Repetition and the brain: neural models of stimulus
... The purpose of this review is to consider several kinds of neural models that have been proposed to account for repetition suppression (RS). We focus primarily on studies using visually presented objects and their effects on the ventral object processing stream, to maximize overlap between monkey an ...
... The purpose of this review is to consider several kinds of neural models that have been proposed to account for repetition suppression (RS). We focus primarily on studies using visually presented objects and their effects on the ventral object processing stream, to maximize overlap between monkey an ...
Repetition and the brain: neural models of stimulus
... The purpose of this review is to consider several kinds of neural models that have been proposed to account for repetition suppression (RS). We focus primarily on studies using visually presented objects and their effects on the ventral object processing stream, to maximize overlap between monkey an ...
... The purpose of this review is to consider several kinds of neural models that have been proposed to account for repetition suppression (RS). We focus primarily on studies using visually presented objects and their effects on the ventral object processing stream, to maximize overlap between monkey an ...
Neural ensemble coding and statistical periodicity: Speculations on
... 1. Introduction Watching an action packed movie, participating in a fast moving hockey game, watching children at play. What do these tasks have in common? They all require that the nervous system rapidly acquire, encode, transmit, decode, and act on the ever-evolving information presented to it. In ...
... 1. Introduction Watching an action packed movie, participating in a fast moving hockey game, watching children at play. What do these tasks have in common? They all require that the nervous system rapidly acquire, encode, transmit, decode, and act on the ever-evolving information presented to it. In ...
Linking reward expectation to behavior in the basal ganglia
... baseline responses of neurons that are involved in generating eye movement is particularly interesting in light of recent theoretical work. For tasks in which the detection, discrimination or identification of a sensory stimulus leads directly to an action (such as an eye or arm movement), accuracy ...
... baseline responses of neurons that are involved in generating eye movement is particularly interesting in light of recent theoretical work. For tasks in which the detection, discrimination or identification of a sensory stimulus leads directly to an action (such as an eye or arm movement), accuracy ...
Fast Readout of Object Identity from Macaque Inferior Temporal Cortex
... from the retina to anterior IT cortex, it has been proposed that the computations at each stage are based on just one or very few spikes per neuron (6, 7). At the end of the ventral stream, single cells in IT cortex show selectivity for complex objects with some tolerance to changes in object scale ...
... from the retina to anterior IT cortex, it has been proposed that the computations at each stage are based on just one or very few spikes per neuron (6, 7). At the end of the ventral stream, single cells in IT cortex show selectivity for complex objects with some tolerance to changes in object scale ...
1 Platonic model of mind as an approximation to neurodynamics
... brain-like information processing systems, although it ignores cognitive psychology. Brooks [14] started an interesting project called Cog 5 , aimed at development of the behavior-based intelligence of a humanoid robot. It remains to be seen what level of intelligence this approach will achieve. Co ...
... brain-like information processing systems, although it ignores cognitive psychology. Brooks [14] started an interesting project called Cog 5 , aimed at development of the behavior-based intelligence of a humanoid robot. It remains to be seen what level of intelligence this approach will achieve. Co ...
Nonmonotonic inferences in neural networks
... Thirdly, the next sections will be devoted to showing that schemata support default assumptions about the environ-ment. The neural network is thus capable of filling in missing information. There are some elementary operations on schemata that will be of interest when we consider nonmonotonic infere ...
... Thirdly, the next sections will be devoted to showing that schemata support default assumptions about the environ-ment. The neural network is thus capable of filling in missing information. There are some elementary operations on schemata that will be of interest when we consider nonmonotonic infere ...
IOSR Journal of Computer Engineering (IOSR-JCE)
... associated input patterns. Whenever an input is applied to the neural network, the network’s parameters are adjusted according to the difference between the desired and actual output of the neural network. Supervised learning methods include error-correction learning, reinforcement learning and stoc ...
... associated input patterns. Whenever an input is applied to the neural network, the network’s parameters are adjusted according to the difference between the desired and actual output of the neural network. Supervised learning methods include error-correction learning, reinforcement learning and stoc ...
Changes in 3H-Substance P Receptor Binding in the Rat Brain After
... autoradiography to determine whether changes occur in the distribution of ‘H-SP receptor binding sites in the rat CNS following a kainic acid lesion of the corpus striamm. Using this technique we will address the possibility that high levels of 3H-SP receptor binding sites are normally not observed ...
... autoradiography to determine whether changes occur in the distribution of ‘H-SP receptor binding sites in the rat CNS following a kainic acid lesion of the corpus striamm. Using this technique we will address the possibility that high levels of 3H-SP receptor binding sites are normally not observed ...
