Computing Action Potentials by Phase Interference in
... In this paper, we solely consider conduction by action potentials and their ability to act as compound phase-ternary objects for an artificial neural network. The basic mechanisms of the action potential are covered elsewhere and both the Hodgkin Huxley [1] and APPulse [2] may be used in this model. ...
... In this paper, we solely consider conduction by action potentials and their ability to act as compound phase-ternary objects for an artificial neural network. The basic mechanisms of the action potential are covered elsewhere and both the Hodgkin Huxley [1] and APPulse [2] may be used in this model. ...
The emergence of a shared action ontology: Building blocks for a
... To have an ontology is to interpret a world. In this paper we argue that the brain, viewed as a representational system aimed at interpreting our world, possesses an ontology too. It creates primitives and makes existence assumptions. It decomposes target space in a way that exhibits a certain invar ...
... To have an ontology is to interpret a world. In this paper we argue that the brain, viewed as a representational system aimed at interpreting our world, possesses an ontology too. It creates primitives and makes existence assumptions. It decomposes target space in a way that exhibits a certain invar ...
Mental Processes -- How the Mind Arises from the Brain Roger Ellman
... - recognition of all beings that are human as human beings; - recognition of all shirts. The universal is the common characteristic of all elements of the group, that is Eness, human-ness, shirt-ness in the above three examples. Not only humans recognize universals; most animals do also, but the abi ...
... - recognition of all beings that are human as human beings; - recognition of all shirts. The universal is the common characteristic of all elements of the group, that is Eness, human-ness, shirt-ness in the above three examples. Not only humans recognize universals; most animals do also, but the abi ...
Brain oscillations in perception and memory
... these methods yields results leading to the conclusion that alpha-, theta-, delta-, and gammaresponses are functionally relevant brain responses-related to psychophysiological functions, in short, ‘real signals’ ŽBaşar, 1998, 1999.. We intend to show that these oscillations have multifold functions ...
... these methods yields results leading to the conclusion that alpha-, theta-, delta-, and gammaresponses are functionally relevant brain responses-related to psychophysiological functions, in short, ‘real signals’ ŽBaşar, 1998, 1999.. We intend to show that these oscillations have multifold functions ...
Aminobutyric Acid (GABA)-A Function and Binding in
... Abstract—The goal of this study was to determine whether ␥-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic transmission and GABA binding are altered in chronic renal-wrap hypertension. Three groups of hypertensive and sham-operated rats were prepared for separate protocols. Four weeks later, the animals were prepared ...
... Abstract—The goal of this study was to determine whether ␥-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic transmission and GABA binding are altered in chronic renal-wrap hypertension. Three groups of hypertensive and sham-operated rats were prepared for separate protocols. Four weeks later, the animals were prepared ...
Understanding mirror neurons - LIRA-Lab
... brain system which is responsible for action recognition. The link between object affordances and action understanding is considered. To support our hypothesis we describe two experiments where some aspects of the model have been implemented. In the first experiment an action recognition system is tra ...
... brain system which is responsible for action recognition. The link between object affordances and action understanding is considered. To support our hypothesis we describe two experiments where some aspects of the model have been implemented. In the first experiment an action recognition system is tra ...
- Philsci
... features of the stimulation-connection strategy. In particular, I will point out that stimulation-connection and simulation-replacement studies involve structurally similar systems, all being obtained by functionally replacing biological components with artificial devices. However, I will argue that ...
... features of the stimulation-connection strategy. In particular, I will point out that stimulation-connection and simulation-replacement studies involve structurally similar systems, all being obtained by functionally replacing biological components with artificial devices. However, I will argue that ...
- Princeton University
... of a custom-designed Hidden-Markov-Modelbased motion correction algorithm useful for postprocessing. Behaviorally correlated calcium transients from large neuronal and astrocytic populations were routinely measured, with an estimated motion-induced false positive error rate of <5%. INTRODUCTION Exis ...
... of a custom-designed Hidden-Markov-Modelbased motion correction algorithm useful for postprocessing. Behaviorally correlated calcium transients from large neuronal and astrocytic populations were routinely measured, with an estimated motion-induced false positive error rate of <5%. INTRODUCTION Exis ...
KISHORE Aswathy - School of Computing
... representation’. Accordingly, different features of the object such as shape, texture and colour will be represented in different parts of the brain. Hence, in order to have a complete representation for the object, these individual localised representations have to be bound together to form a globa ...
... representation’. Accordingly, different features of the object such as shape, texture and colour will be represented in different parts of the brain. Hence, in order to have a complete representation for the object, these individual localised representations have to be bound together to form a globa ...
Current Challenges Facing the Translation of Brain
... communication of neural signals at the site of injury, leading to motor, sensory and autonomic deficits. For these types of injuries, there are no effective post-acute restorative treatments. Research in stem cell therapy to regenerate damaged neurons that could restore damaged pathways is currently ...
