Identification of a Chloroplast-encoded 9-kDa
... involvement of at least five different electron acceptors denoted A,, AI, X, B, and A (1-3). Whereas spectrophotophysical techniques have been very useful in detecting these acceptors in complex preparations, the same techniques are of limited value in determining the identity of the chemical struct ...
... involvement of at least five different electron acceptors denoted A,, AI, X, B, and A (1-3). Whereas spectrophotophysical techniques have been very useful in detecting these acceptors in complex preparations, the same techniques are of limited value in determining the identity of the chemical struct ...
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... Bcl2), on the other hand, share functional domains with homologs that lack binding sites for PP1, which indicates that these sites were acquired later in evolution by proteins with an originally unrelated function. Some PP1 interactors appear to have evolved late in the evolution of a particular euk ...
... Bcl2), on the other hand, share functional domains with homologs that lack binding sites for PP1, which indicates that these sites were acquired later in evolution by proteins with an originally unrelated function. Some PP1 interactors appear to have evolved late in the evolution of a particular euk ...
Recoding the Genetic Code with Selenocysteine
... proteome contains many essential modified proteins that culture) leads to fourfold higher yield of pure selenoprotein arise by posttranslational modification (PTM), and mismodicompared to the UGA-encoded selenoenzyme (0.9 mg L 1 fied proteins may lead to defects in cellular signaling and culture). T ...
... proteome contains many essential modified proteins that culture) leads to fourfold higher yield of pure selenoprotein arise by posttranslational modification (PTM), and mismodicompared to the UGA-encoded selenoenzyme (0.9 mg L 1 fied proteins may lead to defects in cellular signaling and culture). T ...
Biopathways Representation and Simulation on Hybrid Functional
... order to show the effectiveness of Genomic Object Net for representing and simulating biopathways, we show some typical biopathway modelings related to gene regulation (switching mechanism of λ phage, circadian rhythm of Drosophila, lacoperon regulatory mechanism of E. coli), metabolic pathway (glyco ...
... order to show the effectiveness of Genomic Object Net for representing and simulating biopathways, we show some typical biopathway modelings related to gene regulation (switching mechanism of λ phage, circadian rhythm of Drosophila, lacoperon regulatory mechanism of E. coli), metabolic pathway (glyco ...
Isoelectric point prediction from the amino acid sequence of a protein
... commonly found for these side chains when they are part of a protein. The pKA values for these side chains may be quite different for the free amino acid in solution. pKA values also depend on ...
... commonly found for these side chains when they are part of a protein. The pKA values for these side chains may be quite different for the free amino acid in solution. pKA values also depend on ...
Metabolism of sucrose and its five isomers by
... FK. Activity was determined in a similar mixture to that used for S6PH, containing 10 mM fructose as substrate, 3 U G6PDH and 5 U phosphoglucose isomerase. Phospho-α-glucosidase (MalH). Activity was determined by two methods in which either chromogenic analogues or phosphorylated disaccharides serve ...
... FK. Activity was determined in a similar mixture to that used for S6PH, containing 10 mM fructose as substrate, 3 U G6PDH and 5 U phosphoglucose isomerase. Phospho-α-glucosidase (MalH). Activity was determined by two methods in which either chromogenic analogues or phosphorylated disaccharides serve ...
Evolution of b-type cytochromes in prokaryotes
... Figure S4: Multiple sequence alignment of eukaryotic and prokaryotic cytochrome b561. The alignment, including 22 eukaryotic cytochrome b561 (K08360) and 61 prokaryotic cytochrome b561 (K12262) sequences (dataset as in Figure 4), was generated using Muscle, and visualized in Jalview. The four helice ...
... Figure S4: Multiple sequence alignment of eukaryotic and prokaryotic cytochrome b561. The alignment, including 22 eukaryotic cytochrome b561 (K08360) and 61 prokaryotic cytochrome b561 (K12262) sequences (dataset as in Figure 4), was generated using Muscle, and visualized in Jalview. The four helice ...
Measurement of apolipoprotein E and amyloid β clearance rates in
... buffer, and the protein of interest was immunoprecipitated from the brain lysate (apoE is shown as an example). The precipitated proteins were then eluted from the antibody beads and subjected to trypsin digestion. The resulting peptide mixture was separated and analyzed via ultra performance liquid ...
... buffer, and the protein of interest was immunoprecipitated from the brain lysate (apoE is shown as an example). The precipitated proteins were then eluted from the antibody beads and subjected to trypsin digestion. The resulting peptide mixture was separated and analyzed via ultra performance liquid ...
