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Student Pages
Student Pages

... and if the atmosphere did not have any, the Earth would be much colder, perhaps too cold for living things to survive. However, too much CO2 in the atmosphere could make the planet too hot for living things. Several Earth processes work together to cycle carbon from one carbon reservoir to another a ...
EARTH
EARTH

... Variations of deuterium (δD) in antarctic ice, which is a proxy for local temperature, and the atmospheric concentrations of the greenhouse gases carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (N2O) in air trapped within the ice cores and from recent atmospheric measurements. Data cover 650, ...
Clouds and Climate
Clouds and Climate

... was measured by V. Ramanathan (now at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography) and colleagues at the University of Chicago with instruments aboard the Earth Radiation Budget Satellite. They found that the reflective “white clothes” cooling of clouds was about 50% greater than their “blanket warming” ...
Chapter 1: Overview
Chapter 1: Overview

... passes through the earth’s atmosphere and is absorbed by the surface, thereby warming it. Some of this absorbed energy is reradiated back toward space in a different form: as infrared radiation or heat. The greenhouse gases in the atmosphere absorb the heat energy and keep it from escaping back to s ...
Teacher Pages
Teacher Pages

... Climate scientists generally agree that global warming is occurring and that it corresponds with an increase in the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere from fossil-fuel combustion. Scientists have a broader range of ideas, however, about what the effects of this warming will be. This i ...
The Carbon Cycle – Questions on reading web article
The Carbon Cycle – Questions on reading web article

... patterns of fossil fuel consumption and deforestation, warming trends are likely to continue. The best scienti#c estimate is that global mean temperature will increase between 1.4 and 5.8 degrees C over the next century as a result of increases in atmospheric CO2 and other greenhouse gases. This kin ...
Toolkit - Earth Day Network
Toolkit - Earth Day Network

... justice are some of the world’s most complex problems. To effectively respond to these challenges, citizens must be appropriately educated and prepared. For Earth Day 2017, communities must take the lead promoting Environmental and Climate Literacy. Now more than ever in recent history, people aroun ...
Appendix 19 - The Work of Malcolm Roberts
Appendix 19 - The Work of Malcolm Roberts

... 8. Air movements, wind, rain, storms and hurricanes are virtually ignored. They’re too small to fit into grid systems used for each part of Earth’s surface; 9. Energy flow parameters are constants with no variability; 10. Earth has no water vapour, by far the most significant gas absorbing longwave ...
PowerPoint is here
PowerPoint is here

... Ocean Destabilizes Methane Hydrates? • This is a leading hypothesis for the cause of the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum; a (geologically) fast warming of global temperatures 56 million years ago by ~4 C which included a large increase in atmospheric CO2. • Methane hydrates can be destabilized with ...
Build a Model Rock Core
Build a Model Rock Core

... With an area of 14 million sq km (5.4 million sq miles), Antarctica is larger than either Europe or Australia. It’s average elevation of more than 2,000 m (6,500 ft) is over twice that of Asia, the next highest continent. However, much of this mass is ice. Remove the ice and East Antarctica has a la ...
ATMOSPHERE AND CLIMATE
ATMOSPHERE AND CLIMATE

... in the atmosphere provides more space for air molecules to spread out, thus lowering the air pressure (and air density) at higher altitudes. Q: Are the greenhouse effect, global warming, and climate change all the same thing? A: No. These terms are often mentioned together in the media. As a result, ...
Earth`s layers, their cycles and Earth system science
Earth`s layers, their cycles and Earth system science

... Masses in the Earth’s physical layers are in constant convective motion, the fluid envelopes driven by energy from the Sun, the solid Earth driven by energy from radioactive decay and primordial energy. The layers form a system of interactive components because mass and energy are continuously trans ...
Global Climate Change - FAU - the FAU College of Education
Global Climate Change - FAU - the FAU College of Education

... Latitude and Climate Like the other planets, the Earth rotates on its axis as it revolves around the sun. At the same time the Earth is rotating on its axis, it is also revolving around the sun. Earth is tilted on its axis 23.5°. The direction and angle of tilt do not change as the Earth moves aroun ...
Snow and Ice on Planet Earth
Snow and Ice on Planet Earth

... The strong reduction of Arctic sea ice is already affecting the population of the iconic polar bears. There are initial signs of increased navigation in northern routes, which might raise issues of water sovereignity. M ore offshore oil operations are to be expected as well. An increase in sea traff ...
Examining the past to understand the future
Examining the past to understand the future

... 2) determine that an overturning 40% weaker than today is the best fit at the LGM 3) suggest that different C14 top-to-bottom age difference measurements may be inconsistent and suffer from uncertainty in knowledge of paleo atmospheric C14/C12 history 4) determine quantitatively that the glacial THC ...
Earth system models of intermediate complexity
Earth system models of intermediate complexity

... 2) determine that an overturning 40% weaker than today is the best fit at the LGM 3) suggest that different C14 top-to-bottom age difference measurements may be inconsistent and suffer from uncertainty in knowledge of paleo atmospheric C14/C12 history 4) determine quantitatively that the glacial THC ...
What is Science?
What is Science?