... communication of neural signals at the site of injury, leading to motor, sensory and autonomic deficits. For these types of injuries, there are no effective post-acute restorative treatments. Research in stem cell therapy to regenerate damaged neurons that could restore damaged pathways is currently ...
Messages from the Brain Connectivity Regarding Neural Correlates
... the functional integration of widely distributed brain areas for coherent behavioral responses and mental states [17]. Although the coexistence of segregation and integration is indispensible for the proper functioning of large-scale neurocognitive networks [17], a majority of neuroimaging studies h ...
... the functional integration of widely distributed brain areas for coherent behavioral responses and mental states [17]. Although the coexistence of segregation and integration is indispensible for the proper functioning of large-scale neurocognitive networks [17], a majority of neuroimaging studies h ...
Whole-brain functional imaging at cellular resolution using light
... segmented the brain into 11 regions (Fig. 3a) and derived average fluorescence time series across each of these regions (Fig. 3b). Average activity in most brain areas was characterized by large, temporally sparse increases in fluorescence. In many cases, these discharges occurred synchronously acro ...
... segmented the brain into 11 regions (Fig. 3a) and derived average fluorescence time series across each of these regions (Fig. 3b). Average activity in most brain areas was characterized by large, temporally sparse increases in fluorescence. In many cases, these discharges occurred synchronously acro ...
TOWARDS AN "EARLY NEURAL CIRCUIT SIMULATOR": A FPGA
... associated with it between 1500 and 2000 ganglion neurons, If our dynamical state hypothesis is correct [6], these neurons must cover (in a pair-wise manner) the full state space of [θ, dθ/dt, M, dM/dt]. This is equivalent to approximately 50,000 whisker-responsive neurons. Calculating the probabili ...
... associated with it between 1500 and 2000 ganglion neurons, If our dynamical state hypothesis is correct [6], these neurons must cover (in a pair-wise manner) the full state space of [θ, dθ/dt, M, dM/dt]. This is equivalent to approximately 50,000 whisker-responsive neurons. Calculating the probabili ...
Does Loss of Nerve Growth Factor Receptors Precede Loss of
... mouse monoclonal antibody against the human low-affinity NGF recentor (Amersham. clone ME20-4) diluted 1: 10. Immunoreactivitv was rebealeh using thd double bridge peroxidase-antiperoxidase method (Stemberger, 1979; Graybiel et al., 1987), with 0.05% diaminobenzidine and 0.01 M imidazole. lz5Z-NGF 2 ...
... mouse monoclonal antibody against the human low-affinity NGF recentor (Amersham. clone ME20-4) diluted 1: 10. Immunoreactivitv was rebealeh using thd double bridge peroxidase-antiperoxidase method (Stemberger, 1979; Graybiel et al., 1987), with 0.05% diaminobenzidine and 0.01 M imidazole. lz5Z-NGF 2 ...
Neurophysiological investigation of the basis of the fMRI signal
... dynamic interaction of various synaptic and cellular mechanisms, the former re¯ecting primarily the output of a neural population (within approximately a couple of hundred microns of the electrode tip13,14), and the latter mostly a weighted average of synchronized dendro-somatic components of the in ...
... dynamic interaction of various synaptic and cellular mechanisms, the former re¯ecting primarily the output of a neural population (within approximately a couple of hundred microns of the electrode tip13,14), and the latter mostly a weighted average of synchronized dendro-somatic components of the in ...
Habit formation
... arises in medium spiny projection neurons as animals acquire the T-maze task is one in which the activity accentuates the boundaries of the maze runs. The majority of task-responsive neurons exhibit a burst of firing activity as the run is initiated, or as the run is completed, or both, resulting i ...
... arises in medium spiny projection neurons as animals acquire the T-maze task is one in which the activity accentuates the boundaries of the maze runs. The majority of task-responsive neurons exhibit a burst of firing activity as the run is initiated, or as the run is completed, or both, resulting i ...
The role of temporal parameters in a thalamocortical model of analogy
... and 9) consciousness and awareness [23]–[26]. Although these explanations sound very different from each other, at the core they share a common theme that the thalamus integrates and/or selectively directs information received from the sensory periphery and also from the cortex. This insight is due ...
... and 9) consciousness and awareness [23]–[26]. Although these explanations sound very different from each other, at the core they share a common theme that the thalamus integrates and/or selectively directs information received from the sensory periphery and also from the cortex. This insight is due ...
Neural and Computational Mechanisms of Action Processing
... e.g. to the view and different grip types. In addition, individual neurons can show different degrees of invariance with respect to these parameters (see also Singer and Sheinberg (2010)). This type of multi-dimensional tuning is not captured by most existing theoretical models, which typically make ...
... e.g. to the view and different grip types. In addition, individual neurons can show different degrees of invariance with respect to these parameters (see also Singer and Sheinberg (2010)). This type of multi-dimensional tuning is not captured by most existing theoretical models, which typically make ...
Deep Neural Networks for Anatomical Brain Segmentation
... brain (cortical and sub-cortical areas) into a large number N of anatomical regions, where N is defined by the segmentation protocol (typically around 100). Knowledge of the segmentation protocol is implicitly given through a set of manually labelled 3D brain MRIs. An atlas consists of an MR image a ...
