MODELING THE MIRROR: GRASP LEARNING AND ACTION
... DEDICATION ........................................................................................................................... ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .....................................................................................................iii ...
... DEDICATION ........................................................................................................................... ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .....................................................................................................iii ...
Zebrafish foxd3 is selectively required for neural crest specification
... numerous transcription factors, including foxd3, snail/slug, sox10 and tfap2a, that have critical roles in neural crest development (Gammill and Bronner-Fraser, 2003), but how these genes direct the subsequent specification of neural crest sublineages remains unclear. Foxd3 has been proposed to play ...
... numerous transcription factors, including foxd3, snail/slug, sox10 and tfap2a, that have critical roles in neural crest development (Gammill and Bronner-Fraser, 2003), but how these genes direct the subsequent specification of neural crest sublineages remains unclear. Foxd3 has been proposed to play ...
Neurally Plausible Model of Robot Reaching Inspired by Infant
... In this dissertation, we present an abstract model of infant reaching that is neurally-plausible. This model is grounded in embodied artificial intelligence, which emphasizes the importance of the sensorimotor interaction of an agent and the world. It includes both learning sensorimotor correlations ...
... In this dissertation, we present an abstract model of infant reaching that is neurally-plausible. This model is grounded in embodied artificial intelligence, which emphasizes the importance of the sensorimotor interaction of an agent and the world. It includes both learning sensorimotor correlations ...
Neurophysiology of synesthesia. - Hal-CEA
... even pleasant [15]. Rather, like color blindness or perfect pitch, synesthesia is a difference in perceptual experience and is referred to as a neurological condition to reflect the brain basis of this perceptual difference. The unusual reports of synesthetes may lead clincians to think of synesthes ...
... even pleasant [15]. Rather, like color blindness or perfect pitch, synesthesia is a difference in perceptual experience and is referred to as a neurological condition to reflect the brain basis of this perceptual difference. The unusual reports of synesthetes may lead clincians to think of synesthes ...
PPT
... • In PRR & LIP in the posterior parietal cortex – Maps for the direction of either arm or eye movements that the monkey is intending to perform(SUA) – Direction of planned arm and eye movements(LFP) – Tuning widths for movement directions(LFP, SUA) LFP in general shows responses properties similar t ...
... • In PRR & LIP in the posterior parietal cortex – Maps for the direction of either arm or eye movements that the monkey is intending to perform(SUA) – Direction of planned arm and eye movements(LFP) – Tuning widths for movement directions(LFP, SUA) LFP in general shows responses properties similar t ...
NEURAL NETWORKS
... Anonymous:1601, from Gk. anonymos "without a name," from an- "without" + onyma, Æolic dialectal form of onoma "name" (see name). ...
... Anonymous:1601, from Gk. anonymos "without a name," from an- "without" + onyma, Æolic dialectal form of onoma "name" (see name). ...
Significance of the cranial neural crest
... mammals, the cranial crest do not migrate in a strict rostrocaudal sequence. Indeed, there is also variation in the timings and patterns of migration between mammalian embryos (Tan and Morris-Kay, 1985). Recent studies have also suggested that the mechanisms underlying the streaming of the cranial c ...
... mammals, the cranial crest do not migrate in a strict rostrocaudal sequence. Indeed, there is also variation in the timings and patterns of migration between mammalian embryos (Tan and Morris-Kay, 1985). Recent studies have also suggested that the mechanisms underlying the streaming of the cranial c ...
Rationalizing Context-Dependent Preferences: Divisive
... that directly impacts how the decision-making process in the human brain has evolved. Neurons require energy, and energy resources in the human body are finite. This places a limit on both the total number of neurons in the brain, and the number that can be allocated to any given task (since neurons ...
... that directly impacts how the decision-making process in the human brain has evolved. Neurons require energy, and energy resources in the human body are finite. This places a limit on both the total number of neurons in the brain, and the number that can be allocated to any given task (since neurons ...
Congruent Activity during Action and Action Observation in Motor
... consistent during both observation and movement. Furthermore, we find that the presence of a visual target is necessary to elicit this congruent neural activity during observation. These findings along with results from our analysis of the oscillatory power in the beta frequency of the local field p ...
... consistent during both observation and movement. Furthermore, we find that the presence of a visual target is necessary to elicit this congruent neural activity during observation. These findings along with results from our analysis of the oscillatory power in the beta frequency of the local field p ...
Repetition suppression - Philosophical Transactions of the Royal
... HCB, 0000-0002-4575-6472; MMG, 0000-0002-8678-5536 Understanding how the human brain gives rise to complex cognitive processes remains one of the biggest challenges of contemporary neuroscience. While invasive recording in animal models can provide insight into neural processes that are conserved ac ...
