Cytoarchitecture of the canine perirhinal and postrhinal cortex
... have shown that the perirhinal cortex has numerous reciprocal connections with a number of cortical areas in the temporal, parietal, occipital and frontal cortex, both sensory and associative in function. Thus, it is a site of polymodal convergence where particular sensory systems can be introduced ...
... have shown that the perirhinal cortex has numerous reciprocal connections with a number of cortical areas in the temporal, parietal, occipital and frontal cortex, both sensory and associative in function. Thus, it is a site of polymodal convergence where particular sensory systems can be introduced ...
Verbal memory in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy
... point to a condition of bitemporal vulnerability, and are therefore the harbingers of a post-resection amnesia, the presence of a non-congruent memory disorder (i.e. a memory impairment implicating the contralateral hippocampus in cases with an apparently unilateral mesial temporal focus) was taken ...
... point to a condition of bitemporal vulnerability, and are therefore the harbingers of a post-resection amnesia, the presence of a non-congruent memory disorder (i.e. a memory impairment implicating the contralateral hippocampus in cases with an apparently unilateral mesial temporal focus) was taken ...
Changes in Resting-State Functional Connectivity Following Delay
... expression were positively correlated with activity in the amygdala and ACC. The relationship between fear expression and ACC activity existed despite the fact that participants showed a similar level of contingency knowledge as measured with UCS expectancy. This study supports the idea that ACC act ...
... expression were positively correlated with activity in the amygdala and ACC. The relationship between fear expression and ACC activity existed despite the fact that participants showed a similar level of contingency knowledge as measured with UCS expectancy. This study supports the idea that ACC act ...
The GABAergic system in schizophrenia
... 1999). In-vivo pharmacological manipulation of the GABAergic system indicates that GABAergic function is potentially relevant to the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. For example, blockade of GABA receptors with picrotoxin in the prefrontal cortex of rats impairs sensorimotor gating, an effect that ...
... 1999). In-vivo pharmacological manipulation of the GABAergic system indicates that GABAergic function is potentially relevant to the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. For example, blockade of GABA receptors with picrotoxin in the prefrontal cortex of rats impairs sensorimotor gating, an effect that ...
Visuomotor Functions in the Frontal Lobe
... high-density counterstream architectures. Science 342:1238406. Reprinted with permission from AAAS. (b) Hierarchy of visual areas. The lateral frontal eye field (FEF) (8l), which produces shorter saccades, is at the same level as V3 and V4, whereas the medial FEF (8m), which produces longer saccades ...
... high-density counterstream architectures. Science 342:1238406. Reprinted with permission from AAAS. (b) Hierarchy of visual areas. The lateral frontal eye field (FEF) (8l), which produces shorter saccades, is at the same level as V3 and V4, whereas the medial FEF (8m), which produces longer saccades ...
Learning of Sequences of Finger Movements and Timing: Frontal
... 2002; 10.1152/jn.00116.2002. Motor sequence learning involves learning of a sequence of effectors with which to execute a series of movements and learning of a sequence of timings at which to execute the movements. In this study, we have segregated the neural correlates of the two learning mechanism ...
... 2002; 10.1152/jn.00116.2002. Motor sequence learning involves learning of a sequence of effectors with which to execute a series of movements and learning of a sequence of timings at which to execute the movements. In this study, we have segregated the neural correlates of the two learning mechanism ...
Neurocircuitry of Addiction
... Drug addiction is a chronically relapsing disorder that has been characterized by (1) compulsion to seek and take the drug, (2) loss of control in limiting intake, and (3) emergence of a negative emotional state (eg, dysphoria, anxiety, irritability) reflecting a motivational withdrawal syndrome whe ...
... Drug addiction is a chronically relapsing disorder that has been characterized by (1) compulsion to seek and take the drug, (2) loss of control in limiting intake, and (3) emergence of a negative emotional state (eg, dysphoria, anxiety, irritability) reflecting a motivational withdrawal syndrome whe ...
Evolutionarily conserved prefrontal-amygdalar dysfunction in early
... anxious temperament (AT) confers elevated risk for the development of anxiety, depression and substance abuse. These disorders are highly prevalent, debilitating and can be challenging to treat. The high-risk AT phenotype is expressed similarly in children and young monkeys and mechanistic work demo ...
... anxious temperament (AT) confers elevated risk for the development of anxiety, depression and substance abuse. These disorders are highly prevalent, debilitating and can be challenging to treat. The high-risk AT phenotype is expressed similarly in children and young monkeys and mechanistic work demo ...