Protein Synthesis in Cell-Free Reticulocyte Lysates on Multi
... INTRODqCTION The in vitro, cell-free synthesis of proteins is a much more difficult enterprise than in vivo synthesis using recombinant DNA technology, but it is a technique of real potential utility for the synthesis of proteins containing labeled or unnatural aminoacids, and for synthesis of prote ...
... INTRODqCTION The in vitro, cell-free synthesis of proteins is a much more difficult enterprise than in vivo synthesis using recombinant DNA technology, but it is a technique of real potential utility for the synthesis of proteins containing labeled or unnatural aminoacids, and for synthesis of prote ...
Chemistry 433 BIOCHEMISTRY LABORATORY MANUAL
... The purpose of a biochemistry laboratory notebook is to allow anyone with some biochemical knowledge to understand exactly what you did. You need to record the procedures in sufficient detail so as to be able to repeat them, and you must be able to understand exactly what your results were. You will ...
... The purpose of a biochemistry laboratory notebook is to allow anyone with some biochemical knowledge to understand exactly what you did. You need to record the procedures in sufficient detail so as to be able to repeat them, and you must be able to understand exactly what your results were. You will ...
Gluconeogenesis Glycogen metabolism
... 1 Carboxylation of pyruvate to oxaloacetate In the mitochondria of liver and kidney cells, pyruvate is carboxylated. Carboxybiotin is the donor of carboxyl group: ...
... 1 Carboxylation of pyruvate to oxaloacetate In the mitochondria of liver and kidney cells, pyruvate is carboxylated. Carboxybiotin is the donor of carboxyl group: ...
and Rhizobiales-Like PPP-Family Protein Phosphatases from
... phosphatase expression in, and purification from, Escherichia coli revealed unique biochemical characteristics including a complete insensitivity to PPP-family protein phosphatase inhibitors okadaic acid and microcystin-LR, as well as diversity in their phosphorylated substrate specificities. Bioinf ...
... phosphatase expression in, and purification from, Escherichia coli revealed unique biochemical characteristics including a complete insensitivity to PPP-family protein phosphatase inhibitors okadaic acid and microcystin-LR, as well as diversity in their phosphorylated substrate specificities. Bioinf ...
p62/SQSTM1 Binds Directly to Atg8/LC3 to Facilitate Degradation of
... Recently, the term ALIS (aggresome-like induced structures) was used to describe ubiquitin-containing bodies induced in response to various stressors, including amino acid starvation, oxidative stress, and puromycin (17). ALIS refers to DALIS (dendritic cell aggresome-like induced structures) origin ...
... Recently, the term ALIS (aggresome-like induced structures) was used to describe ubiquitin-containing bodies induced in response to various stressors, including amino acid starvation, oxidative stress, and puromycin (17). ALIS refers to DALIS (dendritic cell aggresome-like induced structures) origin ...
Spring mechanics of α-helical polypeptide
... molecules and to design nano-mechanical devices based on protein chemistry. One of the simplest and best studied of such mechanical elements is the α-helix of polypeptides. The helical behavior of poly-amino acids in aqueous solutions in the absence of tertiary interactions has been intensely studie ...
... molecules and to design nano-mechanical devices based on protein chemistry. One of the simplest and best studied of such mechanical elements is the α-helix of polypeptides. The helical behavior of poly-amino acids in aqueous solutions in the absence of tertiary interactions has been intensely studie ...
The initiation phase of protein synthesis in eukaryotes
... protein kinase-1(MNK1; also called MAP kinase signal-integrating kinase). MNK1 was identified independently by two groups as a substrate for ERK1 and ...
... protein kinase-1(MNK1; also called MAP kinase signal-integrating kinase). MNK1 was identified independently by two groups as a substrate for ERK1 and ...
Carbamoyl Phosphate Synthetase: Closure of the B
... closed conformation as observed for the same motif in the related structure of D:alanine D:alanine ligase (12). The B-domain of the carbamoyl phosphate synthetic unit, however, was “more open” with several surface loops disordered as can be seen in Figure 2a. The openings and closings of these B-dom ...
... closed conformation as observed for the same motif in the related structure of D:alanine D:alanine ligase (12). The B-domain of the carbamoyl phosphate synthetic unit, however, was “more open” with several surface loops disordered as can be seen in Figure 2a. The openings and closings of these B-dom ...