Principles of neural ensemble physiology underlying the operation
... output has long been appreciated in studies in which averaging of neuronal activity over many trials was required to quantify a given neuron’s behavioural function131,132. This analytical strategy is typically used when animals have attained a highly stereotyped behavioural performance, after being ...
... output has long been appreciated in studies in which averaging of neuronal activity over many trials was required to quantify a given neuron’s behavioural function131,132. This analytical strategy is typically used when animals have attained a highly stereotyped behavioural performance, after being ...
Neural Networks – State of Art, Brief History, Basic Models and
... units only. CNN main characteristic is the locality of the connections between the units. Each cell has one output, by which it communicates its state with both other cells and external devices. ...
... units only. CNN main characteristic is the locality of the connections between the units. Each cell has one output, by which it communicates its state with both other cells and external devices. ...
ALGORITHMICS - Universitatea de Vest din Timisoara
... A structural point of view: Artificial neural network (ANN)= set of highly interconnected simply processing units (also called neurons) Processing unit = simplified model of a neuron Artificial neural network = (very) simplified model of the brain ...
... A structural point of view: Artificial neural network (ANN)= set of highly interconnected simply processing units (also called neurons) Processing unit = simplified model of a neuron Artificial neural network = (very) simplified model of the brain ...
Neural correlates of consciousness: A definition of the dorsal and
... dorsal and ventral streams must be concurrently active to generate conscious awareness and that V1 (striate cortex) provides a serial link between them. An argument is presented against a true extrastriate communication between the dorsal and ventral streams. Secondly, a detailed theory is developed ...
... dorsal and ventral streams must be concurrently active to generate conscious awareness and that V1 (striate cortex) provides a serial link between them. An argument is presented against a true extrastriate communication between the dorsal and ventral streams. Secondly, a detailed theory is developed ...
Cell assemblies in the cerebral cortex Günther Palm, Andreas
... Rather, it appears that animals most of the time react to situations, to opponents or things which they actively isolate from their environment. Situations, things, partners or opponents are, in a way, the terms of behaviour. It is legitimate, therefore, to ask what phenomena correspond to them in t ...
... Rather, it appears that animals most of the time react to situations, to opponents or things which they actively isolate from their environment. Situations, things, partners or opponents are, in a way, the terms of behaviour. It is legitimate, therefore, to ask what phenomena correspond to them in t ...
Coefficient of Variation (CV) vs Mean Interspike Interval (ISI) curves
... experimentally, we will postulate that neuronal firing in cortical cells is of Poisson-type. Apart from the work mentioned above [15,18], other earlier experimental studies have shown that cortical neuron firing is highly irregular; Smith and Smith [17] investigated the spontaneous cortical activity ...
... experimentally, we will postulate that neuronal firing in cortical cells is of Poisson-type. Apart from the work mentioned above [15,18], other earlier experimental studies have shown that cortical neuron firing is highly irregular; Smith and Smith [17] investigated the spontaneous cortical activity ...
EVOLUTIONARY AUTONOMOUS AGENTS: A NEUROSCIENCE
... real biological systems. For example, chemical neuromodulation is important in command neuron activity19,23, but is absent from the current model (this is not, however, an inherent limitation, as such neuromodulation has been incorporated in other EAA studies; for example, REFS 24,25). Even though b ...
... real biological systems. For example, chemical neuromodulation is important in command neuron activity19,23, but is absent from the current model (this is not, however, an inherent limitation, as such neuromodulation has been incorporated in other EAA studies; for example, REFS 24,25). Even though b ...
2320Lecture20
... – changes accompanied by full-field transients are hard to detect • e.g. change blindness • orienting mechanism is blinded by the transient ...
... – changes accompanied by full-field transients are hard to detect • e.g. change blindness • orienting mechanism is blinded by the transient ...
Physiologically-Inspired Model for the Visual Tuning Properties of
... coarsely within a retinal frame of reference. In addition, the recognized effector view predicts a range of object positions that are suitable for an effective grip. This permits to derive whether the effector action likely will be successful or not, dependent on the object position. We postulate a ...
... coarsely within a retinal frame of reference. In addition, the recognized effector view predicts a range of object positions that are suitable for an effective grip. This permits to derive whether the effector action likely will be successful or not, dependent on the object position. We postulate a ...
Untitled
... earlier computational investigations have shown that SNARE proteins split into four basic types, reflecting their position in the four-helix bundle complex. Among these four basic types, we had established 20 SNARE subclasses that probably represent the original repertoire of a eukaryotic ancestor. ...
... earlier computational investigations have shown that SNARE proteins split into four basic types, reflecting their position in the four-helix bundle complex. Among these four basic types, we had established 20 SNARE subclasses that probably represent the original repertoire of a eukaryotic ancestor. ...
