Reciprocal influences of physical function and cognitive inhibition in
... cognitive inhibitory deficits in chronic pain patients is mixed; research in this area is complicated by the heterogeneity of chronic pain disorders and the variety of tasks used to measure cognitive inhibition. Although the exact mechanisms underlying cognitive deficits in chronic pain are currentl ...
... cognitive inhibitory deficits in chronic pain patients is mixed; research in this area is complicated by the heterogeneity of chronic pain disorders and the variety of tasks used to measure cognitive inhibition. Although the exact mechanisms underlying cognitive deficits in chronic pain are currentl ...
Columbia`s psychology
... To directly compare the disorders, we constructed regions-ofinterest using the WFU PickAtlas (65), including those in the amygdala, insula, and thalamus. A ventromedial prefrontal region of interest consisted of medial frontal voxels below z=0. A rostral anterior cingulate cortex region of interest ...
... To directly compare the disorders, we constructed regions-ofinterest using the WFU PickAtlas (65), including those in the amygdala, insula, and thalamus. A ventromedial prefrontal region of interest consisted of medial frontal voxels below z=0. A rostral anterior cingulate cortex region of interest ...
Ch. 14 CNS textbook
... the wider of the two grooves—a useful factor to remember when you examine spinal cord diagrams. It enables you to tell at a glance which part of the cord is anterior and which is posterior. Two bundles of nerve fibers called nerve roots project from each side of the spinal cord (see Figure 13-6). Fi ...
... the wider of the two grooves—a useful factor to remember when you examine spinal cord diagrams. It enables you to tell at a glance which part of the cord is anterior and which is posterior. Two bundles of nerve fibers called nerve roots project from each side of the spinal cord (see Figure 13-6). Fi ...
The Roles of Dopamine - ETH E
... to a visually presented stimulus before it can adequately assess its predictive value, the latency of dopamine response would be too short to signal reward. We argue against this view of Redgrave and colleagues. Neural activities in cortical and subcortical areas reflect the anticipated future visua ...
... to a visually presented stimulus before it can adequately assess its predictive value, the latency of dopamine response would be too short to signal reward. We argue against this view of Redgrave and colleagues. Neural activities in cortical and subcortical areas reflect the anticipated future visua ...
KIDS, Inc. - School Neuropsych
... – Sensory and motor tracts cross over into the opposite side of the brain. – The somatosensory (touch, pressure, pain, and temperature) and the motor systems are organized in contralateral fashion, such that sensory information and movement on the left side of the body are primarily controlled by ...
... – Sensory and motor tracts cross over into the opposite side of the brain. – The somatosensory (touch, pressure, pain, and temperature) and the motor systems are organized in contralateral fashion, such that sensory information and movement on the left side of the body are primarily controlled by ...
new insights into the functions of the superior temporal cortex
... of this study have to be regarded with some caution. The work needs to be complemented by lesion or inactivation studies that focus selectively on the superior temporal cortex, without prior lesioning in other cortical areas. Subcortical neglect. Over the past 40 years, various studies have document ...
... of this study have to be regarded with some caution. The work needs to be complemented by lesion or inactivation studies that focus selectively on the superior temporal cortex, without prior lesioning in other cortical areas. Subcortical neglect. Over the past 40 years, various studies have document ...
Dissertation 20161009 Text Citations
... based trustworthiness evaluations, including the amygdala and the core face perception system. In addition, various studies have identified other cortical structures, such as the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex, the superior temporal cortex, the frontopolar cortex, the inferior and middle frontal gy ...
... based trustworthiness evaluations, including the amygdala and the core face perception system. In addition, various studies have identified other cortical structures, such as the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex, the superior temporal cortex, the frontopolar cortex, the inferior and middle frontal gy ...
Linking Neural Activity to Visual Perception: Separating Sensory and
... We can use the specialization of visual cortical neurons to begin understanding how they support visual perception. This is accomplished by comparing the activity of a neuron to the responses of an observer performing a perceptual task [1]. Neurons from the Middle Temporal area of visual cortex (MT ...
... We can use the specialization of visual cortical neurons to begin understanding how they support visual perception. This is accomplished by comparing the activity of a neuron to the responses of an observer performing a perceptual task [1]. Neurons from the Middle Temporal area of visual cortex (MT ...
The role of the medial prefrontal cortex in learning and reward Ph.D
... One of the most important and interesting questions about brain function is learning, more precisely, what is learned in a certain situation, which brain regions are involved in a certain aspect of learning and how neuronal networks function during learning. The dissertation is about motivated, food ...
... One of the most important and interesting questions about brain function is learning, more precisely, what is learned in a certain situation, which brain regions are involved in a certain aspect of learning and how neuronal networks function during learning. The dissertation is about motivated, food ...
