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Food preservation - Eduspace
Food preservation - Eduspace

... defining characteristic of the molecules of living things, while the molecules of minerals were symmetrical—an important contribution to the scientific understanding of life. He also experimented with the effect of heat on molecular structures. His experiments on wine showed that yeast was not only ...
Slide 1
Slide 1

... microbial diversity and habitats • habitat diversity – unique C and E sources – metabolic strategies •fermentation  respiration • heterotrophy  phototrophy •symbioses – ruminants – mycorrhizae – extreme environments •pH •temperature •salinity •pressure ...
Prokaryotic Organisms
Prokaryotic Organisms

... and vagina (during child-bearing years) (a) responsible for the vagina’s acidic environment (b) other members are sometimes used in food production iv) Enterococcus sp. (Gram positive cocci) are located in the intestinal tract of animals and humans (a) they rarely produce infections here but do actu ...
Metabolism of lipids
Metabolism of lipids

... a) a phospholipid bilayer on their surface b) free cholesterol in their core c) triacylglycerols in their core d) surface proteins having a role of ligands, which can bind to receptors of target cells other functions: apoproteins activate enzymes metabolizing lipoproteins, or they have a structural ...
Overview and History
Overview and History

... • Microbial Ecology • Bacteria recycle carbon, nutrients, sulfur, and phosphorus that can be used by plants and animals. ...
Chapter 1 Art Slides
Chapter 1 Art Slides

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Prokaryotes
Prokaryotes

... while Gram negative bacteria have less peptidoglycan. 5. Gram-___________ bacteria have lipopolysaccharides on their cell wall, meaning they are ___________ resistant to antibiotics, which prevent peptidoglycan cross-linking. a. Negative…more b. Negative…less c. Positive…less d. Positive…more 6. How ...
NATURE OF LIPIDS. Lipids have a hydrophobic nature because of
NATURE OF LIPIDS. Lipids have a hydrophobic nature because of

... source of fuel, so they are consumed by the body, and there is no excess to accumulate. In contrast, in untreated diabetes, blood levels of ketone bodies may become high enough to produce lifethreatening ketoacidosis. ...
Ch 27 Lecture
Ch 27 Lecture

... because they are not secreted but are part of the cell itself. a. The endotoxin-producing bacteria in the genus Salmonella are not normally present in healthy animals. b. Salmonella typhi causes typhoid fever. c. Other Salmonella species, including some that are common in poultry, cause food poisoni ...
The use of fluorescein isothiocyanate in the determination of the
The use of fluorescein isothiocyanate in the determination of the

... bacterial biomass of grassland soil. Can. J. Microbiol. 16: 57-62. Quantitative recoveries of bacteria added t o a number of soils were obtained using fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) as a stain. Enzyme fluorescence, using fluorescein diacetate or dibutyrate, could not be adapted for the routine co ...
PDF - Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology
PDF - Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology

... connect to other bacterial cells and − in this way − compensate their nutritional deficiency. However, nanotubes did not form when the required amino acids were supplemented to the growth medium, indicating that the formation of these structures obviously depends on how ‘hungry’ a cell is,” the scie ...
H2S production hydrogen sulfide production
H2S production hydrogen sulfide production

... • Add 10 drops of barritt’s reagent A and barritt’s reagent B • Red/pink color in the medium - positive ...
KEY - Cobb Learning
KEY - Cobb Learning

... Introduction: Thousands of different types of bacteria are known and have been observed, and there are possibly many more that have not yet been observed. How can a scientist tell these organisms apart when they are so small? One way is the bacteria's characteristic shape or pattern of joining toget ...
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Soil and Human Pathogens Outline Overview Pathway to humans

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Click here for bacteria kingdom facts
Click here for bacteria kingdom facts

... Fact 8 - Anywhere that dead and decaying matter is present is a good home for bacteria Fact 9 - Examples of bacteria include:  Acidophilus, a normal inhabitant of yogurt  Clostridium welchii the most common cause of gas gangrene  E. coli - found in the lower intestine. E. coli can be a threat to ...
I Revised - UAB School of Optometry
I Revised - UAB School of Optometry

... 2. Put extract in separatory funnel and get two separate phases. 3. Analyze each phase by either: a. absorbtion chromotography- silicic acid in solvent b. thin layer plate which contains silicic acid, and after you run a solvent and get separation of different types of lipids.  How do you get FA af ...
Domains Kingdom(s)
Domains Kingdom(s)

...   Higher levels are the most general and contain a collection of groups   Lower levels are more specific. ...
Bacteria_and_Humans
Bacteria_and_Humans

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Worksheet 10
Worksheet 10

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doc MIMM 211 Lecture Notes 2
doc MIMM 211 Lecture Notes 2

... -Pasteur discovered that microorgansims caused fermentation (sugar instability) -from beet sugar to alcohol -Eventually yeast was replaced by lactic acid -Winogradsky- found that oxidation of iron, sulphur and ammonia of bacteria provided energy ...
Plasma membrane acts as a selective barrier allowing nutrients to
Plasma membrane acts as a selective barrier allowing nutrients to

... the cell walls of gram-positive bacteria. 3. Gram-positive bacteria should be very vulnerable to inhibition by penicillin because penicillin is an antibiotic that inhibits enzymes from catalyzing the synthesis of peptidoglycan. 4. Bacteria rarely thrive in high sugar content foods, even if the food ...
01 - ermshouse72
01 - ermshouse72

... 15. A thick-walled protective spore that forms inside a bacterial cell and resists harsh conditions is called a(n) .______________________ 16. What may happen to endospores when conditions improve in areas that have been hot, cold, or very dry? _______________________________________________________ ...
ECOLOGICAL SUCCESSION
ECOLOGICAL SUCCESSION

... Primary Succession Secondary Succession ...
< 1 ... 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 ... 76 >

Phospholipid-derived fatty acids



Phospholipid-derived fatty acids (PLFA) are widely used in microbial ecology as chemotaxonomic markers of bacteria and other organisms. Phospholipids are the primary lipids composing cellular membranes. Phospholipids can be saponified, which releases the fatty acids contained in their diglyceride tail. Once the phospholipids of an unknown sample are saponified, the composition of the resulting PLFA can be compared to the PLFA of known organisms to determine the identity of the sample organism. PLFA analysis may be combined with other techniques, such as stable isotope probing to determine which microbes are metabolically active in a sample. PLFA analysis was pioneered by D.C. White, MD, PhD, at the University of Tennessee, in the early to mid 1980s.
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