Muskox layered intrusion, the Coppermine River flood basalt sequence and the massive northwesterly trending Mackenzie dike swarm.As a large igneous province, it is an extremely large area of related igneous rocks that were emplaced over an extremely short geological time span. The igneous rocks comprising the Mackenzie Large Igneous Province originated from processes not associated with normal plate tectonics and seafloor spreading. It is one of the several large igneous provinces scattered throughout the Canadian landscape, which can be thousands of kilometres in volume and area. The Mackenzie Large Igneous Province is also one of the largest Proterozoic magmatic provinces on Earth, as well as the world's largest and best-preserved continental flood basalt terrain. Igneous rocks of the Mackenzie Large Igneous Province are generally mafic in composition, including basalt and gabbro.Even though the Mackenzie Large Igneous Province is classified as a large igneous province like other extremely large accumulations of igneous rocks on Earth, it is much larger than large igneous province standards. The standard size classification for large igneous provinces is a minimum areal extent of 100,000 km2 (39,000 sq mi). However, the Mackenzie dike swarm itself occupies an area of at least 2,700,000 km2 (1,000,000 sq mi), making the Mackenzie Large Igneous Province larger than the Ontong Java Plateau in the southwestern Pacific Ocean and the U.S. state of Alaska.