... Employees at the Ripley’s Believe It of Not! Museum in Myrtle Beach, South Carolina, declare that female visitors who come in contact with a pair of African fertility statues have become pregnant. The statues, from the Boule Tribe of the Ivory Coast, stand near the museum’s entrance. Some visitors h ...
Activity 5 How Do Carbon Dioxide Concentrations in the
Activity 5 How Do Carbon Dioxide Concentrations in the

... Activity 5 How Do Carbon Dioxide Concentrations in the Atmosphere Affect Global Climate? ...
Earths Climate History How do we know what we know
Earths Climate History How do we know what we know

... directly measuring climate, ask them to think of times in their daily lives when they use proxy data – whether they realized it or not. One prompt might be to ask them what think it means if fellow students come into the classroom with wet umbrellas. Discuss how the umbrellas are not measuring rainf ...
The consequences of an increase of the atmospheric CO2
The consequences of an increase of the atmospheric CO2

... on Earth. Agriculture, deforestation, or irrigation are examples of human actions which induced in the past, and are still inducing a lot of pressure on nature. With the present level of industrial development, as well as the exponential increase in world population, this pressure has become so larg ...
Earth`s layers, their cycles and Earth system science
Earth`s layers, their cycles and Earth system science

... Masses in the Earth’s physical layers are in constant convective motion, the fluid envelopes driven by energy from the Sun, the solid Earth driven by energy from radioactive decay and primordial energy. The layers form a system of interactive components because mass and energy are continuously trans ...
Earth`s Climate History: How do we know what we know?
Earth`s Climate History: How do we know what we know?

... directly measuring climate, ask them to think of  times in their daily lives when they use proxy data  – whether they realized it or not. One prompt might be to ask them what think it  means if fellow students come into the classroom  with wet umbrellas. Discuss how the umbrellas are  not measuring  ...
Chapter 1: Background Oceanography
Chapter 1: Background Oceanography

... have generally been higher than current values, perhaps by as much as a factor of 20–25 during the Cambrian (Berner et al., 2001). The impact of these elevated CO2 concentrations on the climate of the Earth has been profound (Fig. 1). Since the formation of the solar system the luminosity of the Su ...
Earth`s Climate System
Earth`s Climate System

... Ferrel cells: Mid-latitude cells in both hemispheres are termed the Ferrel cells (Fig. 4). Circulation in these cells results from the air flowing toward the poles from the subtropical highs which collides with cold air flowing from the poles. The zone of convergence is the polar front, a zone of hi ...
Ice core evidence of the last 400,000 years
Ice core evidence of the last 400,000 years

... This temperature dependency allows the oxygen isotope content of an ice core to provide a proxy climate record. Similar palaeoclimatic studies can be carried out using isotopes of hydrogen (1H and 2H (Deuterium)), but these are rarer in nature and the laboratory techniques involved are more complex. ...
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Snowball Earth

The Snowball Earth hypothesis posits that the Earth's surface became entirely or nearly entirely frozen at least once, sometime earlier than 650 Mya (million years ago). Proponents of the hypothesis argue that it best explains sedimentary deposits generally regarded as of glacial origin at tropical paleolatitudes, and other otherwise enigmatic features in the geological record. Opponents of the hypothesis contest the implications of the geological evidence for global glaciation, the geophysical feasibility of an ice- or slush-covered ocean, and the difficulty of escaping an all-frozen condition. A number of unanswered questions exist, including whether the Earth was a full snowball, or a ""slushball"" with a thin equatorial band of open (or seasonally open) water.The geological time frames under consideration come before the sudden appearance of multicellular life forms on Earth known as the Cambrian explosion, and the most recent snowball episode may have triggered the evolution of multi-cellular life on Earth. Another, much earlier and longer, snowball episode, the Huronian glaciation, which occurred 2400 to 2100 Mya may have been triggered by the first appearance of oxygen in the atmosphere, the ""Great Oxygenation Event.""
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