... HCB, 0000-0002-4575-6472; MMG, 0000-0002-8678-5536 Understanding how the human brain gives rise to complex cognitive processes remains one of the biggest challenges of contemporary neuroscience. While invasive recording in animal models can provide insight into neural processes that are conserved ac ...
2015 Cosyne Program
... community. Our researchers and computational scientists engage in a wide variety of exciting and technically challenging projects—including exploring applications of systems neuroscience research to machine learning, to enable "smarter" and more efficient computing devices. We help you work smarter, ...
... community. Our researchers and computational scientists engage in a wide variety of exciting and technically challenging projects—including exploring applications of systems neuroscience research to machine learning, to enable "smarter" and more efficient computing devices. We help you work smarter, ...
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... common observation that spiking discharges of individual neurons in the cortex are highly stochastic and far from being clocklike. However, recent findings have led to a framework that goes beyond the conventional theory of coupled oscillators and reconciles the apparent dichotomy between irregular ...
... common observation that spiking discharges of individual neurons in the cortex are highly stochastic and far from being clocklike. However, recent findings have led to a framework that goes beyond the conventional theory of coupled oscillators and reconciles the apparent dichotomy between irregular ...
How do you feel -- now? The anterior insula and
... progressively from 100% to chance levels for presentation times shorter than 150 msec, yet activation in the AIC and the ACC selectively and progressively increased with shorter presentation times. The authors inferred from these data an ‘effort-related process’ that guides goal-directed attention, ...
... progressively from 100% to chance levels for presentation times shorter than 150 msec, yet activation in the AIC and the ACC selectively and progressively increased with shorter presentation times. The authors inferred from these data an ‘effort-related process’ that guides goal-directed attention, ...
Neurophysiological and Computational Principles of Cortical
... A. Synchronization and Stochastic Neuronal Activity in the Cerebral Cortex In 1958, Frédéric Bremer published a seminal review in this journal on “theoretical and experimental data pertaining to the nature, origin, synchrony and functional significance of brain waves” (110). Half a century later, th ...
... A. Synchronization and Stochastic Neuronal Activity in the Cerebral Cortex In 1958, Frédéric Bremer published a seminal review in this journal on “theoretical and experimental data pertaining to the nature, origin, synchrony and functional significance of brain waves” (110). Half a century later, th ...
Bissonette Gregory B, Gentry Ronny N, Padmala Srikanth, Pessoa L
... a single task. Even fewer have addressed questions related to how anticipated appetitive and aversive outcomes interact to alter neural signals related to expected value, motivation, and salience. Here, we review studies that have addressed this issue in a number of key brain areas, all of which hav ...
... a single task. Even fewer have addressed questions related to how anticipated appetitive and aversive outcomes interact to alter neural signals related to expected value, motivation, and salience. Here, we review studies that have addressed this issue in a number of key brain areas, all of which hav ...
optical multistage interconnection networks
... human – like performance in the fields of speech and image recognition. These networks composed of many nonlinear computational elements operating in parallel and arranged in patterns reminiscent of biological neural nets. This thesis presents a study about the use of neural network computational al ...
... human – like performance in the fields of speech and image recognition. These networks composed of many nonlinear computational elements operating in parallel and arranged in patterns reminiscent of biological neural nets. This thesis presents a study about the use of neural network computational al ...
AN INTEGRATIVE THEORY OF LOCUS
... accord well with the characteristic anatomy of these systems (widely distributed projections throughout the forebrain), and it is easy to understand how disturbances in such basic and pervasive functions would have profound disruptive effects on cognition, emotion, and behavior such as those associa ...
... accord well with the characteristic anatomy of these systems (widely distributed projections throughout the forebrain), and it is easy to understand how disturbances in such basic and pervasive functions would have profound disruptive effects on cognition, emotion, and behavior such as those associa ...
PDF
... Nrp2 but not Nrp1 is essential for segmental neural crest migration As a starting point for our analysis, we wanted to characterize neural crest migration in the absence of Nrp1/Sema3A signaling, with or without Nrp2 function. Because Nrp1/Nrp2 double mutants die from vascular defects at E8.5, prior ...
... Nrp2 but not Nrp1 is essential for segmental neural crest migration As a starting point for our analysis, we wanted to characterize neural crest migration in the absence of Nrp1/Sema3A signaling, with or without Nrp2 function. Because Nrp1/Nrp2 double mutants die from vascular defects at E8.5, prior ...
Adaptive Gain and Optimal Performance
... accord well with the characteristic anatomy of these systems (widely distributed projections throughout the forebrain), and it is easy to understand how disturbances in such basic and pervasive functions would have profound disruptive effects on cognition, emotion, and behavior such as those associa ...
