Evolutionary Connectionism and Mind/Brain Modularity - laral
... Computational cognitive science tends to be strongly modularistic. The computational mind is made up of distinct modules which specialize in processing distinct types of information, have specialized functions, and are closed to interference from other types of information and functions (Chomsky, 19 ...
... Computational cognitive science tends to be strongly modularistic. The computational mind is made up of distinct modules which specialize in processing distinct types of information, have specialized functions, and are closed to interference from other types of information and functions (Chomsky, 19 ...
Developmental Biology, 9e
... Birth and migration of neurons and glia Specification of cell fates Guidance of axons to specific targets Formation of synaptic connections Competitive rearrangement of synapses Survival and final differentiation by signal Continued plasticity throughout life ...
... Birth and migration of neurons and glia Specification of cell fates Guidance of axons to specific targets Formation of synaptic connections Competitive rearrangement of synapses Survival and final differentiation by signal Continued plasticity throughout life ...
View PDF - CiteSeerX
... Figure 1. Temporal estimation data from humans (A, B) or rats (C, D) using peak-interval timing procedures. In the peak-interval procedure used with humans, participants were instructed to watch as a blue square appeared on a computer screen and to be “aware” of the amount of time that passed (eithe ...
... Figure 1. Temporal estimation data from humans (A, B) or rats (C, D) using peak-interval timing procedures. In the peak-interval procedure used with humans, participants were instructed to watch as a blue square appeared on a computer screen and to be “aware” of the amount of time that passed (eithe ...
Hypothesized neural dynamics of working memory
... behavioral phenomena as sleep and attention, and the behavioral effectiveness of electrical brain stimulation at natural oscillatory frequencies suggests that such mass-oscillations are part of a causal sequence ([64]; also reviewed in [50]). However, we do not yet know a great deal about whether ne ...
... behavioral phenomena as sleep and attention, and the behavioral effectiveness of electrical brain stimulation at natural oscillatory frequencies suggests that such mass-oscillations are part of a causal sequence ([64]; also reviewed in [50]). However, we do not yet know a great deal about whether ne ...
Rate versus Temporal Coding Models
... quality ± is associated with variation in an animal's perception or behavior. If a neural signal putatively codes the color red, the animal should be less likely to `report' (via its behavioral response) that it has seen red when the neural signal is absent or degraded. Third, when the signal is int ...
... quality ± is associated with variation in an animal's perception or behavior. If a neural signal putatively codes the color red, the animal should be less likely to `report' (via its behavioral response) that it has seen red when the neural signal is absent or degraded. Third, when the signal is int ...
the brain`s concepts: the role of the sensory
... among others. In Fodor’s theory (see Fodor, 1975), the purported amodal nature of concepts draws a sharp dividing line between the modular input/ output brain structures and a generalised cognitive system (unanalysed at the level of the brain), whose functioning rules are totally independent from th ...
... among others. In Fodor’s theory (see Fodor, 1975), the purported amodal nature of concepts draws a sharp dividing line between the modular input/ output brain structures and a generalised cognitive system (unanalysed at the level of the brain), whose functioning rules are totally independent from th ...
the brain`s concepts: the role of the sensory
... among others. In Fodor’s theory (see Fodor, 1975), the purported amodal nature of concepts draws a sharp dividing line between the modular input/ output brain structures and a generalised cognitive system (unanalysed at the level of the brain), whose functioning rules are totally independent from th ...
... among others. In Fodor’s theory (see Fodor, 1975), the purported amodal nature of concepts draws a sharp dividing line between the modular input/ output brain structures and a generalised cognitive system (unanalysed at the level of the brain), whose functioning rules are totally independent from th ...
The Mindful Brain - International Centre for Child Trauma Prevention
... • ILLUSTRATION You are sitting relaxed and listening attentively when suddenly I throw you an object, say, a large beach ball. You respond by tracking the object and making movements that change your posture to one that will enable you to catch the ball. Minimally this requires adjustments to the ve ...
... • ILLUSTRATION You are sitting relaxed and listening attentively when suddenly I throw you an object, say, a large beach ball. You respond by tracking the object and making movements that change your posture to one that will enable you to catch the ball. Minimally this requires adjustments to the ve ...
How and Why Brains Create Meaning from Sensory Information
... are shaped by interactions with the limbic system, which establish multimodal unity, selective attention, and the intentionality of percepts. The interactions of the several sensory cortices and the limbic system lead to goal-directed actions in time and space. Each cortical phase transition involve ...
... are shaped by interactions with the limbic system, which establish multimodal unity, selective attention, and the intentionality of percepts. The interactions of the several sensory cortices and the limbic system lead to goal-directed actions in time and space. Each cortical phase transition involve ...
