11Climate Change
... and coastlines. Permafrost thaw also leads to the decay of soil material, a process that releases vast amounts of carbon, in the form of the greenhouse gases carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4), into the atmosphere (Figure GN 11.1). Carbon in Permafrost Soils Permafrost is, by definition, soil a ...
... and coastlines. Permafrost thaw also leads to the decay of soil material, a process that releases vast amounts of carbon, in the form of the greenhouse gases carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4), into the atmosphere (Figure GN 11.1). Carbon in Permafrost Soils Permafrost is, by definition, soil a ...
Field Survey of Vulnerable Glacial Lakes in Kangchenjunga
... It is generally accepted that many glaciers throughout the world including Nepal are thinning as a result of climate warming and change in precipitation pattern. Over the past few decades, human activity has significantly altered the atmospheric composition, leading to climate change of an unprecede ...
... It is generally accepted that many glaciers throughout the world including Nepal are thinning as a result of climate warming and change in precipitation pattern. Over the past few decades, human activity has significantly altered the atmospheric composition, leading to climate change of an unprecede ...
Mechanisms for millennial-scale global synchronization during the
... which mostly affect the North Atlantic region. The model is freely available from http://www.knmi.nl/onderzk/CKO/ ecbilt.html. In the standard model setup an imbalance in the global, interannual freshwater budget is compensated globally for numerical reasons. However, in our experiment the imbalance ...
... which mostly affect the North Atlantic region. The model is freely available from http://www.knmi.nl/onderzk/CKO/ ecbilt.html. In the standard model setup an imbalance in the global, interannual freshwater budget is compensated globally for numerical reasons. However, in our experiment the imbalance ...
Long-Term Climate Change - Ontario Power Generation
... evolution and the future performance of the proposed Deep Geologic Repository (DGR) project for L&ILW within the Paleozoic sedimentary sequence beneath the Bruce nuclear site, near Tiverton, Ontario. In this report a review is first provided of what is currently known concerning the geologically rec ...
... evolution and the future performance of the proposed Deep Geologic Repository (DGR) project for L&ILW within the Paleozoic sedimentary sequence beneath the Bruce nuclear site, near Tiverton, Ontario. In this report a review is first provided of what is currently known concerning the geologically rec ...
Earth`s Climate System
... Some are located in polar regions and are dry, with relatively little ice or snow – polar deserts Some are found on the downwind side of a mountain range where the rainshadow effect has depleted air of its moisture before it descends down the landward side – rainshadow deserts Deserts don't have to ...
... Some are located in polar regions and are dry, with relatively little ice or snow – polar deserts Some are found on the downwind side of a mountain range where the rainshadow effect has depleted air of its moisture before it descends down the landward side – rainshadow deserts Deserts don't have to ...
Global Climatic Variation and Energy Use
... The oceans and terrestrial biosphere exchange about 160 Giga tons (Gt) of C according to the IIRC with the atmosphere each year. This is about one fifth of the atmospheric reservoir. So the residence time or the amount of time a molecule of CO2 remains in the atmosphere before being taken up by the ...
... The oceans and terrestrial biosphere exchange about 160 Giga tons (Gt) of C according to the IIRC with the atmosphere each year. This is about one fifth of the atmospheric reservoir. So the residence time or the amount of time a molecule of CO2 remains in the atmosphere before being taken up by the ...
Greenhouse warming by nitrous oxide and methane in the
... 2006), the ocean chemistry would have begun shifting from the anoxic, iron-rich waters of the Archean to the chemically stratified and euxinic oceans of the Proterozoic (Canfield, 1998; Anbar & Knoll, 2002). Sulfate produced from oxidative weathering of sulfide minerals on the continents was reduced ...
... 2006), the ocean chemistry would have begun shifting from the anoxic, iron-rich waters of the Archean to the chemically stratified and euxinic oceans of the Proterozoic (Canfield, 1998; Anbar & Knoll, 2002). Sulfate produced from oxidative weathering of sulfide minerals on the continents was reduced ...
Bytes of Note: Climate Change and the Cryosphere
... The cryosphere is the frozen-water component of the Earth system, comprising snow, ice, and permafrost. It sculpts the Earth’s surface, leaving distinctive landforms as evidence of past glacial conditions. It also affects and is affected by a range of atmospheric processes: a blanket of snow makes t ...
... The cryosphere is the frozen-water component of the Earth system, comprising snow, ice, and permafrost. It sculpts the Earth’s surface, leaving distinctive landforms as evidence of past glacial conditions. It also affects and is affected by a range of atmospheric processes: a blanket of snow makes t ...