... accord well with the characteristic anatomy of these systems (widely distributed projections throughout the forebrain), and it is easy to understand how disturbances in such basic and pervasive functions would have profound disruptive effects on cognition, emotion, and behavior such as those associa ...
Representing Spatial Relationships in Posterior
... spatial relationships among object components. Loss of these neurons after parietal damage could then provide part of the explanation why parietal patients construct objects that are spatially disorganized. To examine the possibility that parietal neurons support relational representations of space ...
... spatial relationships among object components. Loss of these neurons after parietal damage could then provide part of the explanation why parietal patients construct objects that are spatially disorganized. To examine the possibility that parietal neurons support relational representations of space ...
PDF file
... Whether a developmental agent can successfully acquire a mental skill (or knowledge) depends on 5 factors: (1) the sensors, (2) the effectors, (3) the DP, (4) the computational resource, and (5) the experience. “Effector” is a general term that includes muscles and glands. The term “motor” is often ...
... Whether a developmental agent can successfully acquire a mental skill (or knowledge) depends on 5 factors: (1) the sensors, (2) the effectors, (3) the DP, (4) the computational resource, and (5) the experience. “Effector” is a general term that includes muscles and glands. The term “motor” is often ...
Neural crest cells and axonal specificity
... importance. It has even been said, perhaps hyperbolically, that “the only interesting thing about vertebrates is the neural crest” (quoted in Thorogood 1989). The neural crest cells originate at the dorsalmost region of the neural tube. Transplantation experiments wherein a quail neural plate is gra ...
... importance. It has even been said, perhaps hyperbolically, that “the only interesting thing about vertebrates is the neural crest” (quoted in Thorogood 1989). The neural crest cells originate at the dorsalmost region of the neural tube. Transplantation experiments wherein a quail neural plate is gra ...
From Thought to Action
... modulated via an intervening network of many neurons. Colloquially, the modulation of membrane potentials is referred to as "information processing" when examined within a neuron or network, and "communication" when described as occuring between neurons or networks. These word choices have inspired ...
... modulated via an intervening network of many neurons. Colloquially, the modulation of membrane potentials is referred to as "information processing" when examined within a neuron or network, and "communication" when described as occuring between neurons or networks. These word choices have inspired ...
Implications of Polychronous Neuronal Groups for the Nature of Mental Representations
... it is important to understand how they are generated and propagated. An individual neuron remains at its resting potential until it receives, or “observes”, a sufficient number of spikes in a short enough period of time, at which point this coincident input causes the neuron to generate an action po ...
... it is important to understand how they are generated and propagated. An individual neuron remains at its resting potential until it receives, or “observes”, a sufficient number of spikes in a short enough period of time, at which point this coincident input causes the neuron to generate an action po ...
Review Early Steps in the Development of the Forebrain
... (A and B) Cartoons of the rostral neural plate of a zebrafish embryo with anterior to the left. The approximate locations of cells destined to give rise to various territories are shown in different colors. The topological relationships of prospective forebrain domains are conserved between vertebra ...
... (A and B) Cartoons of the rostral neural plate of a zebrafish embryo with anterior to the left. The approximate locations of cells destined to give rise to various territories are shown in different colors. The topological relationships of prospective forebrain domains are conserved between vertebra ...
Neural binding
Neural binding refers to the neuroscientific aspect of what is commonly known as the binding problem. The Binding Problem is an interdisciplinary term, named for the difficulty of creating a comprehensive and verifiable model for the unity of consciousness. ""Binding"" refers to the integration of highly diverse neural information in the forming of one's cohesive experience. The neural binding hypothesis states that neural signals are paired through synchronized oscillations of neuronal activity that combine and recombine to allow for a wide variety of responses to context-dependent stimuli. These dynamic neural networks are thought to account for the flexibility and nuanced response of the brain to various situations. The coupling of these networks is transient, on the order of milliseconds, and allows for rapid activity.A viable mechanism for this phenomenon must address (1) the difficulties of reconciling the global nature of the participating (exogenous) signals and their relevant (endogenous) associations, (2) the interface between lower perceptual processes and higher cognitive processes, (3) the identification of signals (sometimes referred to as “tagging”) as they are processed and routed throughout the brain, and (4) the emergence of a unity of consciousness.Proposed adaptive functions of neural binding have included the avoidance of hallucinatory phenomena generated by endogenous patterns alone as well as the avoidance of behavior driven by involuntary action alone.There are several difficulties that must be addressed in this model. First, it must provide a mechanism for the integration of signals across different brain regions (both cortical and subcortical). It must also be able to explain the simultaneous processing of unrelated signals that are held separate from one another and integrated signals that must be viewed as a whole.