Probing scale interaction in brain dynamics through synchronization
... down to single-neuron responses. Moreover, studies of the global activity of the brain usually focus for convenience on specific cognitive or motor tasks, in order to compare them with a control state such as spontaneous activity at rest. The various aforementioned approaches deal with different sca ...
... down to single-neuron responses. Moreover, studies of the global activity of the brain usually focus for convenience on specific cognitive or motor tasks, in order to compare them with a control state such as spontaneous activity at rest. The various aforementioned approaches deal with different sca ...
Can neuroscience reveal the true nature of consciousness?
... (probably) behaviorally relevant classes, such as face / non-face, animal / non-animal, etc24 . The FFS can not only detect elementary features like orientation, motion and colour, but also discriminate between complex feature constellations, such as objects and faces. In other words, a great deal o ...
... (probably) behaviorally relevant classes, such as face / non-face, animal / non-animal, etc24 . The FFS can not only detect elementary features like orientation, motion and colour, but also discriminate between complex feature constellations, such as objects and faces. In other words, a great deal o ...
Computing auditory perception - Machine Learning Group, TU Berlin
... activity. Do we then understand music? By this means, we might never understand the subjective quality of an overwhelming musical experience. But we take the view: If we could give a comprehensive analysis of the neural processes related to music activity, we could ground music theory on neurophysio ...
... activity. Do we then understand music? By this means, we might never understand the subjective quality of an overwhelming musical experience. But we take the view: If we could give a comprehensive analysis of the neural processes related to music activity, we could ground music theory on neurophysio ...
Two Kinds of Reverse Inference in Cognitive Neuroscience
... or locations of neural activation. Since different psychological theories often make incompatible assumptions about the processes underlying a specific cognitive task, reverse inference can, in principle, be used to discriminate between competing hypotheses. Scientists and philosophers often talk ab ...
... or locations of neural activation. Since different psychological theories often make incompatible assumptions about the processes underlying a specific cognitive task, reverse inference can, in principle, be used to discriminate between competing hypotheses. Scientists and philosophers often talk ab ...
Got diversity? Wiring the fly brain with Dscam
... Figure 2. Dscam encodes a large family of homophilic binding proteins. (a) Alternative splicing of the Dscam gene generates numerous cell-surface proteins of the immunoglobulin superfamily. There are four blocks of alternatively used exons in the Dscam gene: the exon-4 block contains 12 alternatives ...
... Figure 2. Dscam encodes a large family of homophilic binding proteins. (a) Alternative splicing of the Dscam gene generates numerous cell-surface proteins of the immunoglobulin superfamily. There are four blocks of alternatively used exons in the Dscam gene: the exon-4 block contains 12 alternatives ...
Using chaotic artificial neural networks to model memory in the brain
... sequences of bursts. The combination of these impulses will result in an electrical field on the surface of the brain, which can be recorded using EEG. The most important information in these sequences involves their temporal patterns, which are also known as inter spike intervals (ISI). The ISIs in ...
... sequences of bursts. The combination of these impulses will result in an electrical field on the surface of the brain, which can be recorded using EEG. The most important information in these sequences involves their temporal patterns, which are also known as inter spike intervals (ISI). The ISIs in ...
Neural binding
Neural binding refers to the neuroscientific aspect of what is commonly known as the binding problem. The Binding Problem is an interdisciplinary term, named for the difficulty of creating a comprehensive and verifiable model for the unity of consciousness. ""Binding"" refers to the integration of highly diverse neural information in the forming of one's cohesive experience. The neural binding hypothesis states that neural signals are paired through synchronized oscillations of neuronal activity that combine and recombine to allow for a wide variety of responses to context-dependent stimuli. These dynamic neural networks are thought to account for the flexibility and nuanced response of the brain to various situations. The coupling of these networks is transient, on the order of milliseconds, and allows for rapid activity.A viable mechanism for this phenomenon must address (1) the difficulties of reconciling the global nature of the participating (exogenous) signals and their relevant (endogenous) associations, (2) the interface between lower perceptual processes and higher cognitive processes, (3) the identification of signals (sometimes referred to as “tagging”) as they are processed and routed throughout the brain, and (4) the emergence of a unity of consciousness.Proposed adaptive functions of neural binding have included the avoidance of hallucinatory phenomena generated by endogenous patterns alone as well as the avoidance of behavior driven by involuntary action alone.There are several difficulties that must be addressed in this model. First, it must provide a mechanism for the integration of signals across different brain regions (both cortical and subcortical). It must also be able to explain the simultaneous processing of unrelated signals that are held separate from one another and integrated signals that must be viewed as a whole.