Biomes_Notes_from_Online-Long_Version
... that change the composition of the Earth’s atmosphere and land surface. The debate about global warming and climate change centers on these factors. Some people think that climate change is caused by natural processes and is cyclical. Others think that human activities (for example, burning fossil f ...
... that change the composition of the Earth’s atmosphere and land surface. The debate about global warming and climate change centers on these factors. Some people think that climate change is caused by natural processes and is cyclical. Others think that human activities (for example, burning fossil f ...
A human-induced hothouse climate?
... geologically brief (<1 Ma) excursions from greenhouse to hothouse climate in the Phanerozoic (Table 1). These include the PETM and some oceanic anoxic event (OAE) pulses (e.g., Leckie et al., 2002), many of which are interpreted as warming intervals (e.g., Jenkyns, 2003) and have also been linked to ...
... geologically brief (<1 Ma) excursions from greenhouse to hothouse climate in the Phanerozoic (Table 1). These include the PETM and some oceanic anoxic event (OAE) pulses (e.g., Leckie et al., 2002), many of which are interpreted as warming intervals (e.g., Jenkyns, 2003) and have also been linked to ...
Impact of Antarctic regional warming: Sea level rise from
... response of the Filchner–Ronne ice basin is not dominated by ice instability and follows the strength of the forcing quasi-linearly. We find that the ice loss reduces after each pulse of projected warm water intrusion. The long-term sea-level contribution is approximately proportional to the total s ...
... response of the Filchner–Ronne ice basin is not dominated by ice instability and follows the strength of the forcing quasi-linearly. We find that the ice loss reduces after each pulse of projected warm water intrusion. The long-term sea-level contribution is approximately proportional to the total s ...
cryospheric research with SAR and InSAR
... SAR has unique capabilities that make it especially well-suited to high latitude studies, including the ability to observe at fine resolution even during the long winter periods and in all weather conditions plus rapid-repeat and broad coverage due to the convergence of orbits from a polar-orbiting ...
... SAR has unique capabilities that make it especially well-suited to high latitude studies, including the ability to observe at fine resolution even during the long winter periods and in all weather conditions plus rapid-repeat and broad coverage due to the convergence of orbits from a polar-orbiting ...
Glacier response to climate change
... one patch of ice as a benchmark for regional climate change. Most of the small, steep alpine glaciers respond quickly, rolling a wave of newly gained ice down to their terminus to appear as an advance in 5 to 15 years. Franz Josef and Fox, two of the large glaciers in the Southern Alps, are also exc ...
... one patch of ice as a benchmark for regional climate change. Most of the small, steep alpine glaciers respond quickly, rolling a wave of newly gained ice down to their terminus to appear as an advance in 5 to 15 years. Franz Josef and Fox, two of the large glaciers in the Southern Alps, are also exc ...
PHYS575 Syllabus - Atmospheric Physics 1
... you are responsible for a task, you will perform that task. When you rely on someone else’s work in an aspect of the performance of that task, you will give full credit in the proper, accepted form. Another aspect of academic integrity is the free play of ideas. Vigorous discussion and debate are en ...
... you are responsible for a task, you will perform that task. When you rely on someone else’s work in an aspect of the performance of that task, you will give full credit in the proper, accepted form. Another aspect of academic integrity is the free play of ideas. Vigorous discussion and debate are en ...
Abrupt Younger Dryas cooling in the northern tropics recorded in
... should improve our scientific knowledge of the mechanisms that drove abrupt global temperature shifts during the late Glacial stage. The pattern of low latitude atmospheric changes during the YD and the connection to high latitude temperature shifts is currently unclear. This is in-part because tropi ...
... should improve our scientific knowledge of the mechanisms that drove abrupt global temperature shifts during the late Glacial stage. The pattern of low latitude atmospheric changes during the YD and the connection to high latitude temperature shifts is currently unclear. This is in-part because tropi ...
Earth System
... Global Change Geology verifies that the Earth constantly changes. Why does it constantly change? ...
... Global Change Geology verifies that the Earth constantly changes. Why does it constantly change? ...
Rapid response of silicate weathering rates to climate change in the
... samples located at significant depths (9 m on average), whereas soil development (if any) was restricted to the upper 2 m. Furthermore, all selected samples derive from undisturbed stratigraphic sections, with no sign of post-depositional alteration (Supplementary Information). (iii) If post-deposit ...
