Neural communication systems
... The analysis and interpretation framework of abstract communication systems offers a new look on how biological neural systems work. It emphasizes the role of inner processes of such systems in accordance with pattern language descriptions [2], and provides a relatively easy way to understand and an ...
... The analysis and interpretation framework of abstract communication systems offers a new look on how biological neural systems work. It emphasizes the role of inner processes of such systems in accordance with pattern language descriptions [2], and provides a relatively easy way to understand and an ...
Motion perception: Seeing and deciding
... rasters and histograms shows trials that contained 51.2% coherent motion; the middle row depicts trials that contained 12.8% coherent motion; and the lower row illustrates trials that contained 0% coherent (random) motion. For each coherence, the left column shows neuronal responses when the monkey ...
... rasters and histograms shows trials that contained 51.2% coherent motion; the middle row depicts trials that contained 12.8% coherent motion; and the lower row illustrates trials that contained 0% coherent (random) motion. For each coherence, the left column shows neuronal responses when the monkey ...
trans - RUF International
... One possible geometry for the loop may be using the reentry paths (Edelman) between Thalamus and Cortex. They are long enough to satisfy the 50 mm length criterion caused by the absolute refractory period for neurons. This may be part of the explanation why only large animals seem to be conscious. I ...
... One possible geometry for the loop may be using the reentry paths (Edelman) between Thalamus and Cortex. They are long enough to satisfy the 50 mm length criterion caused by the absolute refractory period for neurons. This may be part of the explanation why only large animals seem to be conscious. I ...
trans - RUF International
... One possible geometry for the loop may be using the reentry paths (Edelman) between Thalamus and Cortex. They are long enough to satisfy the 50 mm length criterion caused by the absolute refractory period for neurons. This may be part of the explanation why only large animals seem to be conscious. I ...
... One possible geometry for the loop may be using the reentry paths (Edelman) between Thalamus and Cortex. They are long enough to satisfy the 50 mm length criterion caused by the absolute refractory period for neurons. This may be part of the explanation why only large animals seem to be conscious. I ...
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... perfect technology for a spinal-cord patient who is not very mobile,” says Kuiken. “That doesn’t translate to an amputee who moves around and plays football, or falls down and whacks his head on a door.” For bigger implants like, say, the deep brain stimulators used to treat epilepsy and depression, ...
... perfect technology for a spinal-cord patient who is not very mobile,” says Kuiken. “That doesn’t translate to an amputee who moves around and plays football, or falls down and whacks his head on a door.” For bigger implants like, say, the deep brain stimulators used to treat epilepsy and depression, ...
Sounds of Silence BU scientists are helping a paralyzed man utter his
... that didn’t exist. And when these tricks were discovered, Erik’s father recalls, “he would just die laughing,” an involuntary, spasm-like response that he still has when something amuses or excites him. But then two bouts of pneumonia robbed him of the stamina and reaction time needed to spell out w ...
... that didn’t exist. And when these tricks were discovered, Erik’s father recalls, “he would just die laughing,” an involuntary, spasm-like response that he still has when something amuses or excites him. But then two bouts of pneumonia robbed him of the stamina and reaction time needed to spell out w ...
Evolutionary Neurotheology - UTK-EECS
... Topographic maps suggest an approach to phenomenological reduction. For example, just as the neural representation of certain aspects (e.g., light/dark contrast) of a visual scene can be reduced to the activity of individual neurons in a retinotopic map, and just as the perception of touch across th ...
... Topographic maps suggest an approach to phenomenological reduction. For example, just as the neural representation of certain aspects (e.g., light/dark contrast) of a visual scene can be reduced to the activity of individual neurons in a retinotopic map, and just as the perception of touch across th ...
Artificial Neural Networks—Modern Systems for Safety Control
... more perfect. It is not necessary to have the knowledge about the process of reaching the solution of the problem presented to the network as is in the case of a standard numerical approach performed by an execution of a program in the computer. The process of learning is based on a set of pairs of ...
... more perfect. It is not necessary to have the knowledge about the process of reaching the solution of the problem presented to the network as is in the case of a standard numerical approach performed by an execution of a program in the computer. The process of learning is based on a set of pairs of ...
Evolution and intelligence: beyond the argument
... probably contain over a hundred billion neurons with thousands of connections each, it suggests that the wiring instructions that could possibly be specified genetically are probably insufficient by many orders of magnitude to wire brains, connection by connection. And of course, the extent of under ...
... probably contain over a hundred billion neurons with thousands of connections each, it suggests that the wiring instructions that could possibly be specified genetically are probably insufficient by many orders of magnitude to wire brains, connection by connection. And of course, the extent of under ...
Cortical mechanisms of sensory learning and object recognition
... below reflects the relative change in firing rate for a given neuron that is elicited by the stimuli depicted above. The neuron leading to the far left curve would be said to ‘prefer’ the profile face view (or cat stimulus), but would also change activity for the adjacent image. (b) Cat and dog morp ...