Basic Science for Clinicians
... regulates a limited number of enzymes that are involved in metabolic pathways responsible for cellular energy generation (Figure 1). For instance, AMP activates glycogen phosphorylase, which releases stored glucose from glycogen, an important source of energy when fuel oxidation is impaired during i ...
... regulates a limited number of enzymes that are involved in metabolic pathways responsible for cellular energy generation (Figure 1). For instance, AMP activates glycogen phosphorylase, which releases stored glucose from glycogen, an important source of energy when fuel oxidation is impaired during i ...
Capping protein: new insights into mechanism
... S100B should bind to whole wild-type CP in solution. No such interaction has been observed in several in vitro physical binding and functional assays carried out with high concentrations of protein under conditions in which S100B binds tightly to the 12- and 28-residue a-subunit peptides and to dena ...
... S100B should bind to whole wild-type CP in solution. No such interaction has been observed in several in vitro physical binding and functional assays carried out with high concentrations of protein under conditions in which S100B binds tightly to the 12- and 28-residue a-subunit peptides and to dena ...
22: Peptides, Proteins, and α
... C-terminal amino acids of shortened chains formed during the analysis procedure may cleave more rapidly than those of the original polypeptide. This can quickly complicate the reaction mixture with a variety of individual amino acids and shortened peptide chains. Aminopeptidase enzymes similarly ope ...
... C-terminal amino acids of shortened chains formed during the analysis procedure may cleave more rapidly than those of the original polypeptide. This can quickly complicate the reaction mixture with a variety of individual amino acids and shortened peptide chains. Aminopeptidase enzymes similarly ope ...
Assigned Reading
... molecules will explain the makeup of cells, tissues, organs, physiological systems, and intact organisms. In fact, making a cell requires two other major classes of molecules: lipids and carbohydrates. These molecules can serve as intermediates in generating energy and as signaling effectors, recogn ...
... molecules will explain the makeup of cells, tissues, organs, physiological systems, and intact organisms. In fact, making a cell requires two other major classes of molecules: lipids and carbohydrates. These molecules can serve as intermediates in generating energy and as signaling effectors, recogn ...
Document
... Core and Reg. Core subunits, respectively, are modified (Cell 115, 715; BBRC 312,1284) Regulator of Gibberellic Acid Signaling in Plants-OGT=Spy; Secret Agent Blocks Insulin Signaling and OGT Over-Expression in Muscle or Adipose Causes Diabetes in ...
... Core and Reg. Core subunits, respectively, are modified (Cell 115, 715; BBRC 312,1284) Regulator of Gibberellic Acid Signaling in Plants-OGT=Spy; Secret Agent Blocks Insulin Signaling and OGT Over-Expression in Muscle or Adipose Causes Diabetes in ...
A Chemical Approach To Illustrate the Principal of Signal
... In nature, cellular functions are propagated by cascades of molecules, which interact with one another for signal transduction. Generally, the sequential process is initiated by the binding of an extracellular signal to a receptor culminating in one or more specific cellular responses In this way, a ...
... In nature, cellular functions are propagated by cascades of molecules, which interact with one another for signal transduction. Generally, the sequential process is initiated by the binding of an extracellular signal to a receptor culminating in one or more specific cellular responses In this way, a ...
Progesterone-stimulated intracellular calcium increase in human
... Dipartimento di Fisiopatologia Clinica, Unità di Andrologia, Università di Firenze, viale Pieraccini 6, I-50139 Firenze, Italy 1To ...
... Dipartimento di Fisiopatologia Clinica, Unità di Andrologia, Università di Firenze, viale Pieraccini 6, I-50139 Firenze, Italy 1To ...
Protein–protein interaction
Protein–protein interactions (PPIs) refer to physical contacts established between two or more proteins as a result of biochemical events and/or electrostatic forces.In fact, proteins are vital macromolecules, at both cellular and systemic levels, but they rarely act alone. Diverse essential molecular processes within a cell are carried out by molecular machines that are built from a large number of protein components organized by their PPIs. Indeed, these interactions are at the core of the entire interactomics system of any living cell and so, unsurprisingly, aberrant PPIs are on the basis of multiple diseases, such as Creutzfeld-Jacob, Alzheimer's disease, and cancer.PPIs have been studied from different perspectives: biochemistry, quantum chemistry, molecular dynamics, signal transduction, among others. All this information enables the creation of large protein interaction networks – similar to metabolic or genetic/epigenetic networks – that empower the current knowledge on biochemical cascades and disease pathogenesis, as well as provide putative new therapeutic targets.