... samples located at significant depths (9 m on average), whereas soil development (if any) was restricted to the upper 2 m. Furthermore, all selected samples derive from undisturbed stratigraphic sections, with no sign of post-depositional alteration (Supplementary Information). (iii) If post-deposit ...
Understanding Climate Induced Changes in Arctic Ice
... few locations around the ~80° north latitude to quantify the changes in temperature and sea ice extent and rates of these changes. 3. Predict future changes in surface air temperature with a Global Climate Change Model and infer how sea ice might continue to change. Students access an IPCC web site ...
... few locations around the ~80° north latitude to quantify the changes in temperature and sea ice extent and rates of these changes. 3. Predict future changes in surface air temperature with a Global Climate Change Model and infer how sea ice might continue to change. Students access an IPCC web site ...
Gaia and natural selection
... lower solar luminosity38. Biogenic methane may then have contributed significantly to the atmospheric greenhouse effect1,38,39. Precambrian glaciations appear to have been rare, although glaciation may have occurred at equatorial latitudes at ,0.7 Gyr and ,2.2 Gyr ago40. Recovery of a habitable clim ...
... lower solar luminosity38. Biogenic methane may then have contributed significantly to the atmospheric greenhouse effect1,38,39. Precambrian glaciations appear to have been rare, although glaciation may have occurred at equatorial latitudes at ,0.7 Gyr and ,2.2 Gyr ago40. Recovery of a habitable clim ...
Inventory of glaciers and glacial lakes and the identification of
... Glaciers are nature’s valuable source of fresh water in the form of frozen reservoirs from which large amounts of melt ice release to many of the major rivers of the Hindu Kush– Himalaya (HKH) (Xu Jianchu et.al. 2007; Zemp, M., et. al., 2007). They supply water for drinking, and the needs of agricu ...
... Glaciers are nature’s valuable source of fresh water in the form of frozen reservoirs from which large amounts of melt ice release to many of the major rivers of the Hindu Kush– Himalaya (HKH) (Xu Jianchu et.al. 2007; Zemp, M., et. al., 2007). They supply water for drinking, and the needs of agricu ...
Changing climate and rising seas - Parliamentary Commissioner for
... by the presence of rocks that bore no relation to rocks nearby but were the same as rocks hundreds of kilometres away. Such ‘erratics’, as they were dubbed, included granite boulders sitting high on limestone slopes, which clearly could not have been carried there by water. The explanation for errat ...
... by the presence of rocks that bore no relation to rocks nearby but were the same as rocks hundreds of kilometres away. Such ‘erratics’, as they were dubbed, included granite boulders sitting high on limestone slopes, which clearly could not have been carried there by water. The explanation for errat ...
Where Are You From? Why Are You Here? An African Perspective
... Union launched Sputnik, Earth’s first artificial satellite, in 1957. Concern that the communist countries may be scientifically more advanced than the countries of the West proved a bonanza to science in general and to oceanography in particular. One result was a significant increase in the number of yo ...
... Union launched Sputnik, Earth’s first artificial satellite, in 1957. Concern that the communist countries may be scientifically more advanced than the countries of the West proved a bonanza to science in general and to oceanography in particular. One result was a significant increase in the number of yo ...
global_cooling_ESS_analysis_final
... lead to global cooling and this ESS-analysis will describe them and their effects on the Earth and its major cycles. Despite these mechanisms that can lead to cooling, at the current time the Earth is warming. During the 1970s some scientists felt that global cooling was occurring and an era of glac ...
... lead to global cooling and this ESS-analysis will describe them and their effects on the Earth and its major cycles. Despite these mechanisms that can lead to cooling, at the current time the Earth is warming. During the 1970s some scientists felt that global cooling was occurring and an era of glac ...
Lecture 22
... The IPCC claims that most of the global warming since 1950 is very likely due to A. B. C. D. ...
... The IPCC claims that most of the global warming since 1950 is very likely due to A. B. C. D. ...
PETM: A Possible Analog to Modern Climate Change / Methane
... years, a relatively short time interval in Earth's history. Earth scientists from various fields have extended our view of Earth's past climates farther back into the past through a variety of proxy indicators. One place where information about paleoclimatology, or the study of past climates, can be ...
... years, a relatively short time interval in Earth's history. Earth scientists from various fields have extended our view of Earth's past climates farther back into the past through a variety of proxy indicators. One place where information about paleoclimatology, or the study of past climates, can be ...