Spain and the euro. The first ten years
... EMU, even at times of great uncertainty, as at present, marked by the global financial crisis. Miguel Fernández Ordóñez’s remarks also focused on the sources of divergence between EMU members, contending that inflation and growth rate differentials were not so large during the first decade of the eu ...
... EMU, even at times of great uncertainty, as at present, marked by the global financial crisis. Miguel Fernández Ordóñez’s remarks also focused on the sources of divergence between EMU members, contending that inflation and growth rate differentials were not so large during the first decade of the eu ...
Reinventing Fiscal Policy Philip Arestis and Malcolm Sawyer The
... In fact Cunningham and Vilasuso (1994–95) argue strongly that “demand management policies may be largely ineffective, and in some cases, contribute more to the problems than to the solutions” (p. 187). The main reason given is the “structural, institutional, and regulatory changes” since the 1970s, ...
... In fact Cunningham and Vilasuso (1994–95) argue strongly that “demand management policies may be largely ineffective, and in some cases, contribute more to the problems than to the solutions” (p. 187). The main reason given is the “structural, institutional, and regulatory changes” since the 1970s, ...
EUROPEAN COMMISSION Brussels, 22.2.2017 SWD(2017) 77 final
... regional divides strengthened while long-term and youth unemployment increased sharply, with possible permanent effects on growth. The at-riskof-poverty-or-social-exclusion rate rose, with children and people with a migrant background particularly affected. Increasing income inequality is above the ...
... regional divides strengthened while long-term and youth unemployment increased sharply, with possible permanent effects on growth. The at-riskof-poverty-or-social-exclusion rate rose, with children and people with a migrant background particularly affected. Increasing income inequality is above the ...
Barry P. Bosworth* Ralph C. Bryant Gary Burtless
... that rates of domestic investment, associated with slower growth in the labor force, move to partly mirror the induced declines in national saving. That is, slower labor force growth associated with population aging will reduce the demand for domestic investment, offsetting part or all of the foreca ...
... that rates of domestic investment, associated with slower growth in the labor force, move to partly mirror the induced declines in national saving. That is, slower labor force growth associated with population aging will reduce the demand for domestic investment, offsetting part or all of the foreca ...
Reinventing fiscal policy
... exogenously given. However, DS should be treated as endogenous in that its size responds to changes in, inter alia, government expenditure. Then an increase in GD could be expected to lead to an increase in DS. This could also happen when we come to the argument of (10). For in both cases, it is pos ...
... exogenously given. However, DS should be treated as endogenous in that its size responds to changes in, inter alia, government expenditure. Then an increase in GD could be expected to lead to an increase in DS. This could also happen when we come to the argument of (10). For in both cases, it is pos ...
Study Guide for Williamson Intermediate Macroeconomics, First
... services purchased by consumers and compares a bundle of goods and services one year with the cost of that same bundle in another year. Thus the CPI is a fixed-weight price index and is given by total current expenditures over total expenditures at base year prices and multiplies the result by 100. ...
... services purchased by consumers and compares a bundle of goods and services one year with the cost of that same bundle in another year. Thus the CPI is a fixed-weight price index and is given by total current expenditures over total expenditures at base year prices and multiplies the result by 100. ...
File - Ms. Nancy Ware`s Economics Classes
... Example: Alec is a chicken farmer in the local community. Suppose Alec decides to spend $1000 on some chicken coops at Andy’s farm supply shop. This money now starts to be circulated around the economy. 1. Andy now has $1000 from the sale and spends 80% ($800) on clothes at Sarah‘s boutique. 2. Sara ...
... Example: Alec is a chicken farmer in the local community. Suppose Alec decides to spend $1000 on some chicken coops at Andy’s farm supply shop. This money now starts to be circulated around the economy. 1. Andy now has $1000 from the sale and spends 80% ($800) on clothes at Sarah‘s boutique. 2. Sara ...
the role of household consumption
... fixed investment, government fixed investment, and inventory investment) were all negative during the 1991-2003 period even though they were all positive and inventory investment and private fixed investment ranked first and second, respectively, during the 1980-91 period. Turning next to a comparis ...
