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L16v03-growthApop.stamped_doc
L16v03-growthApop.stamped_doc

... pro-inflammatory molecules are likely to be around. So many of those cells in that environment will express a fast death receptor. [00:11:41.83] However, it still remains for a killer lymphocyte to recognize this fast death receptor. And by binding here, you're going to activate a number of these ca ...
Cellopolis WS
Cellopolis WS

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example
example

... ...
Chapter 14 Oxidative Phosphorylation Prokaryotes are bacteria
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Mitosis - Louis Pasteur MS 67 Science Department Resources

... it. The mitochondrial protein is a component of the protein entry gate of the mitochondria: It imports nearly all of the proteins that serve a function in the mitochondria. As Harbauer demonstrated, the cell cycledependent modification of the protein entry gate leads to an increased import of protei ...
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Biofactsheet Apoptosis
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cell longevity pathways govern vascular and inflammatory

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Programmed Cell Death(Apoptosis)
Programmed Cell Death(Apoptosis)

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paracrine NO, neurotransmitters, … endocrine any hormone any

... The normal p53 gene product, when active, can induce apoptosis. The normal p53 gene product, when active, can halt the cell cycle. The normal p53 gene product, when active, can induce DNA repair. Li-Fraumeni syndrome involves a mutation of a ras gene. In normal cells, DNA damage causes MDM2 to bind ...
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... – ~50% of all tumors have mutated form – normal p53 is transcription factor that is activated in response to DNA damage • prevents cell cycle progression to allow repair • causes severely damaged cell to undergo apoptosis ...
Unravelling the molecular pathways of Plasmodium falciparum programmed cell death: identification of novel therapeutic targets.
Unravelling the molecular pathways of Plasmodium falciparum programmed cell death: identification of novel therapeutic targets.

... Programmed cell death (PCD) is now accepted as a well-established phenomenon among the Protozoa. Despite recent reports strongly suggesting that PCD occurs in the malaria protozoan parasite Plasmodium falciparum, there is limited information on pathways and molecules that induce plasmodium cell deat ...
Class26 2-15 Win17 Proliferation, Apoptosis
Class26 2-15 Win17 Proliferation, Apoptosis

... Proliferation (case study: cleavage) Apoptosis (case study: caspase) Migration (case study: gastrulation) ...
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Gene Expression Profile in Proliferation and Apoptosis of Human

... • Hepatic fibrosis is one of the common disease in Koreans. • Preventing initial liver fibrogenesis may contribute to hepatic fibrosis therapies. • It is important to discover the mechanisms related to the proliferation and apoptosis of hepatic stellate cell line which has the critical role in liver ...
Apoptotic cell death signaling in the Human Colon Cancer Cell line
Apoptotic cell death signaling in the Human Colon Cancer Cell line

... is a well studied event. If sufficient amounts of active caspase-8 are generated at the DISC to directly process effector caspases then the cells are classified as type I apoptotic cells, while in type II cells, the amount of caspase-8 processed in the DISC is insufficient. Therefore, apoptosis in t ...
B Cell Receptor Complexes - Sigma
B Cell Receptor Complexes - Sigma

... Additionally, the Tec family member Btk is recruited to the plasma membrane where it is involved in activation of PLC . The SLP-65/BLNK adapter protein has recently been shown to play a role in BCR-induced recruitment and activation of key signal transducing effector proteins. Downstream intermedia ...
Programmed Cell Death in Plants: A Role for Mitochondrial
Programmed Cell Death in Plants: A Role for Mitochondrial

... that is intimately involved with the activity of mitochondrial hexokinase activity. In human tumor cells, elevated levels of mitochondria-bound hexokinases HK-I and HK-II prevent apoptosis and allow the cells to continue proliferating. Majewski et al. (2004) provided evidence that the protein kinase ...
(PACs) that Selectively Induce Apoptosis in Cancer Cells
(PACs) that Selectively Induce Apoptosis in Cancer Cells

... Most  modern  anticancer  regimens  utilize  drugs  that  are  general  cytotoxins  in  order  to  target  malignancies  due  to  their  intensified  proliferation  relative  to  non‐ cancerous  tissue.    However,  the  lack  of  selectivity  results  in  side‐effects  and  dose‐ limiting  toxicity ...
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Apoptosome



The apoptosome is a large quaternary protein structure formed in the process of apoptosis. Its formation is triggered by the release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria in response to an internal (intrinsic) or external (extrinsic) cell death stimulus. Stimuli can vary from DNA damage and viral infection to developmental cues such as those leading to the degradation of a tadpole's tail.In mammalian cells, once cytochrome c is released, it binds to the cytosolic protein Apaf-1 to facilitate the formation of apoptosome. An early biochemical study suggests a two-to-one ratio of cytochrome c to apaf-1 for apoptosome formation. However, recent structural studies suggest the cytochrome c to apaf-1 ratio is one-to-one. It has also been shown that the nucleotide dATP as third component binds to apaf-1, however its exact role is still debated. The mammalian apoptosome had never been crystallized, but a human APAF-1/cytochrome-c apoptosome has been imaged at lower (2 nm) resolution by cryogenic transmission electron microscopy 10 years ago, revealing a wheel-like particle with 7-fold symmetry. Recently, a medium resolution (9.5 Ångström) structure of human apoptosome was also solved by cryo-electron microscopy, which allows unambiguous inference for positions of all the APAF-1 domains (CARD, NBARC and WD40) and cytochrome c. There is also now a crystal structure of the monomeric, inactive Apaf-1 subunit (PDB 3SFZ). Once formed, the apoptosome can then recruit and activate the inactive pro-caspase-9. Once activated, this initiator caspase can then activate effector caspases and trigger a cascade of events leading to apoptosis.
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