... brain (cortical and sub-cortical areas) into a large number N of anatomical regions, where N is defined by the segmentation protocol (typically around 100). Knowledge of the segmentation protocol is implicitly given through a set of manually labelled 3D brain MRIs. An atlas consists of an MR image a ...
bioresources.com - NC State University
... information from the ANN. The ANN, different from linear models, can also provide modelling in cases where the relations between the data of the handled problem is not linear, is uncertain, and may be indefinite (Zhang et al. 1998). ANNs consist of artificial neurons, which are parallel and connecte ...
... information from the ANN. The ANN, different from linear models, can also provide modelling in cases where the relations between the data of the handled problem is not linear, is uncertain, and may be indefinite (Zhang et al. 1998). ANNs consist of artificial neurons, which are parallel and connecte ...
choosing the greater of two goods: neural currencies for valuation
... the context of a typical two-alternative forced-choice discrimination task, these intermediate areas must implement at least three fundamental transformations15 (FIG. 2a). First, a ‘sensory transformation’ generates a higher-order visual representation from primary visual input. Second, a ‘decision ...
... the context of a typical two-alternative forced-choice discrimination task, these intermediate areas must implement at least three fundamental transformations15 (FIG. 2a). First, a ‘sensory transformation’ generates a higher-order visual representation from primary visual input. Second, a ‘decision ...
Impaired odour discrimination on desynchronization of odour
... synchronization of assemblies of projection neurons and that this synchronization is also selectively abolished by picrotoxin, an antagonist of the GABAA (g-aminobutyric acid) receptor. By using a behavioural learning paradigm, we show that picrotoxininduced desynchronization impairs the discriminat ...
... synchronization of assemblies of projection neurons and that this synchronization is also selectively abolished by picrotoxin, an antagonist of the GABAA (g-aminobutyric acid) receptor. By using a behavioural learning paradigm, we show that picrotoxininduced desynchronization impairs the discriminat ...
xiao-ying-lu-southeast-university
... for investigating the electrical signal transmission and processing mechanism among neuron clusters in neural network, studying the function of the whole nervous system, thus overcome the “Great Gap” in brain research. ...
... for investigating the electrical signal transmission and processing mechanism among neuron clusters in neural network, studying the function of the whole nervous system, thus overcome the “Great Gap” in brain research. ...
what distinguishes conscious experience from unconscious processes
... rest of the person’s brain is having another experience. Individual phenomenal experience could be generated by the firing of specific NCCs e.g. Zeki (Localization and). But this only raises further objections. Firstly, it is a claim that is impossible to verify scientifically (since we rely on a pe ...
... rest of the person’s brain is having another experience. Individual phenomenal experience could be generated by the firing of specific NCCs e.g. Zeki (Localization and). But this only raises further objections. Firstly, it is a claim that is impossible to verify scientifically (since we rely on a pe ...
PDF - Oxford Academic - Oxford University Press
... 3 days), multiple repetitions at three delays (60 s, 90 s and 3 days) and visual noise. A constant was included for each subject as effect of no interest. The evoked hemodynamic responses for each of the nine event-types were modelled as delta functions and convolved with a synthetic hemodynamic res ...
... 3 days), multiple repetitions at three delays (60 s, 90 s and 3 days) and visual noise. A constant was included for each subject as effect of no interest. The evoked hemodynamic responses for each of the nine event-types were modelled as delta functions and convolved with a synthetic hemodynamic res ...
Neural binding
Neural binding refers to the neuroscientific aspect of what is commonly known as the binding problem. The Binding Problem is an interdisciplinary term, named for the difficulty of creating a comprehensive and verifiable model for the unity of consciousness. ""Binding"" refers to the integration of highly diverse neural information in the forming of one's cohesive experience. The neural binding hypothesis states that neural signals are paired through synchronized oscillations of neuronal activity that combine and recombine to allow for a wide variety of responses to context-dependent stimuli. These dynamic neural networks are thought to account for the flexibility and nuanced response of the brain to various situations. The coupling of these networks is transient, on the order of milliseconds, and allows for rapid activity.A viable mechanism for this phenomenon must address (1) the difficulties of reconciling the global nature of the participating (exogenous) signals and their relevant (endogenous) associations, (2) the interface between lower perceptual processes and higher cognitive processes, (3) the identification of signals (sometimes referred to as “tagging”) as they are processed and routed throughout the brain, and (4) the emergence of a unity of consciousness.Proposed adaptive functions of neural binding have included the avoidance of hallucinatory phenomena generated by endogenous patterns alone as well as the avoidance of behavior driven by involuntary action alone.There are several difficulties that must be addressed in this model. First, it must provide a mechanism for the integration of signals across different brain regions (both cortical and subcortical). It must also be able to explain the simultaneous processing of unrelated signals that are held separate from one another and integrated signals that must be viewed as a whole.