Forward Prediction in the Posterior Parietal Cortex and Dynamic
... Most studies in sensorimotor neurophysiology have utilized reactive movements to stationary goals pre-defined by sensory cues (Figure 1A left), but this approach is fundamentally incapable of determining whether the observed neural activity reflects sensory stimuli or predicts future states. Explori ...
... Most studies in sensorimotor neurophysiology have utilized reactive movements to stationary goals pre-defined by sensory cues (Figure 1A left), but this approach is fundamentally incapable of determining whether the observed neural activity reflects sensory stimuli or predicts future states. Explori ...
THE BRAIN`S CONCEPTS: THE ROLE OF THE SENSORY
... actions themselves. The action of grasping has both a motor component (what you do in grasping) and various perceptual components (what it looks like for someone to grasp and what a graspable object looks like). Although we won’t discuss them here, there are other modalities involved as ...
... actions themselves. The action of grasping has both a motor component (what you do in grasping) and various perceptual components (what it looks like for someone to grasp and what a graspable object looks like). Although we won’t discuss them here, there are other modalities involved as ...
Neural Substrate Expansion for the Restoration of Brain
... stimulation approaches, such as deep-brain stimulation, have achieved the most clinical success, but they ultimately may be limited by the computational capacity of the residual cerebral circuitry. An alternative strategy is brain substrate expansion, in which the computational capacity of the brain ...
... stimulation approaches, such as deep-brain stimulation, have achieved the most clinical success, but they ultimately may be limited by the computational capacity of the residual cerebral circuitry. An alternative strategy is brain substrate expansion, in which the computational capacity of the brain ...
Properties of spike train spectra in two parietal reach areas
... gamma frequency band (25–90 Hz). LFP activity reflects the movement of extracellular currents arising from the activation of a local neuronal ensemble and is easier to record than spiking activity, particularly over long time intervals (Mitzdorf 1985). These observations suggest that LFP activity ob ...
... gamma frequency band (25–90 Hz). LFP activity reflects the movement of extracellular currents arising from the activation of a local neuronal ensemble and is easier to record than spiking activity, particularly over long time intervals (Mitzdorf 1985). These observations suggest that LFP activity ob ...
1 Neural Affective Decision Theory: Choices, Brains, and Emotions
... 1991). Economists commonly take preferences as given, but from a psychological point of view it should be possible to explain how preferences arise from cognitive and affective processes. Work in this spirit has made tremendous progress in revealing key features and dynamics missed by theories disco ...
... 1991). Economists commonly take preferences as given, but from a psychological point of view it should be possible to explain how preferences arise from cognitive and affective processes. Work in this spirit has made tremendous progress in revealing key features and dynamics missed by theories disco ...
Chordate evolution and the origin of craniates
... peripheral sensory ganglia, visceral arches, and head skeleton. The craniate sister taxon, cephalochordates, has rostral portions of the neuraxis that are homologous to some of the major divisions of craniate brains. Moreover, recent data indicate that many genes involved in patterning the nervous s ...
... peripheral sensory ganglia, visceral arches, and head skeleton. The craniate sister taxon, cephalochordates, has rostral portions of the neuraxis that are homologous to some of the major divisions of craniate brains. Moreover, recent data indicate that many genes involved in patterning the nervous s ...
PPT - 서울대 Biointelligence lab
... control of behavior “self-referencing system” “ongoing self-maintaining system” – so treating brain as an input-output system can have only limited success. Many studies in neuronal procedure and functional mechanism lacks “comprehensive understanding of the embedding of these many partial functions ...
... control of behavior “self-referencing system” “ongoing self-maintaining system” – so treating brain as an input-output system can have only limited success. Many studies in neuronal procedure and functional mechanism lacks “comprehensive understanding of the embedding of these many partial functions ...
(addl. 3)
... part, simplified from the more-detailed models used by neuroscientists. Autonomous vehicles and other robotic applications are likely targets for such brain-like systems. 3. For the most part, computers still use the same basic architecture envisioned by John von Neumann in 1945. Hardware architectu ...
... part, simplified from the more-detailed models used by neuroscientists. Autonomous vehicles and other robotic applications are likely targets for such brain-like systems. 3. For the most part, computers still use the same basic architecture envisioned by John von Neumann in 1945. Hardware architectu ...
Challenges for Brain Emulation
... part, simplified from the more-detailed models used by neuroscientists. Autonomous vehicles and other robotic applications are likely targets for such brain-like systems. 3. For the most part, computers still use the same basic architecture envisioned by John von Neumann in 1945. Hardware architectu ...
... part, simplified from the more-detailed models used by neuroscientists. Autonomous vehicles and other robotic applications are likely targets for such brain-like systems. 3. For the most part, computers still use the same basic architecture envisioned by John von Neumann in 1945. Hardware architectu ...