... fixed investment, government fixed investment, and inventory investment) were all negative during the 1991-2003 period even though they were all positive and inventory investment and private fixed investment ranked first and second, respectively, during the 1980-91 period. Turning next to a comparis ...
Chap11_12q_for print..
... C) expansionary shift in the LM curve. D) contractionary shift in the LM curve. 7. An increase in the money supply shifts the ______ curve to the right, and the aggregate demand curve ______ ______. A) IS; shifts to the right B) IS; does not shift C) LM: shifts to the right D) LM; does not ...
... C) expansionary shift in the LM curve. D) contractionary shift in the LM curve. 7. An increase in the money supply shifts the ______ curve to the right, and the aggregate demand curve ______ ______. A) IS; shifts to the right B) IS; does not shift C) LM: shifts to the right D) LM; does not ...
Self-Fulfilling Crises in the Eurozone: An Empirical Test
... There is a self-fulfilling element in this dynamics. When investors fear default, they act in such a way that default becomes more likely. A country can become insolvent because investors fear default. The problem of member countries of a monetary union described above is similar to the problems fac ...
... There is a self-fulfilling element in this dynamics. When investors fear default, they act in such a way that default becomes more likely. A country can become insolvent because investors fear default. The problem of member countries of a monetary union described above is similar to the problems fac ...
Fiscal Policy - Macmillan Learning
... (We focus on 2007, rather than a more recent year, because it was a largely “normal” year. The numbers for later years were very much affected by the financial crisis of 2008 and its aftermath.) As you can see, the Swedish government sector is relatively large, accounting for more than half of the S ...
... (We focus on 2007, rather than a more recent year, because it was a largely “normal” year. The numbers for later years were very much affected by the financial crisis of 2008 and its aftermath.) As you can see, the Swedish government sector is relatively large, accounting for more than half of the S ...
Understanding the Great Recession ! Lawrence J. Christiano Martin S. Eichenbaum
... participation rate have dropped substantially and show little sign of improving. The unemployment rate has declined from its Great Recession peak. But, this decline primarily reáects a sharp drop in the labor force participation rate, not an improvement in the labor market. Indeed, while vacancies h ...
... participation rate have dropped substantially and show little sign of improving. The unemployment rate has declined from its Great Recession peak. But, this decline primarily reáects a sharp drop in the labor force participation rate, not an improvement in the labor market. Indeed, while vacancies h ...
Unpacking of the 2016 BPS
... According to PFM Regulations 26(1) (a), The BPS has failed to factor in the compensation of employees from other arms of government such as the Judiciary, Parliament and State Owned Enterprises. No mention of the level of publicly guaranteed debt as required by PFM Regulation The fiscal risk stateme ...
... According to PFM Regulations 26(1) (a), The BPS has failed to factor in the compensation of employees from other arms of government such as the Judiciary, Parliament and State Owned Enterprises. No mention of the level of publicly guaranteed debt as required by PFM Regulation The fiscal risk stateme ...
Trends and Determinants of US Farmland Values Since 1910
... current rate is rising, it is still well below the 1980s farm crisis level. The profitability ratio, such as rate of return on farm assets, is now inching down, but is also higher than the 1980s levels. It is likely that with the current stagnation of commodity prices and continued decline in farm i ...
... current rate is rising, it is still well below the 1980s farm crisis level. The profitability ratio, such as rate of return on farm assets, is now inching down, but is also higher than the 1980s levels. It is likely that with the current stagnation of commodity prices and continued decline in farm i ...
Internet Chapter 3
... changes, changes in the real value of the debt may be an important source of revenue. To see why, suppose that at the beginning of the year you owe a creditor $1,000 and the sum does not have to be repaid until the end of the year. Suppose, further, that over the course of the year prices rise by 10 ...
... changes, changes in the real value of the debt may be an important source of revenue. To see why, suppose that at the beginning of the year you owe a creditor $1,000 and the sum does not have to be repaid until the end of the year. Suppose, further, that over the course of the year prices rise by 10 ...
generations
... For a given discount rate, higher productivity growth increases the absolute amounts of net tax payments of both existing and future generations. ...