Synchronous Oscillatory Neural Ensembles for Rules in the
... A critical cognitive ability is the flexibility to change one’s behavior based on context. Day-to-day life is full of such situations. For example, one often answers their phone when it rings but mutes it in a lecture. These context-dependent stimulus-response mappings are called “rules”. By allowin ...
... A critical cognitive ability is the flexibility to change one’s behavior based on context. Day-to-day life is full of such situations. For example, one often answers their phone when it rings but mutes it in a lecture. These context-dependent stimulus-response mappings are called “rules”. By allowin ...
Stimulus-Dependent Synchronization of Neuronal Responses in the
... preferences for particular features of visual stimuli, but in general, the tuning is broad. Thus, even simple stimuli evoke responses in numerous neurons with differing but overlapping feature preferences, and it is commonly held that a particular feature is encoded in the pattern of graded response ...
... preferences for particular features of visual stimuli, but in general, the tuning is broad. Thus, even simple stimuli evoke responses in numerous neurons with differing but overlapping feature preferences, and it is commonly held that a particular feature is encoded in the pattern of graded response ...
Updating verbal and visuospatial working memory: Are the
... memory updating task with phonological short-term memory task[9,10]. Morris and Jones[11] predicted that if memory updating requires CE resources but not the articulary loop, and the serial recall aspect of the task requires the articulatory loop but not the central executive, then the times of upda ...
... memory updating task with phonological short-term memory task[9,10]. Morris and Jones[11] predicted that if memory updating requires CE resources but not the articulary loop, and the serial recall aspect of the task requires the articulatory loop but not the central executive, then the times of upda ...
Cross-Modal Transfer of Information between the Tactile
... defined as areas activated by stimuli from more than one sensory modality. Nevertheless, in a review on cross-modal abilities in nonhuman primates, Ettlinger and Wilson (1990) concluded that there is no polysensory cross-modal area, no cross-modal region “in which representations formed in one sense ...
... defined as areas activated by stimuli from more than one sensory modality. Nevertheless, in a review on cross-modal abilities in nonhuman primates, Ettlinger and Wilson (1990) concluded that there is no polysensory cross-modal area, no cross-modal region “in which representations formed in one sense ...
Frontal Lobes and Memory - University of California, Berkeley
... a retrieval cue at test. In contrast, Hirst & Volpe (1988) found that frontal lobe patients did not show a benefit on related vs. unrelated lists during recall. Moreover, patients did not spontaneously use the semantic categories in the related lists to aid their performance. In a subsequent conditi ...
... a retrieval cue at test. In contrast, Hirst & Volpe (1988) found that frontal lobe patients did not show a benefit on related vs. unrelated lists during recall. Moreover, patients did not spontaneously use the semantic categories in the related lists to aid their performance. In a subsequent conditi ...
Olfaction in Invertebrates: Manduca. In: Squire LR (ed). Encyclopedia of Neuroscience, vol 7, pp 49-57. Oxford: Academic Press.
... olfaction research are the facts that odor processing can be studied through learning tests, with odor as an appetitive stimulus, and that odor-induced neural excitation can be monitored both at the single-neuron level and at the neural network level. A total of 60 000 olfactory receptor neurons (OR ...
... olfaction research are the facts that odor processing can be studied through learning tests, with odor as an appetitive stimulus, and that odor-induced neural excitation can be monitored both at the single-neuron level and at the neural network level. A total of 60 000 olfactory receptor neurons (OR ...
THE NEUROBIOLOGY OF VISUAL-SACCADIC DECISION MAKING
... ■ Abstract Over the past two decades significant progress has been made toward understanding the neural basis of primate decision making, the biological process that combines sensory data with stored information to select and execute behavioral responses. The most striking progress in this area has ...
... ■ Abstract Over the past two decades significant progress has been made toward understanding the neural basis of primate decision making, the biological process that combines sensory data with stored information to select and execute behavioral responses. The most striking progress in this area has ...
Strategy-dependent Dissociation of the Neural
... T is well known that cognition influences pain perception.1 Cognitive strategies use this concept and are used for day-to-day pain management by patients with chronic pain.2– 4 They reduce pain by addressing psychologic influences5 through techniques such as diversion of attention, reappraisal, imag ...
... T is well known that cognition influences pain perception.1 Cognitive strategies use this concept and are used for day-to-day pain management by patients with chronic pain.2– 4 They reduce pain by addressing psychologic influences5 through techniques such as diversion of attention, reappraisal, imag ...