- Wiley Online Library
... F I G U R E 3 Initiation and production of vocal motor patterns in X. laevis. (a) The ex vivo brain (Figure 1a) now viewed from the side and illustrating subdivisions (hindbrain, midbrain, and forebrain) that include neural circuits participating in initiation of vocal patterns. In an adult male bra ...
... F I G U R E 3 Initiation and production of vocal motor patterns in X. laevis. (a) The ex vivo brain (Figure 1a) now viewed from the side and illustrating subdivisions (hindbrain, midbrain, and forebrain) that include neural circuits participating in initiation of vocal patterns. In an adult male bra ...
Probing forebrain to hindbrain circuit functions in Xenopus
... F I G U R E 3 Initiation and production of vocal motor patterns in X. laevis. (a) The ex vivo brain (Figure 1a) now viewed from the side and illustrating subdivisions (hindbrain, midbrain, and forebrain) that include neural circuits participating in initiation of vocal patterns. In an adult male bra ...
... F I G U R E 3 Initiation and production of vocal motor patterns in X. laevis. (a) The ex vivo brain (Figure 1a) now viewed from the side and illustrating subdivisions (hindbrain, midbrain, and forebrain) that include neural circuits participating in initiation of vocal patterns. In an adult male bra ...
Emergence of new signal-primitives in neural systems
... Emergence is the process by which new structures and functions come into being. There are two fundamental, but complementary, conceptions of emergence: combinatoric emergence, wherein novelty arises by new combinations of pre-existing elements, and creative emergence, wherein novelty arises by de no ...
... Emergence is the process by which new structures and functions come into being. There are two fundamental, but complementary, conceptions of emergence: combinatoric emergence, wherein novelty arises by new combinations of pre-existing elements, and creative emergence, wherein novelty arises by de no ...
The Primary Brain Vesicles Revisited: Are the Three
... 895] wrote: ‘In S. torazame at this stage, rhombomeric boundaries can be seen at the levels of r1/2, r2/3, r3/4, r4/5, and r5/6, but the mid/hindbrain boundary is not detectable’. In teleost fish, the hollow neural tube is derived from an initially solid neural rod that is homologous to the neural t ...
... 895] wrote: ‘In S. torazame at this stage, rhombomeric boundaries can be seen at the levels of r1/2, r2/3, r3/4, r4/5, and r5/6, but the mid/hindbrain boundary is not detectable’. In teleost fish, the hollow neural tube is derived from an initially solid neural rod that is homologous to the neural t ...
Identifying Hallmarks of Consciousness in Non-Mammalian
... when consciousness of an object was reported (Srinavisan et al., 1998). In general, these results implicate the thalamocortical system in the generation of conscious states. In addition, evidence from strokes and destruction of brain regions has indicated that structures such as the thalamocortical ...
... when consciousness of an object was reported (Srinavisan et al., 1998). In general, these results implicate the thalamocortical system in the generation of conscious states. In addition, evidence from strokes and destruction of brain regions has indicated that structures such as the thalamocortical ...
Information processing in a neuron ensemble with the multiplicative
... approximation, reports in the literature indicate some more details, particularly in relation to the term kij : One study (Zohary et al., 1994) suggested that the correlation between neurons, whose preferred stimuli are similar, is significantly higher than that between unsimilar neurons, while anot ...
... approximation, reports in the literature indicate some more details, particularly in relation to the term kij : One study (Zohary et al., 1994) suggested that the correlation between neurons, whose preferred stimuli are similar, is significantly higher than that between unsimilar neurons, while anot ...
Neural binding
Neural binding refers to the neuroscientific aspect of what is commonly known as the binding problem. The Binding Problem is an interdisciplinary term, named for the difficulty of creating a comprehensive and verifiable model for the unity of consciousness. ""Binding"" refers to the integration of highly diverse neural information in the forming of one's cohesive experience. The neural binding hypothesis states that neural signals are paired through synchronized oscillations of neuronal activity that combine and recombine to allow for a wide variety of responses to context-dependent stimuli. These dynamic neural networks are thought to account for the flexibility and nuanced response of the brain to various situations. The coupling of these networks is transient, on the order of milliseconds, and allows for rapid activity.A viable mechanism for this phenomenon must address (1) the difficulties of reconciling the global nature of the participating (exogenous) signals and their relevant (endogenous) associations, (2) the interface between lower perceptual processes and higher cognitive processes, (3) the identification of signals (sometimes referred to as “tagging”) as they are processed and routed throughout the brain, and (4) the emergence of a unity of consciousness.Proposed adaptive functions of neural binding have included the avoidance of hallucinatory phenomena generated by endogenous patterns alone as well as the avoidance of behavior driven by involuntary action alone.There are several difficulties that must be addressed in this model. First, it must provide a mechanism for the integration of signals across different brain regions (both cortical and subcortical). It must also be able to explain the simultaneous processing of unrelated signals that are held separate from one another and integrated signals that must be viewed as a whole.