... below reflects the relative change in firing rate for a given neuron that is elicited by the stimuli depicted above. The neuron leading to the far left curve would be said to ‘prefer’ the profile face view (or cat stimulus), but would also change activity for the adjacent image. (b) Cat and dog morp ...
The Development of Neural Synchrony and Large
... data suggest that during the adolescent period, cortical circuits undergo a fine-tuning that facilitates sensory processing in auditory and visual cortices. Late development has also been demonstrated for induced oscillations and their synchronization. In contrast to evoked (stimulus locked) activit ...
... data suggest that during the adolescent period, cortical circuits undergo a fine-tuning that facilitates sensory processing in auditory and visual cortices. Late development has also been demonstrated for induced oscillations and their synchronization. In contrast to evoked (stimulus locked) activit ...
Communication as an emergent metaphor for neuronal operation
... Recent advances in neuroscience provide us with evidence that neurons are much more complex than previously thought [19]. In particular it has been hypothesised that neurons can select input depending on its spatial location on dendritic tree or temporal structure [19,20,21]. Some neurobiologists su ...
... Recent advances in neuroscience provide us with evidence that neurons are much more complex than previously thought [19]. In particular it has been hypothesised that neurons can select input depending on its spatial location on dendritic tree or temporal structure [19,20,21]. Some neurobiologists su ...
chapter one
... to resemble the neuron with multiple inputs and a single output. However, this similarity does not really begin to model the complex electrochemical processes that actually go on inside a neuron. The perceptron is a very simple mathematical representation of the neuron. ...
... to resemble the neuron with multiple inputs and a single output. However, this similarity does not really begin to model the complex electrochemical processes that actually go on inside a neuron. The perceptron is a very simple mathematical representation of the neuron. ...
Sensorimotor Neural Plasticity following Hand Transplantation
... Sensorimotor Neural Plasticity following Hand Transplantation The first signs ofdegeneration are seen within twenty-four hours after the injury to the nerve. Typically, the signs ofregeneration are prolonged for one to two weeks following a proximo-distal progression (Navarro et al., 2007). "In spi ...
... Sensorimotor Neural Plasticity following Hand Transplantation The first signs ofdegeneration are seen within twenty-four hours after the injury to the nerve. Typically, the signs ofregeneration are prolonged for one to two weeks following a proximo-distal progression (Navarro et al., 2007). "In spi ...
emotions, learning and control
... seemingly simple association-recognition-understanding process has not been easy, a number of difficulties have been encountered during the past fifty years. These difficulties have been summarized under the term combinatorial complexity (CC) (Perlovsky 2001). The problem was first identified in pat ...
... seemingly simple association-recognition-understanding process has not been easy, a number of difficulties have been encountered during the past fifty years. These difficulties have been summarized under the term combinatorial complexity (CC) (Perlovsky 2001). The problem was first identified in pat ...
Is neuroimaging measuring information in the brain? | SpringerLink
... modern neuroscience, perhaps because, for the communication systems which he was considering, he merely stated that (p. 2) ‘The receiver ordinarily performs the inverse operation of that done by the transmitter’, and he did not elaborate much further on this point. We will give two examples, a simpl ...
... modern neuroscience, perhaps because, for the communication systems which he was considering, he merely stated that (p. 2) ‘The receiver ordinarily performs the inverse operation of that done by the transmitter’, and he did not elaborate much further on this point. We will give two examples, a simpl ...
The honeybee as a model for understanding the basis of cognition
... inflexible and stereotypical. Indeed, they live in colonies and exhibit complex social, navigational and communication behaviours, as well as a relatively rich cognitive repertoire. Because these relatively complex behaviours are controlled by a brain consisting of only 1 million or so neurons, hone ...
... inflexible and stereotypical. Indeed, they live in colonies and exhibit complex social, navigational and communication behaviours, as well as a relatively rich cognitive repertoire. Because these relatively complex behaviours are controlled by a brain consisting of only 1 million or so neurons, hone ...
Dopamine D, Receptors in the Rat Brain
... visible in the lateral septum (LS) and the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (ZWT’). E (i.a. level, 8.2 mm), A more caudal level, where, besides the areas mentioned in 0, low binding densities are seen in the globus pallidus (GP). F (i.a. level, 7.2 mm), Receptors at a caudal level of the CPU. G ( ...
... visible in the lateral septum (LS) and the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (ZWT’). E (i.a. level, 8.2 mm), A more caudal level, where, besides the areas mentioned in 0, low binding densities are seen in the globus pallidus (GP). F (i.a. level, 7.2 mm), Receptors at a caudal level of the CPU. G ( ...
Neural Darwinism
... neurons, called neuronal groups. Neurons within a group are highly interconnected, and changes in their synaptic strengths tend differentially to enhance the adaptive responses of the group as a whole. While the structures underlying neuronal groups arise from local anatomical connections, the group ...