Prefrontal cortex in humans and apes: A comparative study of area 10
... wide, its cells have a homogeneous distribution, and a slight size gradient is evident as one approaches layer IV. The pyramids are darkly stained. Layer IV is clearly evident, but thin, and includes small cells with medium staining. Its borders with layers III and V are easily seen. Layer Va includ ...
... wide, its cells have a homogeneous distribution, and a slight size gradient is evident as one approaches layer IV. The pyramids are darkly stained. Layer IV is clearly evident, but thin, and includes small cells with medium staining. Its borders with layers III and V are easily seen. Layer Va includ ...
chapter 12. schizophrenia 12.4 schizophrenia
... Early linkage studies were based on traditional assumptions that a single dominant gene produced the illness. These were, in general, unsuccessful. The first published study to use restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLP) reported linkage between two markers on the long arm of chromosome 5 ( ...
... Early linkage studies were based on traditional assumptions that a single dominant gene produced the illness. These were, in general, unsuccessful. The first published study to use restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLP) reported linkage between two markers on the long arm of chromosome 5 ( ...
Fear conditioning, synaptic plasticity and the amygdala
... BDNF to PTSD [49]. In addition, transgenic, molecular and behavioral studies in rodents have provided insights into the underlying mechanisms of BDNF signaling in PTSD. There is burgeoning evidence for an association between a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the BDNF gene (Val66Met) and vari ...
... BDNF to PTSD [49]. In addition, transgenic, molecular and behavioral studies in rodents have provided insights into the underlying mechanisms of BDNF signaling in PTSD. There is burgeoning evidence for an association between a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the BDNF gene (Val66Met) and vari ...
An Integrative Theory on Prefrontal Cortex Function
... them. They provide bias signals throughout much of the rest of the brain, affecting not only visual processes but also other sensory modalities, as well as systems responsible for response execution, memory retrieval, emotional evaluation, etc. The aggregate effect of these bias signals is to guide ...
... them. They provide bias signals throughout much of the rest of the brain, affecting not only visual processes but also other sensory modalities, as well as systems responsible for response execution, memory retrieval, emotional evaluation, etc. The aggregate effect of these bias signals is to guide ...
Emotional and Behavioral Correlates of Mediodorsal Thalamic
... two screws to serve as a ground. Two bipolar electrodes for intracranial stimulation were implanted in the medial forebrain bundle (anterior, 25.2 from bregma; lateral, 60.8; ventral, 8.2), according to the atlas of Paxinos and Watson (1986). After the cut end of the temporal muscle was covered with ...
... two screws to serve as a ground. Two bipolar electrodes for intracranial stimulation were implanted in the medial forebrain bundle (anterior, 25.2 from bregma; lateral, 60.8; ventral, 8.2), according to the atlas of Paxinos and Watson (1986). After the cut end of the temporal muscle was covered with ...
A model for experience-dependent changes in the responses of inferotemporal neurons
... 2.5. Role of cholinergic modulation IT cortex receives cholinergic innervation from the nucleus basalis of the substantia innominata region (also known as the magnocellular nucleus basalis of Meynert) in the basal forebrain (Mesulam et al 1983). Cholinergic antagonists have been shown to increase th ...
... 2.5. Role of cholinergic modulation IT cortex receives cholinergic innervation from the nucleus basalis of the substantia innominata region (also known as the magnocellular nucleus basalis of Meynert) in the basal forebrain (Mesulam et al 1983). Cholinergic antagonists have been shown to increase th ...
Changes in the N1-P2 Complex after Speech
... Whereas normal-hearing controls demonstrate asymmetric activity with greater activation over the hemisphere contralateral to the ear of stimulation, after unilateral deprivation, deafened subjects show an increase in neural activity ipsilateral to the ear of stimulation, resulting in increased P1-N1 ...
... Whereas normal-hearing controls demonstrate asymmetric activity with greater activation over the hemisphere contralateral to the ear of stimulation, after unilateral deprivation, deafened subjects show an increase in neural activity ipsilateral to the ear of stimulation, resulting in increased P1-N1 ...
Inferior Parietal Lobule Function in Spatial Perception and
... Progress has been more difficult in gaining an understanding of the somatosensory functions of this area and the possible role the IPL may play in the integration of somatosensory and visual information. It is becoming clear that an important integration of incoming visual signals and oculomotor sig ...
... Progress has been more difficult in gaining an understanding of the somatosensory functions of this area and the possible role the IPL may play in the integration of somatosensory and visual information. It is becoming clear that an important integration of incoming visual signals and oculomotor sig ...
Development and aging of cortical thickness correspond to genetic
... models (GAMMs) were used to fit mean thickness in each hemisphere to age, revealing a high rate of decrease for the first 20 y of life, followed by a more or less steady rate of thinning (P < 0.001 for the smooth effect of age; Fig. 1). A linear function yielded a much poorer fit, as evidenced by in ...