Representation in the Human Brain of Food Texture and Oral Fat
... using event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging. It was shown that the viscosity of oral stimuli is represented in the (primary) taste cortex in the anterior insula, in which activation was proportional to the log of the viscosity of a cellulose stimulus (carboxymethyl cellulose), and was ...
... using event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging. It was shown that the viscosity of oral stimuli is represented in the (primary) taste cortex in the anterior insula, in which activation was proportional to the log of the viscosity of a cellulose stimulus (carboxymethyl cellulose), and was ...
Mental state inference using visual control parameters
... involved in visuomotor aspects of manual manipulative movements [1,7,21,20,30,46,53,82,90]. The feedforward control, we assume, is a skill learned by self-observation of feedback-controlled movements, which involves inverse model learning (e.g. feedback error learning), and is not addressed in the c ...
... involved in visuomotor aspects of manual manipulative movements [1,7,21,20,30,46,53,82,90]. The feedforward control, we assume, is a skill learned by self-observation of feedback-controlled movements, which involves inverse model learning (e.g. feedback error learning), and is not addressed in the c ...
The Neuroanatomical Basis of Understanding Sarcasm and Its
... Previous research investigating the effects of brain damage on sarcasm has pointed to the role of the right hemisphere in pragmatic understanding (McDonald, 1999). Considerable research on adult participants has shown that the right hemisphere predominates in influencing the interpretation of conver ...
... Previous research investigating the effects of brain damage on sarcasm has pointed to the role of the right hemisphere in pragmatic understanding (McDonald, 1999). Considerable research on adult participants has shown that the right hemisphere predominates in influencing the interpretation of conver ...
Role of Feedforward and Feedback Projections in Figure
... The feedforward established response property of visual neurons is not fixed. It can be modified by factors such as experience and learning, or, more importantly, by the spatial and temporal context in which a stimulus is presented. The latter strongly influences the stimulus evoked response of a ce ...
... The feedforward established response property of visual neurons is not fixed. It can be modified by factors such as experience and learning, or, more importantly, by the spatial and temporal context in which a stimulus is presented. The latter strongly influences the stimulus evoked response of a ce ...
The affective and cognitive processing of touch, oral texture, and
... This conclusion appears to be the case for processing in a number of sensory modalities, and the finding with such prototypical stimuli as pleasant and painful touch, and warm (pleasant) and cold (unpleasant) thermal stimuli, provides strong support for this principle (Rolls, 2005; Grabenhorst et al. ...
... This conclusion appears to be the case for processing in a number of sensory modalities, and the finding with such prototypical stimuli as pleasant and painful touch, and warm (pleasant) and cold (unpleasant) thermal stimuli, provides strong support for this principle (Rolls, 2005; Grabenhorst et al. ...
NM Study Guide 2 Lecture #1 10/6/14 I. Normal Upper Extremity
... o Requirements of the specific task o Environmental elements affecting task performance o Ex: During a reaching task a person with stroke must move the involved UE, constrained by abnormal tone and the influence of synergies (constraint of the individual). Picking up a coffee cup requires the indivi ...
... o Requirements of the specific task o Environmental elements affecting task performance o Ex: During a reaching task a person with stroke must move the involved UE, constrained by abnormal tone and the influence of synergies (constraint of the individual). Picking up a coffee cup requires the indivi ...
Short-Lasting Classical Conditioning Induces
... al. (1990) and Recanzone et al. (1992a) described topographical reorganizations of hand representations in the SI cortices of monkeys trained in regulated finger contact or frequency discrimination behavioral tasks. Hand and Hand (1995) reported that the area of 2DG labeling of cortical functional r ...
... al. (1990) and Recanzone et al. (1992a) described topographical reorganizations of hand representations in the SI cortices of monkeys trained in regulated finger contact or frequency discrimination behavioral tasks. Hand and Hand (1995) reported that the area of 2DG labeling of cortical functional r ...
Domain-general mechanisms of complex working memory span
... reading span, listening span, and operation span). Another problem is that the key fMRI contrasts have differed considerably across studies. For example, one approach (which we favor) is to contrast a CWMS condition (combined storage and processing) first with a processingonly condition, then separat ...
... reading span, listening span, and operation span). Another problem is that the key fMRI contrasts have differed considerably across studies. For example, one approach (which we favor) is to contrast a CWMS condition (combined storage and processing) first with a processingonly condition, then separat ...
Executive functions
Executive functions (also known as cognitive control and supervisory attentional system) is an umbrella term for the management (regulation, control) of cognitive processes, including working memory, reasoning, task flexibility, and problem solving as well as planning and execution.The executive system is a theorized cognitive system in psychology that controls and manages other cognitive processes, such as executive functions. The prefrontal areas of the frontal lobe are necessary but not solely sufficient for carrying out these functions.