... For a given discount rate, higher productivity growth increases the absolute amounts of net tax payments of both existing and future generations. ...
Fiscal stimulus in times of high debt - ECB
... In response to the financial and economic crisis many industrialized countries adopted fiscal stimulus measures of unprecedented scale throughout 2009 and 2010. The fiscal response not only addressed weaknesses in the financial sector but also aimed at stimulating domestic demand to stop the rapid w ...
... In response to the financial and economic crisis many industrialized countries adopted fiscal stimulus measures of unprecedented scale throughout 2009 and 2010. The fiscal response not only addressed weaknesses in the financial sector but also aimed at stimulating domestic demand to stop the rapid w ...
Document
... parental allowance to a maximum of 37 weeks in accordance with the Supplemental Unemployment Benefit (SUB) Plan when the member: 1. 1. has completed six months of continuous employment in the RCMP; 1. 2. provides his/her supervisor with proof that he/she has applied for or is in receipt of parental ...
... parental allowance to a maximum of 37 weeks in accordance with the Supplemental Unemployment Benefit (SUB) Plan when the member: 1. 1. has completed six months of continuous employment in the RCMP; 1. 2. provides his/her supervisor with proof that he/she has applied for or is in receipt of parental ...
The Characteristics of Fiscal Policy in Canada
... and provincial government budgets. The methodology is due to Blanchard (1993), and has recently been applied to the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries by Alesina and Perotti (1995, 1997) and McDermott and Wescott (1996). We then apply the method to data describing ...
... and provincial government budgets. The methodology is due to Blanchard (1993), and has recently been applied to the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries by Alesina and Perotti (1995, 1997) and McDermott and Wescott (1996). We then apply the method to data describing ...
Interest rates and fiscal sustainability
... (i.e., ∆BGovt) is significantly more inflationary than the case of “financing” via ∆BNon-Govt. Finally, and not surprisingly, this belief is clearly at the core of the fiscal imbalance literature, as a few representative quotes demonstrate: If revenues are not sufficient to match spending, the gover ...
... (i.e., ∆BGovt) is significantly more inflationary than the case of “financing” via ∆BNon-Govt. Finally, and not surprisingly, this belief is clearly at the core of the fiscal imbalance literature, as a few representative quotes demonstrate: If revenues are not sufficient to match spending, the gover ...
This PDF is a selection from an out-of-print volume from... of Economic Research
... In real effective terms, the won’s exchange rate had by and large maintained a relatively stable trend compared with those of most other currencies, yet it had nonetheless shown considerable fluctuations in one period or another. One major factor in these fluctuations was that the won’s exchange rat ...
... In real effective terms, the won’s exchange rate had by and large maintained a relatively stable trend compared with those of most other currencies, yet it had nonetheless shown considerable fluctuations in one period or another. One major factor in these fluctuations was that the won’s exchange rat ...
The Study of Economics
... increases your own marginal benefit from consumption of that good can give rise to network effects. Example: computer operating systems like Windows ...
... increases your own marginal benefit from consumption of that good can give rise to network effects. Example: computer operating systems like Windows ...
Fiscal Policy and the Current Account
... corroborate each other. The sample includes about a hundred countries over a period of more than two decades. The estimates distinguish among advanced and emerging/low-income countries; more and less open economies; and country-years with small and large output gaps. While the analysis was also cond ...
... corroborate each other. The sample includes about a hundred countries over a period of more than two decades. The estimates distinguish among advanced and emerging/low-income countries; more and less open economies; and country-years with small and large output gaps. While the analysis was also cond ...
This PDF is a selec on from a published volume... Bureau of Economic Research
... increases, but only because of an increase in military employment. Now both private employment and the short-term interest rate fall significantly, while their response was insignificant in the EVAR case. The Barro-Redlick tax rate also falls after several quarters. Column (4) displays the responses ...
... increases, but only because of an increase in military employment. Now both private employment and the short-term interest rate fall significantly, while their response was insignificant in the EVAR case. The Barro-Redlick tax rate also falls after several quarters. Column (4) displays the responses ...