... models (GAMMs) were used to fit mean thickness in each hemisphere to age, revealing a high rate of decrease for the first 20 y of life, followed by a more or less steady rate of thinning (P < 0.001 for the smooth effect of age; Fig. 1). A linear function yielded a much poorer fit, as evidenced by in ...
pdf
... structures such as the inferior colliculus, the thalamus and the auditory cortex as well as in non-auditory brain areas. However, the observed changes show great variability, hence lacking a conclusive picture. One of the reasons might be the selection of inhomogeneous groups in data analysis. Metho ...
... structures such as the inferior colliculus, the thalamus and the auditory cortex as well as in non-auditory brain areas. However, the observed changes show great variability, hence lacking a conclusive picture. One of the reasons might be the selection of inhomogeneous groups in data analysis. Metho ...
Throwing while looking through prisms
... Effect of neural lesions on adaptation and performance Patients are identified by their initials throughout this paper (see Table 2 for details). ...
... Effect of neural lesions on adaptation and performance Patients are identified by their initials throughout this paper (see Table 2 for details). ...
The cerebral cortex of Albert Einstein: a description and preliminary
... The materials were physically acquired in June of 2010 and are cared for by members of the staff of the National Museum of Health and Medicine, then a component of the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology on the grounds of Walter Reed Army Medical Centre in Washington, DC. They were accessioned into ...
... The materials were physically acquired in June of 2010 and are cared for by members of the staff of the National Museum of Health and Medicine, then a component of the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology on the grounds of Walter Reed Army Medical Centre in Washington, DC. They were accessioned into ...
The cerebral cortex of Albert Einstein: a
... The materials were physically acquired in June of 2010 and are cared for by members of the staff of the National Museum of Health and Medicine, then a component of the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology on the grounds of Walter Reed Army Medical Centre in Washington, DC. They were accessioned into ...
... The materials were physically acquired in June of 2010 and are cared for by members of the staff of the National Museum of Health and Medicine, then a component of the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology on the grounds of Walter Reed Army Medical Centre in Washington, DC. They were accessioned into ...
frontal functions, connectivity and neural efficiency underpinning
... neurophysiological changes in frontal and lateralized functions with hypnosis, changes which have differentiated high from low hypnotically susceptible subjects, and which led to a working model and neuropsychological translation of the hypnotic induction process. New evidence is outlined from an fM ...
... neurophysiological changes in frontal and lateralized functions with hypnosis, changes which have differentiated high from low hypnotically susceptible subjects, and which led to a working model and neuropsychological translation of the hypnotic induction process. New evidence is outlined from an fM ...
Chapter_013
... • Shorter tracts—conduct impulses from neuron cell bodies located in the cerebellar cortex to neurons whose dendrites and cell bodies compose nuclei located in the interior of the cerebellum • Longer tracts—conduct impulses to and from the cerebellum; fibers enter or leave by way of three pairs of p ...
... • Shorter tracts—conduct impulses from neuron cell bodies located in the cerebellar cortex to neurons whose dendrites and cell bodies compose nuclei located in the interior of the cerebellum • Longer tracts—conduct impulses to and from the cerebellum; fibers enter or leave by way of three pairs of p ...
Chapter_013
... • Shorter tracts—conduct impulses from neuron cell bodies located in the cerebellar cortex to neurons whose dendrites and cell bodies compose nuclei located in the interior of the cerebellum • Longer tracts—conduct impulses to and from the cerebellum; fibers enter or leave by way of three pairs of p ...
... • Shorter tracts—conduct impulses from neuron cell bodies located in the cerebellar cortex to neurons whose dendrites and cell bodies compose nuclei located in the interior of the cerebellum • Longer tracts—conduct impulses to and from the cerebellum; fibers enter or leave by way of three pairs of p ...
Long-range GABAergic neurons in the prefrontal cortex modulate
... prefrontal cortex (PL) drives fear by its excitatory projections to excitatory neurons in the basolateral amygdala (BLA), whereas the infralimbic prefrontal cortex (IL) inhibits fear by its excitatory projections to GABAergic intercalated cells (ITCs) in the amygdala (Sotres-Bayon and Quirk 2010). O ...
... prefrontal cortex (PL) drives fear by its excitatory projections to excitatory neurons in the basolateral amygdala (BLA), whereas the infralimbic prefrontal cortex (IL) inhibits fear by its excitatory projections to GABAergic intercalated cells (ITCs) in the amygdala (Sotres-Bayon and Quirk 2010). O ...