... neurons, called neuronal groups. Neurons within a group are highly interconnected, and changes in their synaptic strengths tend differentially to enhance the adaptive responses of the group as a whole. While the structures underlying neuronal groups arise from local anatomical connections, the group ...
Patient Machine Interface for the Control of Mechanical Ventilation
... Abstract: The potential of Brain Computer Interfaces (BCIs) to translate brain activity into commands to control external devices during mechanical ventilation (MV) remains largely unexplored. This is surprising since the amount of patients that might benefit from such assistance is considerably lar ...
... Abstract: The potential of Brain Computer Interfaces (BCIs) to translate brain activity into commands to control external devices during mechanical ventilation (MV) remains largely unexplored. This is surprising since the amount of patients that might benefit from such assistance is considerably lar ...
Full Text
... Nevertheless, a recent theory has provided a unified explanation for both illusions. According to this theory the interaction between two distinct variables of size contrast and empty space in the background of the target stimulus can predict both the Muller-Lyer and Titchener (and some others) illu ...
... Nevertheless, a recent theory has provided a unified explanation for both illusions. According to this theory the interaction between two distinct variables of size contrast and empty space in the background of the target stimulus can predict both the Muller-Lyer and Titchener (and some others) illu ...
Theory of Mind: A Neural Prediction Problem
... version of the predictive coding framework that has been developed for mid- and high-level vision. Like vision, theory of mind can be understood as an inverse problem (Baker et al., 2011; Baker et al., 2009); the challenge is to use the observable evidence (in this case human behaviors and states) t ...
... version of the predictive coding framework that has been developed for mid- and high-level vision. Like vision, theory of mind can be understood as an inverse problem (Baker et al., 2011; Baker et al., 2009); the challenge is to use the observable evidence (in this case human behaviors and states) t ...
Deciphering a neural code for vision
... self-inhibitory potentials to form the generator potential (23). The lateral inhibitory inputs to an eccentric cell were computed by using a dynamic version of the original Hartline–Ratliff formulation (7, 24) with inhibitory strength weighted as a function of retinal distance (25, 26). The self-inh ...
... self-inhibitory potentials to form the generator potential (23). The lateral inhibitory inputs to an eccentric cell were computed by using a dynamic version of the original Hartline–Ratliff formulation (7, 24) with inhibitory strength weighted as a function of retinal distance (25, 26). The self-inh ...
Advanced biomaterial strategies to transplant preformed micro
... neuronal populations, relying only on local plasticity for synaptic integration to form a new functional relay across damaged connections (figure 1). As highlighted in a recent review article, there are several other methods to develop neuronal and axonal constructs, but most are focused on creating ...
... neuronal populations, relying only on local plasticity for synaptic integration to form a new functional relay across damaged connections (figure 1). As highlighted in a recent review article, there are several other methods to develop neuronal and axonal constructs, but most are focused on creating ...
Spiking neural networks for vision tasks
... an adjacent layer. When zooming in on a single neuron, like it is done in figure 2. We see the edges of the neurons of the proceeding layer which are weighted and summed to form the input to the neurons activation function. It is important to note that every neuron has only one output value, which t ...
... an adjacent layer. When zooming in on a single neuron, like it is done in figure 2. We see the edges of the neurons of the proceeding layer which are weighted and summed to form the input to the neurons activation function. It is important to note that every neuron has only one output value, which t ...
Neural binding
Neural binding refers to the neuroscientific aspect of what is commonly known as the binding problem. The Binding Problem is an interdisciplinary term, named for the difficulty of creating a comprehensive and verifiable model for the unity of consciousness. ""Binding"" refers to the integration of highly diverse neural information in the forming of one's cohesive experience. The neural binding hypothesis states that neural signals are paired through synchronized oscillations of neuronal activity that combine and recombine to allow for a wide variety of responses to context-dependent stimuli. These dynamic neural networks are thought to account for the flexibility and nuanced response of the brain to various situations. The coupling of these networks is transient, on the order of milliseconds, and allows for rapid activity.A viable mechanism for this phenomenon must address (1) the difficulties of reconciling the global nature of the participating (exogenous) signals and their relevant (endogenous) associations, (2) the interface between lower perceptual processes and higher cognitive processes, (3) the identification of signals (sometimes referred to as “tagging”) as they are processed and routed throughout the brain, and (4) the emergence of a unity of consciousness.Proposed adaptive functions of neural binding have included the avoidance of hallucinatory phenomena generated by endogenous patterns alone as well as the avoidance of behavior driven by involuntary action alone.There are several difficulties that must be addressed in this model. First, it must provide a mechanism for the integration of signals across different brain regions (both cortical and subcortical). It must also be able to explain the simultaneous processing of unrelated signals that are held separate from one another and integrated signals that must be viewed as a whole.